Difference between revisions of "Meteor, Vestkam, Epochs and Beauty 14"

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|image=[http://www.flickr.com/photos/ricksoloway/728345468/in/pool-camerapedia/ http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1192/728345468_39f3637847_m.jpg]<br>''Vestkam <small>by [http://www.flickr.com/photos/ricksoloway/ Rick Soloway]. {{with permission}}''
 
|image=[http://www.flickr.com/photos/ricksoloway/728345468/in/pool-camerapedia/ http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1192/728345468_39f3637847_m.jpg]<br>''Vestkam <small>by [http://www.flickr.com/photos/ricksoloway/ Rick Soloway]. {{with permission}}''
 
}}
 
}}
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The '''Meteor''', '''Vestkam''', '''Epochs''' and '''Beauty 14''' are subminiature cameras taking 17.5mm film, made by [[Taiyōdō]] in the late 1940s and early 1950s.
+
The '''Meteor''', '''Vestkam''', '''Epochs''' and '''Beauty 14''' are subminiature cameras taking 17.5mm film, made and distributed by [[Taiyōdō]] in the late 1940s and early 1950s. The Vestkam was perhaps imported in the US by [[American Home Industries|American Home Industries Inc.]]
  
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
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== Single finder models ==
 
== Single finder models ==
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=== Meteor ===
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=== The Meteor ===
 
The '''Meteor''' (メテオール) was announced in the January 1948 issue of ''[[Kohga Gekkan]]'' and in the March 1948 issue of {{AR}}.<REF> Columns reproduced in Awano, pp.4–5 of {{CCN}} no.239. These are the earliest articles featuring the camera according to {{Kokusan}}, p.370. The column in ''[[Kohga Gekkan]]'' mentions an earlier US-made camera of the same name, and Awano speculates (on p.1) that this is a confusion with an earlier announcement of the Japanese camera in a US magazine, but this is most probably an allusion to the [[Universal]] Meteor. The column in {{AR}} says that the camera takes 16mm film, but that in ''[[Kohga Gekkan]]'' confirms the use of 17.5mm film, and this is merely a mistake. </REF> Advertisements appear in Japanese magazines from March 1948 to June 1949.<REF> {{Kokusan}}, p.370; Awano, p.1 of {{CCN}} no.239. </REF> Most mention an f/4.5 lens.<REF> F/4.5 lens: column in {{AR}} March 1948 reproduced in Awano, p.5 of {{CCN}} no.239, advertisement in {{AR}} October 1948 reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.200, advertisements in ''[[Kohga Gekkan]]'' December 1948 and January 1949 reproduced in Awano, p.6 of {{CCN}} no.239, and advertisement in {{AR}} February 1949 reproduced in this page. </REF> The name "Meteor" is spelled correctly in advertisements until late 1948, but all later advertisements have the name "Meteall" instead.<REF> The advertisement on p.6 of {{NSKT}} April 20, 1948, reproduced on p.84 of ''Hyaku-gō goto jūkai no kiroku'', and those in ''[[Kohga Gekkan]]'' May and December 1948, reproduced in Awano, pp.5–6 of {{CCN}} no.239, have "Meteor". The advertisements in {{AR}} October 1948, reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.200, in ''[[Kohga Gekkan]]'' January 1949, reproduced in Awano, p.6 of {{CCN}} no.239, and in {{AR}} February 1949, reproduced in this page, have "Meteall". Awano, p.1 of {{CCN}} no.239, says that the name appears as "Meteor" in {{AR}} until September 1948 and in ''[[Kohga Gekkan]]'' until December 1948, and as "Meteall" after that date. </REF> No actual camera has been observed with "Meteall" markings, and the newer spelling is thought to be a misprint, because "Meteall" and "Meteor" would be pronounced the same by a Japanese speaker. However the fact that this misprint lasted for six months and displaced the correct spelling (instead of the reverse) remains unexplained.<REF> This is commented in Awano, p.1 of {{CCN}} no.239. </REF>
 
