Difference between revisions of "No-need-darkroom"
Rebollo fr (talk | contribs) (removed the list, which contained a major mistake and is now superseded by the template) |
Rebollo fr (talk | contribs) (more details of the process, more bibliography, including an article in Asahi Camera obtained thanks to Alexander Schulz) |
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{{Japanese no-need-darkroom}} | {{Japanese no-need-darkroom}} | ||
| − | The '''no-need-darkroom''' process was used by many inexpensive Japanese cameras from the late 1920s to the postwar period. It was notably used by [[Tougodo]] from 1930. The film was sold | + | The '''no-need-darkroom''' process was used by many inexpensive Japanese cameras from the late 1920s to the postwar period. It was notably used by [[Tougodo]] from 1930. |
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| + | The film was sold in light-proof paper sheaths, with a sliding paper cover. The sheath was loaded into the camera, and the paper cover was slid out to take the picture, then put back before unloading the camera. After the exposure, the sheath was immersed in red-tinted developer fluid and opened again, the red tint protecting the film from further exposure even in daylight. The film was then immersed in the fixer, removed from the sheath and washed, and the negative was ready. It was usually turned into contact prints, which could be processed in the same chemicals, again in daylight. Printing paper was available for natural light or for electric light, that for natural light usually costing more. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Sellers of [[Tougodo|Tougo]] cameras used to demonstrate the process in the street corners in front of their shops, washing the negative with ether and using an electric fan to speed up the washing and drying steps.<REF> Shirai, p.144 of ''[[Asahi Camera]]'' June 1955: これを速く乾かすためにはエーテルにさっと入れ扇風機の前に置けばいい. </REF> The resulting picture was offered to the clients, who only had to wash it at home for two hours.<REF> Shirai, p.144 of ''[[Asahi Camera]]'' June 1955: お宅へ帰って二時間水洗いして下さい. </REF> | ||
== Bibliography == | == Bibliography == | ||
| + | * Awano Mikio (粟野幹男). "Tougō kamera (3)" (トウゴーカメラ[3], Tougo cameras [3]). In {{CCN}} no.316 (October 2003). Nishinomiya: Camera Collectors News-sha. Pp.9–21. (Contains a reproduction of the user manual of the [[Baby (no-need-darkroom)|Baby]], explaining the process.) | ||
* {{Lewis}} P.43. | * {{Lewis}} P.43. | ||
* {{McKeown12}} P.931. | * {{McKeown12}} P.931. | ||
| + | * Schulz, Alexander. "Kameras aus dem Hause Tougo (I)" (Cameras of the Tougo firm [I]). In ''Photographica Cabinett'' no.42 (2007). Pp.16–21. | ||
| + | * Shirai. "Tōgō kamera: 'En-kame' yume miru san-kyōdai" (東郷カメラ・"円カメ"夢みる三兄弟, Tougo cameras: three brothers who dreamed of "yen-cameras"). In ''[[Asahi Camera]]'' June 1955. Pp.144–5. | ||
* {{Zukan}} P.63. | * {{Zukan}} P.63. | ||
Revision as of 14:16, 7 May 2008
The no-need-darkroom process was used by many inexpensive Japanese cameras from the late 1920s to the postwar period. It was notably used by Tougodo from 1930.
The film was sold in light-proof paper sheaths, with a sliding paper cover. The sheath was loaded into the camera, and the paper cover was slid out to take the picture, then put back before unloading the camera. After the exposure, the sheath was immersed in red-tinted developer fluid and opened again, the red tint protecting the film from further exposure even in daylight. The film was then immersed in the fixer, removed from the sheath and washed, and the negative was ready. It was usually turned into contact prints, which could be processed in the same chemicals, again in daylight. Printing paper was available for natural light or for electric light, that for natural light usually costing more.
Sellers of Tougo cameras used to demonstrate the process in the street corners in front of their shops, washing the negative with ether and using an electric fan to speed up the washing and drying steps.[1] The resulting picture was offered to the clients, who only had to wash it at home for two hours.[2]
Bibliography
- Awano Mikio (粟野幹男). "Tougō kamera (3)" (トウゴーカメラ[3], Tougo cameras [3]). In Camera Collectors' News no.316 (October 2003). Nishinomiya: Camera Collectors News-sha. Pp.9–21. (Contains a reproduction of the user manual of the Baby, explaining the process.)
- Lewis, Gordon, ed. The History of the Japanese Camera. Rochester, N.Y.: George Eastman House, International Museum of Photography & Film, 1991. ISBN 0-935398-17-1 (paper), 0-935398-16-3 (hard). P.43.
- McKeown, James M. and Joan C. McKeown's Price Guide to Antique and Classic Cameras, 12th Edition, 2005-2006. USA, Centennial Photo Service, 2004. ISBN 0-931838-40-1 (hardcover). ISBN 0-931838-41-X (softcover). P.931.
- Schulz, Alexander. "Kameras aus dem Hause Tougo (I)" (Cameras of the Tougo firm [I]). In Photographica Cabinett no.42 (2007). Pp.16–21.
- Shirai. "Tōgō kamera: 'En-kame' yume miru san-kyōdai" (東郷カメラ・"円カメ"夢みる三兄弟, Tougo cameras: three brothers who dreamed of "yen-cameras"). In Asahi Camera June 1955. Pp.144–5.
- Sugiyama, Kōichi (杉山浩一); Naoi, Hiroaki (直井浩明); Bullock, John R. The Collector's Guide to Japanese Cameras. 国産カメラ図鑑 (Kokusan kamera zukan). Tokyo: Asahi Sonorama, 1985. ISBN 4-257-03187-5. P.63.
Links
In Japanese:
- Tougodo cameras in Nekosan's website, explaining the no-need-darkroom process
