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'''Zenit 3''' is a 35mm film SLR camera manufactured by Krasnogorsky Mekhanichesky Zavod ([[KMZ]]), Mechanical Factory of Krasnogorsk, in Moscow, former USSR and produced between 1960-62, quantitiy 81776.
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The '''Zenit 3''' is a 35mm film SLR camera manufactured by '''Krasnogorsky Mekhanichesky Zavod''' ([[KMZ]]: 'Mechanical Factory of Krasnogorsk') in Moscow, between 1960-62, quantity 81776 copies.
 
Zenit (''Зенит'' = Зенит), means Zenith, a point in the sky that appears directly above the observer.
 
Zenit (''Зенит'' = Зенит), means Zenith, a point in the sky that appears directly above the observer.
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On front of the camera Zenit logo is engraved as cyrillic italics.
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'Zenit 3' is engraved in Cyrillic script on the front of the prism housing.
  
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Zenit-3 is the third model of Zenit brand and is successor to the first model [[Zenit]] (1953-56) and the second model [[Zenit S]]<ref>S = C in cyrillic</ref>,(1955-61) and main differences between them are added selftimer and shutter cocking lever instead of a knob.
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The Zenit-3 is the third model of the Zenit brand, the successor to the [[Zenit]] (1953-56) and [[Zenit S]]<ref>S = C in cyrillic</ref> (1955-61). The main differences between them are an added self-timer and a shutter cocking lever instead of a knob.
  
 
Early models of the Zenit cameras were based on the [[Zorki]] rangefinder camera (a copy of the Leica II).  
 
Early models of the Zenit cameras were based on the [[Zorki]] rangefinder camera (a copy of the Leica II).  
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In transforming the Zorki into an [[SLR]], the simplest approach was taken: the rangefinder housing was removed from the top and replaced by a ground-glass screen and prism; a mirror was added below, with a rope-and-pulley setting system and the [[M39]] thread mount was pushed forward to make room for the mirror inside.
+
In transforming the Zorki into an [[SLR]], the simplest approach was taken: the rangefinder housing was removed from the top and replaced by a ground-glass screen and prism; a mirror was added below, and the [[M39]] thread mount was pushed forward to make room for the mirror inside.
  
 
During the first years of production, until the [[Zenit E]] of 1967, Zenit camera development coincided with that of the Zorki cameras.
 
During the first years of production, until the [[Zenit E]] of 1967, Zenit camera development coincided with that of the Zorki cameras.
  
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The Zenit 3 shows outstanding workmanship, the camera is very solid and was apparently expensive to make. This explains why it was in production for only two years. As any early Zenit it is quite uncommon now.
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The Zenit 3 shows outstanding workmanship; compared, for example, to the [[Zenit 3M]] the top-plate controls are small and elegant. The camera is very solid and was apparently expensive to make. This explains why it was in production for only two years. As any early Zenit it is quite uncommon now.
  
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There were 4 types and 4 sub-types of the Zenit 3 <ref>According to Alexander Komarov [http://www.fotoua.com/1cameraAlltip.php?st=7&rd=4&usl=4&usl1=zenit&seek1=&seek2=23 Fotoua]. You can also find serial numbers for dating of the cameras in this site</ref> <ref>There is another classification by Aidas Pikiotas  in [http://www.sovietcams.com/index.php?-336651093]</ref> <ref>There are usefull books  about cameras of former USSR and have classifications also.</ref> <ref> Pages from the the book of former USSR cameras by [http://img.inkfrog.com/click_enlarge1.php?image=IMG_3609.JPG&username=calicurg&aid=972050785 Suglob, Shaternik, Kochergin]</ref> <ref>Discussion about clasifications in the books of Princelle and Suglob, Shaternik, Kochergin in [http://www.ussrphoto.com/Forum/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=1500 USSR Photo Forum]</ref>
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There are 4 types and 4 sub-types of the Zenit 3 <!--Commented out link, page no longer present/available, please remove if not returned by 12/2020 <ref>According to Alexander Komarov [http://www.fotoua.com/1cameraAlltip.php?st=7&rd=4&usl=4&usl1=zenit&seek1=&seek2=23 Fotoua]. You can find serial numbers for dating of the cameras in this site</ref> --><ref>There is a classification by Aidas Pikiotas  at [http://www.sovietcams.com/index7635.html?tmpl_into=middle&tmpl_id=529&_m_e_id=19&_menu_i_id=501 Sovietcams.com]</ref> <ref>Suglob, Shaternik & Kochergin (2009) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20160304171553/http://mirfoto.by/english-version.html?id=94 ''1200 Cameras from the USSR''. Mirfoto, 2009] (archived))</ref> <ref>Discussion of camera classifications in the books of Princelle and Suglob, Shaternik & Kochergin in [http://www.ussrphoto.com/Forum/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=1500 USSR Photo Forum]</ref>
  
