Difference between revisions of "Picny"

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|image=[http://www.flickr.com/photos/rebollo_fr/314253366/in/pool-camerapedia/ http://static.flickr.com/99/314253366_7056ed06ca_m_d.jpg]<br />''Picture courtesy of eBayer tuiteka. {{with permission}}''
 
|image=[http://www.flickr.com/photos/rebollo_fr/314253366/in/pool-camerapedia/ http://static.flickr.com/99/314253366_7056ed06ca_m_d.jpg]<br />''Picture courtesy of eBayer tuiteka. {{with permission}}''
 
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The '''Picny''' (ピクニー) is a Japanese camera taking sixteen 24&times;36mm exposures on [[127 film]], made by [[Miyagawa|Miyagawa Seisakusho]]<REF> 24&times;36mm picture size: "Picny kamera no jōzuna tsukaikata" article in ''[[Asahi Camera]]'' April 1936, reproduced in Awano, pp.&nbsp;7&ndash;8 of {{CCN}} no.&nbsp;332. Made by Miyagawa: {{Inquiry1943_short}}, item 164, confirmed by an advertisement dated September 1947 for the [[Picny B]], reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;162, stating that Miyagawa Seisakusho was the maker of the earlier Picny and [[Boltax]]. </REF> and distributed by the [[Mitsukoshi]] department store. It was introduced in 1935 and advertised at least until 1940.<REF> Dates: {{Kokusan}} mentions advertisements dated 1935 to 1938 but the [http://kyoto.cool.ne.jp/syasinsyuu/index.htm Gochamaze website] reproduces advertisements dated as late as 1940. [http://sts.kahaku.go.jp/sts/detail.php?id=1033&key=103310371045&APage=51935 This page of the JCII] gives October 1935 as the release month but Lewis, p.&nbsp;51, says 1934. </REF>
+
The '''Picny''' (ピクニー) is a Japanese camera taking sixteen 24&times;36mm exposures on [[127 film]], made by [[Miyagawa|Miyagawa Seisakusho]]<REF> 24&times;36mm picture size: "Picny kamera no jōzuna tsukaikata" article in ''[[Asahi Camera]]'' April 1936, reproduced in Awano, pp.7&ndash;8 of {{CCN}} no.332. Made by Miyagawa: {{Inquiry1943_short}}, item 164, confirmed by an advertisement dated September 1947 for the [[Picny B]], reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.162, stating that Miyagawa Seisakusho was the maker of the earlier Picny and [[Boltax]]. </REF> and distributed by the [[Mitsukoshi]] department store. It was introduced in 1935 and advertised at least until 1940.<REF> Dates: {{Kokusan}} mentions advertisements dated 1935 to 1938 but the [http://kyoto.cool.ne.jp/syasinsyuu/index.htm Gochamaze website] reproduces advertisements dated as late as 1940. [http://sts.kahaku.go.jp/sts/detail.php?id=1033&key=103310371045&APage=51935 This page of the JCII] gives October 1935 as the release month but Lewis, p.51, says 1934. </REF>
 +
 
 +
''See also the [[Picny 35 and Royal 35|Picny 35]].''
  
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
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|| [http://www.flickr.com/photos/rebollo_fr/314253368/in/pool-camerapedia/ http://static.flickr.com/112/314253368_da782de409_m_d.jpg]<br><small>''Picture courtesy of eBayer tuiteka. {{with permission}}''</small>
 
|| [http://www.flickr.com/photos/rebollo_fr/314253368/in/pool-camerapedia/ http://static.flickr.com/112/314253368_da782de409_m_d.jpg]<br><small>''Picture courtesy of eBayer tuiteka. {{with permission}}''</small>
 
|}
 
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The top plate supports the advance knob at the right end, a key to open the camera, a tubular optical finder offset to the left and a screw thread to store 20mm filters at the left end. This filter holder was protected by the Japanese patent no.&nbsp;233457.<REF> Advertisements reproduced in Awano, p.&nbsp;10 of {{CCN}} no.&nbsp;332 and in {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;85. </REF>
+
The top plate supports the advance knob at the right end, a key to open the camera, a tubular optical finder offset to the left and a screw thread to store 20mm filters at the left end. This filter holder was protected by the Japanese patent no.233457.<REF> Advertisements reproduced in Awano, p.10 of {{CCN}} no.332 and in {{Kokusan}}, p.85. </REF>
  