The '''Meteor''' (メテオール) was announced in the January 1948 issue of ''[[Kohga Gekkan]]'' and in the March 1948 issue of {{AR}}.<REF> Columns reproduced in Awano, pp.4–5 of {{CCN}} no.239. These are the earliest articles featuring the camera according to {{Kokusan}}, p.370. The column in ''[[Kohga Gekkan]]'' mentions an earlier US-made camera of the same name, and Awano speculates (on p.1) that this is a confusion with an earlier announcement of the Japanese camera in a US magazine, but this is most probably an allusion to the [[Universal]] Meteor. The column in {{AR}} says that the camera takes 16mm film, but that in ''[[Kohga Gekkan]]'' confirms the use of 17.5mm film, and this is merely a mistake. </REF> Advertisements appear in Japanese magazines from March 1948 to June 1949.<REF> {{Kokusan}}, p.370; Awano, p.1 of {{CCN}} no.239. </REF> Most mention an f/4.5 lens.<REF> F/4.5 lens: column in {{AR}} March 1948 reproduced in Awano, p.5 of {{CCN}} no.239, advertisement in {{AR}} October 1948 reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.200, advertisements in ''[[Kohga Gekkan]]'' December 1948 and January 1949 reproduced in Awano, p.6 of {{CCN}} no.239, and advertisement in {{AR}} February 1949 reproduced in this page. </REF> The name "Meteor" is spelled correctly in advertisements until late 1948, but all later advertisements have the name "Meteall" instead.<REF> The advertisement on p.6 of {{NSKT}} April 20, 1948, reproduced on p.84 of ''Hyaku-gō goto jūkai no kiroku'', and those in ''[[Kohga Gekkan]]'' May and December 1948, reproduced in Awano, pp.5–6 of {{CCN}} no.239, have "Meteor". The advertisements in {{AR}} October 1948, reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.200, in ''[[Kohga Gekkan]]'' January 1949, reproduced in Awano, p.6 of {{CCN}} no.239, and in {{AR}} February 1949, reproduced in this page, have "Meteall". Awano, p.1 of {{CCN}} no.239, says that the name appears as "Meteor" in {{AR}} until September 1948 and in ''[[Kohga Gekkan]]'' until December 1948, and as "Meteall" after that date. </REF> No actual camera has been observed with "Meteall" markings, and the newer spelling is thought to be a misprint, because "Meteall" and "Meteor" would be pronounced the same by a Japanese speaker. However the fact that this misprint lasted for six months and displaced the correct spelling (instead of the reverse) remains unexplained.<REF> This is commented in Awano, p.1 of {{CCN}} no.239. </REF>
 
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The camera is identified by the name ''Meteor'' engraved on the top housing. The shutter plate reads ''Meteor'' at the top and ''T.K.K'' at the bottom, with metal stripes on both sides. The self-cocking shutter is tripped by a lever on the right. It gives B, 1/25, 1/50 speeds, selected by a sliding button on the side of the casing, with ''B'', ''1'', ''2'' positions (position 1 is 1/25, position 2 is 1/50).
 
The camera is identified by the name ''Meteor'' engraved on the top housing. The shutter plate reads ''Meteor'' at the top and ''T.K.K'' at the bottom, with metal stripes on both sides. The self-cocking shutter is tripped by a lever on the right. It gives B, 1/25, 1/50 speeds, selected by a sliding button on the side of the casing, with ''B'', ''1'', ''2'' positions (position 1 is 1/25, position 2 is 1/50).
  
−
Variations are known in the lens rim. The regular examples have a plain bezel with no marking,<REF> Examples pictured in [http://www.submin.com/17.5mm/collection/meteor/index.htm this page at Submin.com]. </REF> as appears in all the advertising pictures observed so far. Some examples have a lens rim engraved ''Vestkam 1:4.5 F=25mm'' or ''Vestkam 1:3.5 F=20mm'', the same as on the later Vestkam.<REF> Examples pictured in Awano, {{CCN}} no.239. </REF> The mention of f/4.5 or f/3.5 aperture, either in the advertisements or on the lens markings, is misleading, and the actual aperture is reportedly close to f/9.<REF> Awano, p.1 of {{CCN}} no.239. </REF>
+
Variations are known in the lens rim. The regular examples have a plain bezel with no marking,<REF> Examples pictured in [http://www.submin.com/17.5mm/collection/meteor/index.htm this page at Submin.com]. </REF> as appears in all the advertising pictures observed so far. Some examples have a lens rim engraved ''Vestkam 1:4.5 F=25mm'' or ''Vestkam 1:3.5 F=20mm'', the same as on the later Vestkam, with no change at all in the lens itself.<REF> Examples pictured in Awano, {{CCN}} no.239. </REF> The mention of f/4.5 or f/3.5 aperture, either in the advertisements or on the lens markings, is misleading, and the actual aperture is reportedly close to f/9.<REF> Awano, p.1 of {{CCN}} no.239. </REF>
  