  
 
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| colspan=3 align=center |
 
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{{Flickr_image_caption
 
{{Flickr_image_caption
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  |image_text= Zenit 3 type 2a (1962)  
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  |image_text= Zenit 3 type 2a (1962), with Helios-44 58 mm f/2
 
  |image_by= Süleyman Demir
 
  |image_by= Süleyman Demir
 
  |image_rights= with permission
 
  |image_rights= with permission
 
  }}
 
  }}
 
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{{br}}
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<br style="clear:both;"/>
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==Specifications==
 
==Specifications==
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*Lens: Helios-44 (ГЕЛИОС) 58mm f/2, coated, filter thread 49mm
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*Lens: Industar-50 50mm f/3.5
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**Other standard lens is Industar-50 (ИНДУСТАР) 50mm f/3.5
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**The camera may also be seen with the earlier Industar-22 50mm f/3.5 or the bigger Helios-44 (ГЕЛИОС) 58mm f/2.
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**KMZ's ZM39 screw mount <ref>It looks like M39 Leica mount but due to the mirror space, the rangefinder  M39 mount lenses do not work properly on this camera. You can use them only the close-up focus range.</ref>
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**KMZ's 39mm screw mount <ref>It looks like M39 Leica mount but due to the mirror space, the rangefinder  M39 mount lenses do not work properly on this camera. You can use them only the close-up focus range.</ref>
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**Aperture:  f/2 - f/16,
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*Focusing: fixed pentaprism with plain ground-glass screen
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*Focusing: ground-glass screen  
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*Shutter: rubberized silk double cloth curtain, horizontal-travel
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**Focus range:  1m  +inf.
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**Speeds: 1/30-1/500 +B, dial on the top plate <ref>Shutter speed can be selected before or after the shutter is cocked, contrary to early Leica-inspired cameras of the Soviet Union.</ref>
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*Shutter: rubberized silk double cloth curtain, horizontal focal plane,
 
−
**Speeds: 1/30-1/500 +B, dial on the top plate <ref>Shutter speed can be selected before or after the shutter is cocked, contrary to early Leica inspired cameras of Soviet Union.</ref>
 
 
*Cocking lever: also winds the film, right hand, short stroke, retractable
 
*Cocking lever: also winds the film, right hand, short stroke, retractable
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*Shutter release: on the top plate, beside the winding knob w/cable release socket
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*Shutter release: on the top plate, beside the winding knob; with threaded cable release socket
 
*Frame counter: coupled with winding lever, beneath it
 
*Frame counter: coupled with winding lever, beneath it
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*Viewfinder: SLR pentaprism
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*Mirror: not instant-return
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*Mirror: not instant return
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*Re-winding knob: on the left of the top plate; incorporates film-type reminder dial
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*Re-winding knob: on the left of the top plate
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*Re-wind release: turn (and depress) the collar around the shutter release, Д rewind, П wind
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*Re-wind release: turning collar around the shutter release, Д rewind, П wind
 
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*Memory dial: on the re-wind knob
 
 
*Self-timer: lever on the front of the body, and 'start' button above this (Zorki-6 type). The self-timer releases the mirror and shutter at the same time (whereas the one on the [[Zenit 3M]] releases the mirror a fraction of a second before to lessen camera shake)
 
*Self-timer: lever on the front of the body, and 'start' button above this (Zorki-6 type). The self-timer releases the mirror and shutter at the same time (whereas the one on the [[Zenit 3M]] releases the mirror a fraction of a second before to lessen camera shake)
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*Flash PC socket: on the front of the top-plate, only activates at 1/30 speed,
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*Flash PC socket: on the front of the top-plate, only activates at 1/30 speed
 