 
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<br><small>''Picture courtesy of eBayer tuiteka. {{with permission}}''</small>
 
<br><small>''Picture courtesy of eBayer tuiteka. {{with permission}}''</small>
 
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</div>
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Film loading is through the top plate, in the same spirit as the bottom loading of the Leica screw models. On the original model, film advance is controlled by two uncovered red windows in the back but the case has a hinged metal plate acting as a red window cover when it is closed. This case was protected by the Japanese patent no.&nbsp;229066.<REF> Advertisement reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;85. </REF>
+
Film loading is through the top plate, in the same spirit as the bottom loading of the Leica screw models. On the original model, film advance is controlled by two uncovered red windows in the back but the case has a hinged metal plate acting as a red window cover when it is closed. This case was protected by the Japanese patent no.229066.<REF> Advertisement reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.85. </REF>
  
 
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The bottom plate has a tripod thread and two round discs corresponding to the film spools. The serial number is engraved in one of them.
 
The bottom plate has a tripod thread and two round discs corresponding to the film spools. The serial number is engraved in one of them.
  
−
The shutter is unmarked. It is cocked by a lever on the top and tripped by another lever. It gives T, B, 25, 50, 75, 100 speeds and it was made by Miyagawa itself and protected by the Japanese patent no.&nbsp;206258.<REF> Made by Miyagawa: {{Inquiry1943_short}}, shutter item 12-V-3. Patent number: Advertisements reproduced in Awano, {{CCN}} no.&nbsp;332, in {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;85 and in the [http://kyoto.cool.ne.jp/syasinsyuu/index.htm Gochamaze website]. </REF>
+
The shutter is unmarked. It is cocked by a lever on the top and tripped by another lever. It gives T, B, 25, 50, 75, 100 speeds and it was made by Miyagawa itself and protected by the Japanese patent no.206258.<REF> Made by Miyagawa: {{Inquiry1943_short}}, shutter item 12-V-3. Patent number: Advertisements reproduced in Awano, {{CCN}} no.332, in {{Kokusan}}, p.85 and in the [http://kyoto.cool.ne.jp/syasinsyuu/index.htm Gochamaze website]. </REF>
  
−
The lens is a four-element Picny Anastigmat 40mm f/4.5 made by [[Fujita Kōgaku Kikai]].<REF> Four elements, made by Fujita Kōgaku Kikai: {{Inquiry1943_short}}, lens item I4. </REF> The lens name ''Picny anastigmat 1:4.5 F=40mm'' is engraved in the same plate as the shutter speeds, and no lens number is given. The 40mm focal length gives a moderate wide-angle effect, touted at the time as one of the camera's prominent features.<REF> "Picny kamera no jōzuna tsukaikata" article in ''[[Asahi Camera]]'' April 1936, reproduced in Awano, pp.&nbsp;7&ndash;8 of {{CCN}} no.&nbsp;332. See also the advertisements reproduced in Awano, {{CCN}} no.&nbsp;332, in {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;85 and in the [http://kyoto.cool.ne.jp/syasinsyuu/index.htm Gochamaze website]. </REF> The adoption of the 24&times;36mm picture format instead of 3&times;4cm is probably explained by the insufficient coverage of the lens.
+
The lens is a four-element Picny Anastigmat 40mm f/4.5 made by [[Fujita Kōgaku Kikai]].<REF> Four elements, made by Fujita Kōgaku Kikai: {{Inquiry1943_short}}, lens item I4. </REF> The lens name ''Picny anastigmat 1:4.5 F=40mm'' is engraved in the same plate as the shutter speeds, and no lens number is given. The 40mm focal length gives a moderate wide-angle effect, touted at the time as one of the camera's prominent features.<REF> "Picny kamera no jōzuna tsukaikata" article in ''[[Asahi Camera]]'' April 1936, reproduced in Awano, pp.7&ndash;8 of {{CCN}} no.332. See also the advertisements reproduced in Awano, {{CCN}} no.332, in {{Kokusan}}, p.85 and in the [http://kyoto.cool.ne.jp/syasinsyuu/index.htm Gochamaze website]. </REF> The adoption of the 24&times;36mm picture format instead of 3&times;4cm is probably explained by the insufficient coverage of the lens.
  