 
It is said that early examples of the Meteor have no pressure plate, whereas later cameras have both a pressure plate and a U-shaped metal insert to hold the supply spool.<REF> Awano, p.1 of {{CCN}} no.239. This is certainly based on the observation of the two examples pictured in the article, which have non-standard lens rims. </REF> At least some examples of the Meteor are engraved ''MADE IN OCCUPIED JAPAN'' on the bottom plate.<REF> Example pictured in [http://www.submin.com/17.5mm/collection/meteor/index.htm this page at Submin.com]. </REF>
 
It is said that early examples of the Meteor have no pressure plate, whereas later cameras have both a pressure plate and a U-shaped metal insert to hold the supply spool.<REF> Awano, p.1 of {{CCN}} no.239. This is certainly based on the observation of the two examples pictured in the article, which have non-standard lens rims. </REF> At least some examples of the Meteor are engraved ''MADE IN OCCUPIED JAPAN'' on the bottom plate.<REF> Example pictured in [http://www.submin.com/17.5mm/collection/meteor/index.htm this page at Submin.com]. </REF>
 +
 +
=== The Vestkam ===
 +
The '''Vestkam''' (ベストカム) was released in July 1949 as a successor of the Meteor.<REF> The earliest advertisements listed in {{Kokusan}}, p.363, are in {{AR}} and ''[[Kohga Gekkan]]'' July 1949. </REF> Advertisements mention an f/4.5 lens until spring 1950, and an f/3.5 lens later.<REF> F/4.5 lens: advertisement in ''[[Kohga Gekkan]]'' July 1949 reproduced in Awano, p.7 of {{CCN}} no.239, and advertisement in {{FAR}} December 1949, p.2, reproduced in this page. No mention: advertisement in {{ACA}} March 1950 reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.178, and advertisement in {{FAR}} May 1950, p.2, reproduced in this page. F/3.5 lens: advertisement in {{AR}} April 1950 reproduced in Awano, p.7 of {{CCN}} no.239. </REF>
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{| class="plainlinks" align="center" style="text-align: center;"
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|-
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|| [http://www.flickr.com/photos/rebollo_fr/2461967136/in/pool-camerapedia/ http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3210/2461967136_5acc9b6413_m_d.jpg] [http://www.flickr.com/photos/rebollo_fr/2770813318/in/pool-camerapedia/ http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3210/2770813318_c4aa0e5045_m_d.jpg]
 +
|-
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|| ''Advertisements in {{FAR}} December 1949 and May 1950. {{public domain Japan new}}''
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|}
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 +
The camera is identified by the name ''Vestkam'' inscribed on the top housing and on the shutter plate, instead of ''Meteor''. The speed selector now has clearly labeled ''B'', ''25'', ''50'' positions. No other difference from the Meteor is visible. The lens rim always has ''Vestkam 1:4.5 F=25mm'' or ''Vestkam 1:3.5 F=20mm'', again with no change at all in the lens itself. It is possible that the name was changed because of a conflict with the US company [[Universal]], which produced a Meteor camera at the same time, but this is a mere guess.
 +
 +
It seems that all the Vestkam have a pressure plate, whose incurved shape reflects that of the film path. It is said that the early Vestkam have a removable insert on the supply side, whereas later cameras have a spool holder hinged to the central part of the body.<REF> Awano, p.1 of {{CCN}} no.239. </REF> Most examples of the Vestkam, if not all, have ''MADE IN OCCUPIED JAPAN'' on the bottom plate. Some have the additional mention ''FOR AMERICAN HOME INDUSTRIES INC'', probably corresponding to the name of the US importer.<REF> Example pictured in [http://www.submin.com/17.5mm/collection/meteor/index.htm this page at Submin.com]. </REF>
 +
 +
=== The Epochs ===
 +
 +
== Dual finder model: the Beauty 14 ==
  
 
== Notes ==
 
== Notes ==
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== Bibliography ==
 
== Bibliography ==
−
* {{AR}}. Advertisement by [[Taiyōdō]] in February 1949, p.2.
+
* {{AR}}. Advertisement by [[Taiyōdō]] in February 1949 (p.2).
 