**Synch timing advance, from 0 to 25 ms, adjustable by a lever and scale beneath the speed dial  
 
**Synch timing advance, from 0 to 25 ms, adjustable by a lever and scale beneath the speed dial  
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*Bottom plate opening: by a pop-up lever
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*Bottom plate opening: by a pop-up key; .
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** Engravings around the opening lever: ЗAКР - ОTKP  (Zakr- Otkr = Close - Open). ОTKP is an abbreviation for ОТКРЫТЫЙ
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** A half-turn of the key unfastens the bottom plate. Engravings around the key: ЗAКР - ОTKP  (Zakr- Otkr = Close - Open). ОTKP is an abbreviation for ОТКРЫТЫЙ
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*Film loading: bottom loading, w/ special removable take up spool
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*Film loading: bottom loading, w/ special removable take up spool; film should be cut with a 100mm leader.
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*Others: Tripod socket 3/8 inch; Strap lugs
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*Other details: Tripod socket 3/8 inch; Strap lugs
 
*Serial no. on the back side of the top plate, first two digits show the production year
 
*Serial no. on the back side of the top plate, first two digits show the production year
 
*Body: metal; Weight: 840g
 
*Body: metal; Weight: 840g
  
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==Notes and references==
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==Notes==
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
 +
  
 
== Bibliography ==
 
== Bibliography ==
−
In English
+
* {{Princelle USSR}}
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* Princelle, Jean Loup - Made In USSR - The Authentic Guide To Russian And Soviet Cameras, Le Reve Edition, 2004 (ISBN 2952252106 (ISBN13: 9782952252102) Paperback
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In Russian
 
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* 1200 Cameras from USSR by Suglob, Shaternik, Kochergin, 2009 , [http://www.ussrphoto.com/Wiki/default.asp?WikiCatID=39&ParentID=4&ContentID=311&Item=1200+Cameras+from+USSR+by+Suglob%2C+Shaternik%2C+Kochergin more info about book]
 
  
 
== Links ==
 
== Links ==
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* [http://www.commiecameras.com/sov/35mmsinglelensreflexcameras/cameras/zenit/index.htm in Communist Cameras by Nathan Dayton]
+
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20211128165309if_/http://www.commiecameras.com/sov/35mmsinglelensreflexcameras/cameras/zenit/index.htm Zenit cameras] page, archived at the [https://archive.org Internet Archive] in 2021, formerly at ''Communist Cameras'' by Nathan Dayton
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* [http://www.fotoua.com/1cameraAlltip.php?st=7&rd=4&usl=4&usl1=zenit&seek1=&seek2=23 in Fotoua by Alexander Komarov]
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<!--Commented out link, page no longer present/available, please remove if not returned by 12/2020 * [http://www.fotoua.com/1cameraAlltip.php?st=7&rd=4&usl=4&usl1=zenit&seek1=&seek2=23 Fotoua] by Alexander Komarov -->
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* [http://www.sovietcams.com/index.php?-336651093 in Sovietcams by Aidas Pikiotas]
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*[http://www.sovietcams.com/index7635.html?tmpl_into=middle&tmpl_id=529&_m_e_id=19&_menu_i_id=501 Zenit 3 at Sovietcams.com] by Aidas Pikiotas
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* [http://www.collection-appareils.fr/x/html/page_standard.php?id_appareil=11366 Zenit 3], [http://www.collection-appareils.fr/x/html/page_standard.php?id_appareil=11363 Zenit 3M] on [http://www.collection-appareils.fr/general/html/francais.php www.collection-appareils.fr] by Sylvain Halgand
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* [http://www.collection-appareils.fr/x/html/page_standard.php?id_appareil=11366 Zenit 3] and [http://www.collection-appareils.fr/x/html/page_standard.php?id_appareil=11363 Zenit 3M] at [http://www.collection-appareils.fr/general/html/francais.php Collection Appareils] by Sylvain Halgand
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* JM Burtscher sovietcamera website :  [http://www.sovietcamera.fr/ Sovietcamera french website]
 
  
 
[[Category: 35mm SLR]]
 
[[Category: 35mm SLR]]
Line 90: Line 85:
 
[[Category:Soviet cameras]]
 
[[Category:Soviet cameras]]
 
[[Category: KMZ]]
 
[[Category: KMZ]]
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[[Category: Zenit]]
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[[Category:Zenit|3]]
 
[[Category: Z]]
 
[[Category: Z]]
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[[Category:1960]]

Latest revision as of 04:33, 11 October 2023

The Zenit 3 is a 35mm film SLR camera manufactured by Krasnogorsky Mekhanichesky Zavod (KMZ: 'Mechanical Factory of Krasnogorsk') in Moscow, between 1960-62, quantity 81776 copies. Zenit (Зенит = Зенит), means Zenith, a point in the sky that appears directly above the observer. 'Zenit 3' is engraved in Cyrillic script on the front of the prism housing.

