Difference between revisions of "Tessar"
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
|image_align=right | |image_align=right | ||
|image_text=original Tessar from [[Zeiss]] collection | |image_text=original Tessar from [[Zeiss]] collection | ||
| − | }} | + | }}The '''Tessar''' is a camera [[lens]] designed by Dr. Paul Rudolph, working for the [[Carl Zeiss]] Jena company, in 1902. It is normally used as a standard lens, and versions of it have been fitted to many millions of cameras. |
| − | The '''Tessar''' is a camera [[lens]] designed by Dr. Paul Rudolph, working for the [[Carl Zeiss]] Jena company, in 1902. It is normally used as a standard lens, and versions of it have been fitted to many millions of cameras. | ||
The design consists of four elements in three groups; the front element is positive, bi-convex (with the rear almost flat), the central a negative bi-concave and, following an aperture, at the rear is a cemented doublet of plano-concave and a bi-convex elements. Though often referred to as a "modified [[Cooke]] triplet", the Tessar is actually a development of Rudolph's 1899 Unar (4 element in 4 groups) lens, itself a development of Rudolph's 1890 Zeiss Anastigmat (4 elements in 2 groups) lens. | The design consists of four elements in three groups; the front element is positive, bi-convex (with the rear almost flat), the central a negative bi-concave and, following an aperture, at the rear is a cemented doublet of plano-concave and a bi-convex elements. Though often referred to as a "modified [[Cooke]] triplet", the Tessar is actually a development of Rudolph's 1899 Unar (4 element in 4 groups) lens, itself a development of Rudolph's 1890 Zeiss Anastigmat (4 elements in 2 groups) lens. | ||
| + | |||
| + | <br style="clear:right"/> | ||
| + | {{Flickr_image | ||
| + | |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/24225011@N04/2763351439/in/pool-camerapedia/ | ||
| + | |image= http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3177/2763351439_b1d7644715_m.jpg | ||
| + | |image_align=right | ||
| + | |image_text=Cross-section of a 50mm f2.8 Tessar,<br>with front element on the left.<BR>(for 35mm, [[M42]] fitting) | ||
| + | }} | ||
{{Flickr_image | {{Flickr_image | ||
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/89864432@N00/1657168778/in/pool-camerapedia | |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/89864432@N00/1657168778/in/pool-camerapedia | ||
| Line 13: | Line 20: | ||
|image_align= left | |image_align= left | ||
|image_text= Cut-away diagram of a Tessar | |image_text= Cut-away diagram of a Tessar | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
}} | }} | ||
| + | |||
The original design had a maximum aperture of f/6.3, but the developments in design allowed f/2.8 by 1930. | The original design had a maximum aperture of f/6.3, but the developments in design allowed f/2.8 by 1930. | ||
| Line 25: | Line 27: | ||
The Tessar design has been widely copied by nearly all major optics companies. | The Tessar design has been widely copied by nearly all major optics companies. | ||
| + | |||
| + | <br style="clear:left" /><br/> | ||
A very partial list includes: | A very partial list includes: | ||
| Line 34: | Line 38: | ||
* [[Dallmeyer]] Dalmac, Perfac, Serrac | * [[Dallmeyer]] Dalmac, Perfac, Serrac | ||
* [[Ernemann]] Ernon | * [[Ernemann]] Ernon | ||
| + | {{Flickr_image | ||
| + | |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/nesster/4356261367/in/pool-camerapedia | ||
| + | |image= http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4006/4356261367_08be76da8e_m.jpg | ||
| + | |image_align=right | ||
| + | |image_text=Tessar Series 1c Pat Feb 24, 1903<BR>made by [[Bausch & Lomb]] | ||
| + | }} | ||
* [[FED]]/[[KMZ]] [[Industar]] | * [[FED]]/[[KMZ]] [[Industar]] | ||
* [[Ilex]] Paragon | * [[Ilex]] Paragon | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
* [[Kodak]] Ektar | * [[Kodak]] Ektar | ||
* [[Konica]] Macro-Hexanon AR 55 mm f/3.5 | * [[Konica]] Macro-Hexanon AR 55 mm f/3.5 | ||