* {{Showa10}} Items 727, 802 and 959.
 
* {{Showa10}} Items 727, 802 and 959.
 
* Awano Mikio (粟野幹男). "Meteōru, Besutokamu, Epokkusu" (メテオール、ベストカム、エポックス, Meteor, Vestkam, Epochs). In {{CCN}} no.239 (May 1997). Nishinomiya: Camera Collectors News-sha.
 
* Awano Mikio (粟野幹男). "Meteōru, Besutokamu, Epokkusu" (メテオール、ベストカム、エポックス, Meteor, Vestkam, Epochs). In {{CCN}} no.239 (May 1997). Nishinomiya: Camera Collectors News-sha.
 
* {{McKeown12}} Pp.113 and 911–2.
 
* {{McKeown12}} Pp.113 and 911–2.
 
* {{NSKT1000}} Advertisement on p.84, corresponding to p.6 of the April 20, 1948 issue.
 
* {{NSKT1000}} Advertisement on p.84, corresponding to p.6 of the April 20, 1948 issue.
 +
* {{FAR}} Advertisements by [[Taiyōdō]] in December 1949 (p.2) and May 1950 (p.2).
 
* {{Pritchard}} Pp.77–9.
 
* {{Pritchard}} Pp.77–9.
 
* {{Zukan}} Items 5014, 5034, 5063 and 5155.
 
* {{Zukan}} Items 5014, 5034, 5063 and 5155.
Line 44: Line 62:
 
* [http://www.submin.com/17.5mm/collection/epochs/index.htm Epochs], [http://www.submin.com/17.5mm/collection/meteor/index.htm Meteor] and [http://www.submin.com/17.5mm/collection/vestkam/index.htm Vestkam] at [http://www.submin.com/ Submin.com] (the [http://www.submin.com/17.5mm/collection/beauty/index.htm page on the Beauty] shows a [[Spy 16 and Beauty 16|Beauty 16]])
 
* [http://www.submin.com/17.5mm/collection/epochs/index.htm Epochs], [http://www.submin.com/17.5mm/collection/meteor/index.htm Meteor] and [http://www.submin.com/17.5mm/collection/vestkam/index.htm Vestkam] at [http://www.submin.com/ Submin.com] (the [http://www.submin.com/17.5mm/collection/beauty/index.htm page on the Beauty] shows a [[Spy 16 and Beauty 16|Beauty 16]])
 
* Beauty 14, Epochs, Meteor and Vestkam among [http://www.subclub.org/shop/175mm.htm 17.5mm film cameras] at [http://www.subclub.org/ Subclub.org]
 
* Beauty 14, Epochs, Meteor and Vestkam among [http://www.subclub.org/shop/175mm.htm 17.5mm film cameras] at [http://www.subclub.org/ Subclub.org]
−
* [http://www.christies.com/LotFinder/lot_details.aspx?pos=6&intObjectID=4272848&sid= Vestkam], lot no.255 of [http://www.christies.com/LotFinder/searchresults.aspx?intSaleID=19127 sale no.9837 (May 7, 2004)] by [http://www.christies.com/ Christies]
+
* Past auctions by [http://www.christies.com/ Christies]:
 +
** [http://www.christies.com/LotFinder/lot_details.aspx?pos=6&intObjectID=4272848&sid= Vestkam], lot no.255 of [http://www.christies.com/LotFinder/searchresults.aspx?intSaleID=19127 sale no.9837 (May 7, 2004)]
 +
** [http://www.christies.com/LotFinder/lot_details.aspx?from=searchresults&intObjectID=4485181&sid=b7280375-6232-4cce-8fed-be9ef0f3ecac Meteor, Vestkam and Epochs], lot no.215 of [http://www.christies.com/LotFinder/searchresults.aspx?intSaleID=19828 sale no.5690 (May 6, 2005)]
 