The Zenit-3 is the third model of the Zenit brand, the successor to the Zenit (1953-56) and Zenit S[1] (1955-61). The main differences between them are an added self-timer and a shutter cocking lever instead of a knob.

Early models of the Zenit cameras were based on the Zorki rangefinder camera (a copy of the Leica II). In transforming the Zorki into an SLR, the simplest approach was taken: the rangefinder housing was removed from the top and replaced by a ground-glass screen and prism; a mirror was added below, and the M39 thread mount was pushed forward to make room for the mirror inside.

During the first years of production, until the Zenit E of 1967, Zenit camera development coincided with that of the Zorki cameras.

The Zenit 3 shows outstanding workmanship; compared, for example, to the Zenit 3M the top-plate controls are small and elegant. The camera is very solid and was apparently expensive to make. This explains why it was in production for only two years. As any early Zenit it is quite uncommon now.

There are 4 types and 4 sub-types of the Zenit 3 [2] [3] [4]


4887143427_3b21fb6347_n.jpg
4887143565_e49a07576d_n.jpg
4887143131_7bc8b747f1_n.jpg 5007317175_fbe8c28262_n.jpg 4887143251_0661220ab9_n.jpg
4887747046_8eb9f456e8_n.jpg

Zenit 3 type 2a (1962), with Helios-44 58 mm f/2
images by Süleyman Demir (Image rights)


Specifications

  • Lens: Industar-50 50mm f/3.5
    • The camera may also be seen with the earlier Industar-22 50mm f/3.5 or the bigger Helios-44 (ГЕЛИОС) 58mm f/2.
    • KMZ's 39mm screw mount [5]
  • Focusing: fixed pentaprism with plain ground-glass screen
  • Shutter: rubberized silk double cloth curtain, horizontal-travel
    • Speeds: 1/30-1/500 +B, dial on the top plate [6]
  • Cocking lever: also winds the film, right hand, short stroke, retractable
  • Shutter release: on the top plate, beside the winding knob; with threaded cable release socket
  • Frame counter: coupled with winding lever, beneath it
  • Mirror: not instant-return
  • Re-winding knob: on the left of the top plate; incorporates film-type reminder dial
  • Re-wind release: turn (and depress) the collar around the shutter release, Д rewind, П wind
  • Self-timer: lever on the front of the body, and 'start' button above this (Zorki-6 type). The self-timer releases the mirror and shutter at the same time (whereas the one on the Zenit 3M releases the mirror a fraction of a second before to lessen camera shake)
  • Flash PC socket: on the front of the top-plate, only activates at 1/30 speed
    • Synch timing advance, from 0 to 25 ms, adjustable by a lever and scale beneath the speed dial
  • Bottom plate opening: by a pop-up key; .
    • A half-turn of the key unfastens the bottom plate. Engravings around the key: ЗAКР - ОTKP (Zakr- Otkr = Close - Open). ОTKP is an abbreviation for ОТКРЫТЫЙ
  • Film loading: bottom loading, w/ special removable take up spool; film should be cut with a 100mm leader.
  • Other details: Tripod socket 3/8 inch; Strap lugs
  • Serial no. on the back side of the top plate, first two digits show the production year
  • Body: metal; Weight: 840g

Notes

  1. ↑ S = C in cyrillic
  2. ↑ There is a classification by Aidas Pikiotas at Sovietcams.com
  3. ↑ Suglob, Shaternik & Kochergin (2009) (1200 Cameras from the USSR. Mirfoto, 2009 (archived))
  4. ↑ Discussion of camera classifications in the books of Princelle and Suglob, Shaternik & Kochergin in USSR Photo Forum
  5. ↑ It looks like M39 Leica mount but due to the mirror space, the rangefinder M39 mount lenses do not work properly on this camera. You can use them only the close-up focus range.
  6. ↑ Shutter speed can be selected before or after the shutter is cocked, contrary to early Leica-inspired cameras of the Soviet Union.


Bibliography

  • Princelle, Jean Loup (2004), The Authentic Guide to Russian and Soviet Cameras ('Made in USSR'), Le Reve Edition. ISBN 2952252106; or the earlier edition: Hove Foto Books, 2nd edition, 1995. 200 pages. ISBN 1874031630. Paperback.


Links

Retrieved from "http://camera-wiki.org/index.php?title=Zenit_3&oldid=226193"