 
== Evolution ==
 
== Evolution ==
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| colspan="3" |''Black Picny n°1131, f/4.5 lens.''<br>''Pictures courtesy of eBayer tuiteka. {{with permission}}''
 
| colspan="3" |''Black Picny n°1131, f/4.5 lens.''<br>''Pictures courtesy of eBayer tuiteka. {{with permission}}''
 
|}
 
|}
−
The '''original Picny''' was sold in black finish.<REF> Sugiyama, item 3046, says that the black model came later in 1940 but this is a mistake. </REF> It was featured in the October 1935 issue of ''[[Asahi Camera]].''<REF> Article reproduced in Awano, p.&nbsp;5 of {{CCN}} no.&nbsp;332. </REF> Advertisements dated October 1935, April 1936, February, March and August 1937<REF> Advertisements published in ''[[Asahi Camera]]'' October 1935, April 1936 and February 1937 reproduced in Awano, pp.&nbsp;5, 6 and 9 of {{CCN}} no.&nbsp;332. [http://syasinsyuu.cool.ne.jp/camera/syasinki9.jpg Advertisement] published in ''[[Asahi Graph]]'' 24 March 1937, reproduced in the [http://kyoto.cool.ne.jp/syasinsyuu/index.htm Gochamaze website]. Advertisement published in ''[[Asahi Camera]]'' August 1937, reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;85. </REF> offered the camera for {{yen|48.80|1937}}, case included (a Picny lens hood was available for &yen;1.20 in the March and August 1937 advertisements). The distributor was the camera counter of the [[Mitsukoshi]] department store (三越写真機売場, Mitsukoshi Shashinki Uriba). In advertisements dated February and August 1938,<REF> [http://syasinsyuu.cool.ne.jp/camera/syasinki9.jpg Advertisement] published in ''[[Asahi Graph]]'' 2 February 1938, reproduced in the [http://kyoto.cool.ne.jp/syasinsyuu/index.htm Gochamaze website]. Advertisement published in ''[[Asahi Camera]]'' August 1938, reproduced in Awano, p.&nbsp;10 of {{CCN}} no.&nbsp;332. </REF> the price was {{yen|58|1938}} and the following accessories were listed:
+
The '''original Picny''' was sold in black finish.<REF> Sugiyama, item 3046, says that the black model came later in 1940 but this is a mistake. </REF> It was featured in the October 1935 issue of ''[[Asahi Camera]].''<REF> Article reproduced in Awano, p.5 of {{CCN}} no.332. </REF> Advertisements dated October 1935, April 1936, February, March and August 1937<REF> Advertisements published in ''[[Asahi Camera]]'' October 1935, April 1936 and February 1937 reproduced in Awano, pp.5, 6 and 9 of {{CCN}} no.332. [http://syasinsyuu.cool.ne.jp/camera/syasinki9.jpg Advertisement] published in ''[[Asahi Graph]]'' 24 March 1937, reproduced in the [http://kyoto.cool.ne.jp/syasinsyuu/index.htm Gochamaze website]. Advertisement published in ''[[Asahi Camera]]'' August 1937, reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.85. </REF> offered the camera for {{yen|48.80|1937}}, case included (a Picny lens hood was available for &yen;1.20 in the March and August 1937 advertisements). The distributor was the camera counter of the [[Mitsukoshi]] department store (三越写真機売場, Mitsukoshi Shashinki Uriba). In advertisements dated February and August 1938,<REF> [http://syasinsyuu.cool.ne.jp/camera/syasinki9.jpg Advertisement] published in ''[[Asahi Graph]]'' 2 February 1938, reproduced in the [http://kyoto.cool.ne.jp/syasinsyuu/index.htm Gochamaze website]. Advertisement published in ''[[Asahi Camera]]'' August 1938, reproduced in Awano, p.10 of {{CCN}} no.332. </REF> the price was {{yen|58|1938}} and the following accessories were listed:
 
* lens cap (&yen;0.20);
 
* lens cap (&yen;0.20);
 
* filter holder (&yen;1.20);
 
* filter holder (&yen;1.20);
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* new construction allowing easier film loading.
 