* [http://www.geocities.com/mbarel.geo/vestkam.html Vestkam] in [http://www.geocities.com/mbarel.geo/ Moshe Bar-El's camera collection]
 
* [http://www.geocities.com/mbarel.geo/vestkam.html Vestkam] in [http://www.geocities.com/mbarel.geo/ Moshe Bar-El's camera collection]
 
* [http://members.tripod.com/Nigel_Richards/Submin/vestcam.htm Vestkam] in [http://members.tripod.com/Nigel_Richards/ Nigel Richards' website]
 
* [http://members.tripod.com/Nigel_Richards/Submin/vestcam.htm Vestkam] in [http://members.tripod.com/Nigel_Richards/ Nigel Richards' website]

Revision as of 14:42, 12 October 2008

This is a work in progress.
728345468_39f3637847_m.jpg
Vestkam by Rick Soloway. (Image rights)
Japanese subminiature
8mm film Camera "A" | Camera-Lite | Echo 8 | Kaitenkei
9.5mm film Doryu 1 | Fujica 8×11mm SLR | Yashica Atoron
16mm film Albert | Beauty 16 | Bell 16 | Bell Kamra | Binoca | Camera "B" | CM-16 | Cyclops | Dan 16 | Darling-16 | Doryu 2-16 | Fujica 16mm SLR | Gemmy | Glico Pistol | Konan-16 Automat | Mamiya 16 Automatic | Mica Automat | Micta | Minolta-16 | Minolta-16 EE | Minolta-16 EE II | Minolta-16 MG | Minolta-16 MG-S | Minolta-16 P | Minolta-16 Ps | Minolta 16 QT | Mycro Super 16 | Mykro Fine Color 16 | Nice | Nikon 16 | Poppy | Ramera | Ricoh 16 | Ricoreo 16 | Rubina | Rubix | Seiki 16 | Seiki 16 (pistol) | Shaty 16 | Sonocon 16 | Spy 16 | Steky | Golden Steky | Teleca | Viscawide-16 | Yashica Y16 | Yashica 16 EE | Zany | Zuman Super 16 | Zunow Z16
unknown Matchbox camera
17.5mm film Arrow | Baby Flex | Baby-Max | Barlux | Beauty 14 | Bell 14 | Blondy | Baby Colon | Comex | Corona | Croma Color 16 | Epochs | Fuji Kozet | Gamma | Gem 16 | Gemflex | Glico Lighter | Halmat | Hit | Hit-II | Hit-type | Hobby 16 | Homer No.1 | Homer 16 | Honey | Hope | Jenic | Kiku 16 | Kent | Kolt | Kute | Lovely | Mascot | Meteor | Micky | Midget | Mighty | Mini | Moment | Mycro | Myracle | Nikkobaby | Peace | Peace Baby Flex | Peace Small Lef | Pet | Petit | Petty | Prince 16-A | Prince Ruby | Robin | New Rocket | Rubina | Rubix | Saga 16 | Saica | Septon Pen | Sholy-Flex | Snappy | Spy-14 | Sun | Sun B | Sun 16 | Sweet 16 | Tacker | Takka | Tone | Top Camera | Toyoca 16 | Toyoca Ace | Tsubame | Vesta | Vista | Vestkam
20mm film Guzzi | Mycroflex | Top
round film Evarax | Petal | Sakura Petal | Star
unknown Hallow | Lyravit | Tsubasa
110 film see Japanese 110 film

The Meteor, Vestkam, Epochs and Beauty 14 are subminiature cameras taking 17.5mm film, made and distributed by Taiyōdō in the late 1940s and early 1950s. The Vestkam was perhaps imported in the US by American Home Industries Inc.

Description

All the models take ten 14×14mm exposures on 17.5mm film. They are better finished than the average Hit-type cameras, and have a much sleeker design. The viewfinder is contained in a clean top housing, covering the whole length of the camera. The advance knob is integrated at the left end (as seen by the photographer).

The back is hinged to the left for film loading, and is locked by a sliding bar on the right. It contains a single red window, protected by a sliding cover. The film plane is incurved to compensate the lens aberrations.

All the models have a fixed focus and aperture. The details of the lens engraving and shutter unit vary according to the models.