| Line 55: | Line 59: | ||
* [[Rodenstock]] Ysar, Rogonar | * [[Rodenstock]] Ysar, Rogonar | ||
* [[Ross]] Xtralux | * [[Ross]] Xtralux | ||
| + | {{Flickr_image | ||
| + | |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/mario_groleau/2986071602/in/pool-camerapedia | ||
| + | |image= http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3039/2986071602_09b0711135_m.jpg | ||
| + | |image_align= right | ||
| + | |image_text= Tessar on [[Ikonta]] | ||
| + | }} | ||
* Ross Tessar (under license) | * Ross Tessar (under license) | ||
* [[Schneider]] Xenar, Comparon | * [[Schneider]] Xenar, Comparon | ||
| Line 61: | Line 71: | ||
* [[Wollensak]] Raptar | * [[Wollensak]] Raptar | ||
* [[Yashica]] Yashinon TLR | * [[Yashica]] Yashinon TLR | ||
| − | + | {{br}} | |
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
| + | {{Flickr_image | ||
| + | |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/89864432@N00/5074423595/in/pool-schwetzingen | ||
| + | |image= http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4008/5074423595_be323d8512.jpg | ||
| + | |image_align= right | ||
| + | |image_text= imaging sample, Tessar on [[Belca Beltica]] | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | ===Books=== | ||
* Rudolf Kingslake, ''A History of the Photographic Lens'', Academic Press, 1989 | * Rudolf Kingslake, ''A History of the Photographic Lens'', Academic Press, 1989 | ||
| − | + | ===Links=== | |
| − | == Links == | ||
* [http://oomz.net/tessar/ How to clean or repair a 50mm f2.8 Tessar, by Michel Pollet] | * [http://oomz.net/tessar/ How to clean or repair a 50mm f2.8 Tessar, by Michel Pollet] | ||
Revision as of 20:37, 12 October 2010
|
| original Tessar from Zeiss collection |
The Tessar is a camera lens designed by Dr. Paul Rudolph, working for the Carl Zeiss Jena company, in 1902. It is normally used as a standard lens, and versions of it have been fitted to many millions of cameras.
The design consists of four elements in three groups; the front element is positive, bi-convex (with the rear almost flat), the central a negative bi-concave and, following an aperture, at the rear is a cemented doublet of plano-concave and a bi-convex elements. Though often referred to as a "modified Cooke triplet", the Tessar is actually a development of Rudolph's 1899 Unar (4 element in 4 groups) lens, itself a development of Rudolph's 1890 Zeiss Anastigmat (4 elements in 2 groups) lens.
|
| Cross-section of a 50mm f2.8 Tessar, with front element on the left. (for 35mm, M42 fitting) |
|
| Cut-away diagram of a Tessar |
The original design had a maximum aperture of f/6.3, but the developments in design allowed f/2.8 by 1930.
In addition to production by Carl Zeiss, the Tessar name and design (under license) was used in the production of numerous lenses by Bausch & Lomb (Rochester), Ross (London) and Krauss (Paris).
The Tessar design has been widely copied by nearly all major optics companies.
A very partial list includes:
- Agfa Solinar
- Asahi/Pentax Macro-Takumar 50mm f/4
- Bausch & Lomb Tessar (under license)
- Canon 38mm FLP, 50mm f/2.8 and f/3.5 RF lenses, 50mm FL f/3.5
- Dallmeyer Dalmac, Perfac, Serrac
- Ernemann Ernon
|
| Tessar Series 1c Pat Feb 24, 1903 made by Bausch & Lomb |
- FED/KMZ Industar
- Ilex Paragon
- Kodak Ektar
- Konica Macro-Hexanon AR 55 mm f/3.5
- Krauss-Zeiss Tessar (under license)
- Leitz Elmar
- Mamiya Press lenses - 100mm f/3.5, 127mm f/4.7, 150mm f/5.6
- Meyer Primotar
- Minolta Rokkor TLR
- Minox Minoxar
- Nikon 45mm GN Nikkor, El-Nikkor 50mm f/4
- Olympus in many of their compact cameras including the Trip 35 (40mm f/2.8) and mju series.
- Plaubel Anticomar
- Rodenstock Ysar, Rogonar
- Ross Xtralux
|
| Tessar on Ikonta |
- Ross Tessar (under license)
- Schneider Xenar, Comparon
- Taylor & Hobson Apotal, Ental
- Voigtlander Heliostigmat, Skopar
- Wollensak Raptar
- Yashica Yashinon TLR
Sources
|
| imaging sample, Tessar on Belca Beltica |
Books
- Rudolf Kingslake, A History of the Photographic Lens, Academic Press, 1989