* new construction allowing easier film loading.
  
−
The Picny E has a bulged back, certainly making film loading easier. The rear lid of the top plate is modified accordingly, and the telescopic tube is pulled out a little less because the film plane has moved backwards.<REF> Telescopic tube modification: Awano, p.&nbsp;2 of {{CCN}} no.&nbsp;332. </REF> An example of the Picny E is pictured in Awano, with a single red window in the back, on the middle left, protected by a horizontally sliding cover.<REF> Awano, p.&nbsp;3 of {{CCN}} no.&nbsp;332. </REF> It is not known how the camera could take 16 exposures in 3&times;4cm format with a single red window. Perhaps the film rolls made in Japan at the time had a series of numbers going from 1 to 16.
+
The Picny E has a bulged back, certainly making film loading easier. The rear lid of the top plate is modified accordingly, and the telescopic tube is pulled out a little less because the film plane has moved backwards.<REF> Telescopic tube modification: Awano, p.2 of {{CCN}} no.332. </REF> An example of the Picny E is pictured in Awano, with a single red window in the back, on the middle left, protected by a horizontally sliding cover.<REF> Awano, p.3 of {{CCN}} no.332. </REF> It is not known how the camera could take 16 exposures in 3&times;4cm format with a single red window. Perhaps the film rolls made in Japan at the time had a series of numbers going from 1 to 16.
  
 
The Picny was listed in the list of set prices compiled in October 1940 and published in January 1941, under the names "Picny" (&yen;60), "Picny II" (&yen;60) and "Picny III" (&yen;77), with no further details.<REF> {{Kakaku1940_short}}, type 1, sections 5 and 7. </REF> It is probable that the Picny and Picny II correspond to the black and nickel models respectively, and that the Picny III corresponds to the Picny E. It is not sure that these names were actually used in advertising.
 
The Picny was listed in the list of set prices compiled in October 1940 and published in January 1941, under the names "Picny" (&yen;60), "Picny II" (&yen;60) and "Picny III" (&yen;77), with no further details.<REF> {{Kakaku1940_short}}, type 1, sections 5 and 7. </REF> It is probable that the Picny and Picny II correspond to the black and nickel models respectively, and that the Picny III corresponds to the Picny E. It is not sure that these names were actually used in advertising.
Line 88: Line 90:
  
 
== Bibliography ==
 
== Bibliography ==
−
* {{Showa10}} Item 192. (See also the pictures on pp.&nbsp;11 and 471.)
+
* {{Showa10}} Item 192. (See also the pictures on pp.11 and 471.)
−
* Awano Mikio (粟野幹男). "Picny" (ピクニー). In {{CCN}} no.&nbsp;332 (February 2005). Nishinomiya: Camera Collectors News-sha.
+
* Awano Mikio (粟野幹男). "Picny" (ピクニー). In {{CCN}} no.332 (February 2005). Nishinomiya: Camera Collectors News-sha.
 
* {{Inquiry1943}} Item 164.
 
* {{Inquiry1943}} Item 164.
 
* {{Kakaku1940}} Type 1, sections 5 and 7.
 
* {{Kakaku1940}} Type 1, sections 5 and 7.
−
* {{Lewis}} P.&nbsp;51.
+
* {{Lewis}} P.51.
−
* {{McKeown12}} P.&nbsp;692.
+
* {{McKeown12}} P.692.
 
* {{Zukan}} Items 3045&ndash;6.
 
* {{Zukan}} Items 3045&ndash;6.
  

Revision as of 13:22, 23 December 2007

314253366_7056ed06ca_m_d.jpg
Picture courtesy of eBayer tuiteka. (Image rights)
Japanese Baby (3×4) and Four (4×4) (edit)
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The Picny (ピクニー) is a Japanese camera taking sixteen 24×36mm exposures on 127 film, made by Miyagawa Seisakusho[1] and distributed by the Mitsukoshi department store. It was introduced in 1935 and advertised at least until 1940.[2]

See also the Picny 35.

Description

The Picny is closely inspired from the Gewirette by Wirgin, even if some enthusiastic dealers describe it as a Leica copy. It inspired other Japanese copies of the Gewirette, like the Gelto.