Single finder models

The Meteor

The Meteor (メテオール) was announced in the January 1948 issue of Kohga Gekkan and in the March 1948 issue of Ars Camera.[1] Advertisements appear in Japanese magazines from March 1948 to June 1949.[2] Most mention an f/4.5 lens.[3] The name "Meteor" is spelled correctly in advertisements until late 1948, but all later advertisements have the name "Meteall" instead.[4] No actual camera has been observed with "Meteall" markings, and the newer spelling is thought to be a misprint, because "Meteall" and "Meteor" would be pronounced the same by a Japanese speaker. However the fact that this misprint lasted for six months and displaced the correct spelling (instead of the reverse) remains unexplained.[5]

2459592816_4fbed01ba9_m_d.jpg
Advertisement in Ars Camera February 1949. (Image rights)

The camera is identified by the name Meteor engraved on the top housing. The shutter plate reads Meteor at the top and T.K.K at the bottom, with metal stripes on both sides. The self-cocking shutter is tripped by a lever on the right. It gives B, 1/25, 1/50 speeds, selected by a sliding button on the side of the casing, with B, 1, 2 positions (position 1 is 1/25, position 2 is 1/50).

Variations are known in the lens rim. The regular examples have a plain bezel with no marking,[6] as appears in all the advertising pictures observed so far. Some examples have a lens rim engraved Vestkam 1:4.5 F=25mm or Vestkam 1:3.5 F=20mm, the same as on the later Vestkam, with no change at all in the lens itself.[7] The mention of f/4.5 or f/3.5 aperture, either in the advertisements or on the lens markings, is misleading, and the actual aperture is reportedly close to f/9.[8]

It is said that early examples of the Meteor have no pressure plate, whereas later cameras have both a pressure plate and a U-shaped metal insert to hold the supply spool.[9] At least some examples of the Meteor are engraved MADE IN OCCUPIED JAPAN on the bottom plate.[10]

The Vestkam

The Vestkam (ベストカム) was released in July 1949 as a successor of the Meteor.[11] Advertisements mention an f/4.5 lens until spring 1950, and an f/3.5 lens later.[12]

2461967136_5acc9b6413_m_d.jpg 2770813318_c4aa0e5045_m_d.jpg
Advertisements in Photo Art December 1949 and May 1950. (Image rights)

The camera is identified by the name Vestkam inscribed on the top housing and on the shutter plate, instead of Meteor. The speed selector now has clearly labeled B, 25, 50 positions. No other difference from the Meteor is visible. The lens rim always has Vestkam 1:4.5 F=25mm or Vestkam 1:3.5 F=20mm, again with no change at all in the lens itself. It is possible that the name was changed because of a conflict with the US company Universal, which produced a Meteor camera at the same time, but this is a mere guess.

It seems that all the Vestkam have a pressure plate, whose incurved shape reflects that of the film path. It is said that the early Vestkam have a removable insert on the supply side, whereas later cameras have a spool holder hinged to the central part of the body.[13] Most examples of the Vestkam, if not all, have MADE IN OCCUPIED JAPAN on the bottom plate. Some have the additional mention FOR AMERICAN HOME INDUSTRIES INC, probably corresponding to the name of the US importer.[14]