314253375_38d6123e13_m_d.jpg
Picture courtesy of eBayer tuiteka. (Image rights)

The body of the Picny seems to be made out of a metal tube (like the body of the Leica screw models up to the IIIb). The lens and shutter assembly is collapsible and is mounted on a helical, focusing down to 1/3 metre.

314253368_da782de409_m_d.jpg
Picture courtesy of eBayer tuiteka. (Image rights)

The top plate supports the advance knob at the right end, a key to open the camera, a tubular optical finder offset to the left and a screw thread to store 20mm filters at the left end. This filter holder was protected by the Japanese patent no.233457.[3]

341325780_c43e3c9777_t_d.jpg 314253370_3c0a176e21_t_d.jpg
Picture courtesy of eBayer tuiteka. (Image rights)

Film loading is through the top plate, in the same spirit as the bottom loading of the Leica screw models. On the original model, film advance is controlled by two uncovered red windows in the back but the case has a hinged metal plate acting as a red window cover when it is closed. This case was protected by the Japanese patent no.229066.[4]

341313337_1ece1b2f3c_m_d.jpg
Picture courtesy of eBayer tuiteka. (Image rights)

The bottom plate has a tripod thread and two round discs corresponding to the film spools. The serial number is engraved in one of them.

The shutter is unmarked. It is cocked by a lever on the top and tripped by another lever. It gives T, B, 25, 50, 75, 100 speeds and it was made by Miyagawa itself and protected by the Japanese patent no.206258.[5]

The lens is a four-element Picny Anastigmat 40mm f/4.5 made by Fujita Kōgaku Kikai.[6] The lens name Picny anastigmat 1:4.5 F=40mm is engraved in the same plate as the shutter speeds, and no lens number is given. The 40mm focal length gives a moderate wide-angle effect, touted at the time as one of the camera's prominent features.[7] The adoption of the 24×36mm picture format instead of 3×4cm is probably explained by the insufficient coverage of the lens.

Evolution

Original black model

314253366_7056ed06ca_m_d.jpg 314253370_3c0a176e21_m_d.jpg 314253368_da782de409_t_d.jpg 341325780_c43e3c9777_t_d.jpg
314253369_adaaf16ec1_t_d.jpg 314253375_38d6123e13_t_d.jpg
Black Picny n°1131, f/4.5 lens.
Pictures courtesy of eBayer tuiteka. (Image rights)

The original Picny was sold in black finish.[8] It was featured in the October 1935 issue of Asahi Camera.[9] Advertisements dated October 1935, April 1936, February, March and August 1937[10] offered the camera for ¥48.80, case included (a Picny lens hood was available for ¥1.20 in the March and August 1937 advertisements). The distributor was the camera counter of the Mitsukoshi department store (三越写真機売場, Mitsukoshi Shashinki Uriba). In advertisements dated February and August 1938,[11] the price was ¥58 and the following accessories were listed:

  • lens cap (¥0.20);
  • filter holder (¥1.20);
  • lens hood (¥1.50);
  • ever ready case (¥3.60);
  • case screw (¥0.35);
  • Picny album (¥1.50).

The August 1938 advertisement was inserted by the authorized dealer Yamashita Yūjirō Shōten and shows the name "Picny Camera Works" (ピクニーカメラウオークス) but this is only a name used for advertising purpose and was not the name of any particular company.

Nickel finish

358496464_ffb40ccc96_m_d.jpg 358496467_3c1881c277_m_d.jpg 358496475_0abfd2ec14_t_d.jpg 358496474_f449e3259c_t_d.jpg
358496472_a5455391f3_t_d.jpg 358496470_7a357949bc_t_d.jpg
Nickel Picny n°3562, f/4.5 lens.
The screw at the front of the shutter is not original.
Pictures courtesy of eBayer ipruksleica. (Image rights)

The camera was later sold in nickel-plated finish. All the examples observed have an added distant release connector on the left of the shutter housing.

Picny E

The nickel finished model appeared as the Picny E (ピクニーE型) in advertisements dated December 1939 and April 1940, at the price of ¥62.[12] In the early one, the camera was announced as newly available and the following features are mentioned:

  • red window covers;
  • lighter color of the red windows making the numbers more readable;
  • new construction allowing easier film loading.

The Picny E has a bulged back, certainly making film loading easier. The rear lid of the top plate is modified accordingly, and the telescopic tube is pulled out a little less because the film plane has moved backwards.[13] An example of the Picny E is pictured in Awano, with a single red window in the back, on the middle left, protected by a horizontally sliding cover.[14] It is not known how the camera could take 16 exposures in 3×4cm format with a single red window. Perhaps the film rolls made in Japan at the time had a series of numbers going from 1 to 16.

The Picny was listed in the list of set prices compiled in October 1940 and published in January 1941, under the names "Picny" (¥60), "Picny II" (¥60) and "Picny III" (¥77), with no further details.[15] It is probable that the Picny and Picny II correspond to the black and nickel models respectively, and that the Picny III corresponds to the Picny E. It is not sure that these names were actually used in advertising.

The camera was mentioned again in the "Kokusan shashinki no genjōchōsa" ("Inquiry into Japanese cameras"), listing the Japanese camera production as of April 1943, as made and distributed by Miyagawa.[16]

Notes

  1. ↑ 24×36mm picture size: "Picny kamera no jōzuna tsukaikata" article in Asahi Camera April 1936, reproduced in Awano, pp.7–8 of Camera Collectors' News no.332. Made by Miyagawa: "Kokusan shashinki no genjōchōsa" ("Inquiry into Japanese cameras"), item 164, confirmed by an advertisement dated September 1947 for the Picny B, reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p.162, stating that Miyagawa Seisakusho was the maker of the earlier Picny and Boltax.
  2. ↑ Dates: Kokusan kamera no rekishi mentions advertisements dated 1935 to 1938 but the Gochamaze website reproduces advertisements dated as late as 1940. This page of the JCII gives October 1935 as the release month but Lewis, p.51, says 1934.
  3. ↑ Advertisements reproduced in Awano, p.10 of Camera Collectors' News no.332 and in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p.85.
  4. ↑ Advertisement reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p.85.
  5. ↑ Made by Miyagawa: "Kokusan shashinki no genjōchōsa" ("Inquiry into Japanese cameras"), shutter item 12-V-3. Patent number: Advertisements reproduced in Awano, Camera Collectors' News no.332, in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p.85 and in the Gochamaze website.
  6. ↑ Four elements, made by Fujita Kōgaku Kikai: "Kokusan shashinki no genjōchōsa" ("Inquiry into Japanese cameras"), lens item I4.
  7. ↑ "Picny kamera no jōzuna tsukaikata" article in Asahi Camera April 1936, reproduced in Awano, pp.7–8 of Camera Collectors' News no.332. See also the advertisements reproduced in Awano, Camera Collectors' News no.332, in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p.85 and in the Gochamaze website.
  8. ↑ Sugiyama, item 3046, says that the black model came later in 1940 but this is a mistake.
  9. ↑ Article reproduced in Awano, p.5 of Camera Collectors' News no.332.
  10. ↑ Advertisements published in Asahi Camera October 1935, April 1936 and February 1937 reproduced in Awano, pp.5, 6 and 9 of Camera Collectors' News no.332. Advertisement published in Asahi Graph 24 March 1937, reproduced in the Gochamaze website. Advertisement published in Asahi Camera August 1937, reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p.85.
  11. ↑ Advertisement published in Asahi Graph 2 February 1938, reproduced in the Gochamaze website. Advertisement published in Asahi Camera August 1938, reproduced in Awano, p.10 of Camera Collectors' News no.332.
  12. ↑ Advertisements published in the 20 December 1939 and 24 April 1940 issues of Asahi Graph, reproduced in the Gochamaze website.
  13. ↑ Telescopic tube modification: Awano, p.2 of Camera Collectors' News no.332.
  14. ↑ Awano, p.3 of Camera Collectors' News no.332.
  15. ↑ Template:Kakaku1940 short, type 1, sections 5 and 7.
  16. ↑ "Kokusan shashinki no genjōchōsa" ("Inquiry into Japanese cameras"), item 164.

Bibliography

Links

General links

In English:

In Japanese:

In Chinese:

Original documents

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