The Epochs

Dual finder model: the Beauty 14

Notes

  1. ↑ Columns reproduced in Awano, pp.4–5 of Camera Collectors' News no.239. These are the earliest articles featuring the camera according to Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p.370. The column in Kohga Gekkan mentions an earlier US-made camera of the same name, and Awano speculates (on p.1) that this is a confusion with an earlier announcement of the Japanese camera in a US magazine, but this is most probably an allusion to the Universal Meteor. The column in Ars Camera says that the camera takes 16mm film, but that in Kohga Gekkan confirms the use of 17.5mm film, and this is merely a mistake.
  2. ↑ Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p.370; Awano, p.1 of Camera Collectors' News no.239.
  3. ↑ F/4.5 lens: column in Ars Camera March 1948 reproduced in Awano, p.5 of Camera Collectors' News no.239, advertisement in Ars Camera October 1948 reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p.200, advertisements in Kohga Gekkan December 1948 and January 1949 reproduced in Awano, p.6 of Camera Collectors' News no.239, and advertisement in Ars Camera February 1949 reproduced in this page.
  4. ↑ The advertisement on p.6 of Nihon Shashin Kōgyō Tsūshin April 20, 1948, reproduced on p.84 of Hyaku-gō goto jūkai no kiroku, and those in Kohga Gekkan May and December 1948, reproduced in Awano, pp.5–6 of Camera Collectors' News no.239, have "Meteor". The advertisements in Ars Camera October 1948, reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p.200, in Kohga Gekkan January 1949, reproduced in Awano, p.6 of Camera Collectors' News no.239, and in Ars Camera February 1949, reproduced in this page, have "Meteall". Awano, p.1 of Camera Collectors' News no.239, says that the name appears as "Meteor" in Ars Camera until September 1948 and in Kohga Gekkan until December 1948, and as "Meteall" after that date.
  5. ↑ This is commented in Awano, p.1 of Camera Collectors' News no.239.
  6. ↑ Examples pictured in this page at Submin.com.
  7. ↑ Examples pictured in Awano, Camera Collectors' News no.239.
  8. ↑ Awano, p.1 of Camera Collectors' News no.239.
  9. ↑ Awano, p.1 of Camera Collectors' News no.239. This is certainly based on the observation of the two examples pictured in the article, which have non-standard lens rims.
  10. ↑ Example pictured in this page at Submin.com.
  11. ↑ The earliest advertisements listed in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p.363, are in Ars Camera and Kohga Gekkan July 1949.
  12. ↑ F/4.5 lens: advertisement in Kohga Gekkan July 1949 reproduced in Awano, p.7 of Camera Collectors' News no.239, and advertisement in Photo Art December 1949, p.2, reproduced in this page. No mention: advertisement in Asahi Camera March 1950 reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p.178, and advertisement in Photo Art May 1950, p.2, reproduced in this page. F/3.5 lens: advertisement in Ars Camera April 1950 reproduced in Awano, p.7 of Camera Collectors' News no.239.
  13. ↑ Awano, p.1 of Camera Collectors' News no.239.
  14. ↑ Example pictured in this page at Submin.com.

Bibliography

  • Ars Camera. Advertisement by Taiyōdō in February 1949 (p.2).
  • Asahi Camera (アサヒカメラ) editorial staff. Shōwa 10–40nen kōkoku ni miru kokusan kamera no rekishi (昭和10–40年広告にみる国産カメラの歴史, Japanese camera history as seen in advertisements, 1935–1965). Tokyo: Asahi Shinbunsha, 1994. ISBN 4-02-330312-7. Items 727, 802 and 959.
  • Awano Mikio (粟野幹男). "Meteōru, Besutokamu, Epokkusu" (メテオール、ベストカム、エポックス, Meteor, Vestkam, Epochs). In Camera Collectors' News no.239 (May 1997). Nishinomiya: Camera Collectors News-sha.
  • McKeown, James M. and Joan C. McKeown's Price Guide to Antique and Classic Cameras, 12th Edition, 2005-2006. USA, Centennial Photo Service, 2004. ISBN 0-931838-40-1 (hardcover). ISBN 0-931838-41-X (softcover). Pp.113 and 911–2.
  • Nihon Shashin Kōgyō Tsūshin (日本写真興業通信). Hyaku-gō goto jūkai no kiroku (百号ごと十回の記録, Ten records, every hundred issues). Tokyo: Nihon Shashin Kōgyō Tsūshin Sha (日本写真興業通信社), 1967. No ISBN number. Advertisement on p.84, corresponding to p.6 of the April 20, 1948 issue.
  • Photo Art Advertisements by Taiyōdō in December 1949 (p.2) and May 1950 (p.2).
  • Pritchard, Michael and St. Denny, Douglas. Spy Cameras — A century of detective and subminiature cameras. London: Classic Collection Publications, 1993. ISBN 1-874485-00-3. Pp.77–9.
  • Sugiyama, Kōichi (杉山浩一); Naoi, Hiroaki (直井浩明); Bullock, John R. The Collector's Guide to Japanese Cameras. 国産カメラ図鑑 (Kokusan kamera zukan). Tokyo: Asahi Sonorama, 1985. ISBN 4-257-03187-5. Items 5014, 5034, 5063 and 5155.

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