Difference between revisions of "Elbowflex"

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{{Japanese postwar TLR}}
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{{Flickr_image
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The '''Elbowflex''' (エルボー・フレックス) is a Japanese 6×6 [[TLR]] series, distributed by [[Elbow]] Camera Firm, which is unlikely to have been its manufacturer.  
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|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/29504544@N08/33377044501/in/pool-camerawiki/
 +
|image= http://farm3.staticflickr.com/2906/33377044501_6caf93a207.jpg
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|image_align= right
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|image_text=  Elbow flex IIB
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|image_by= Hans Kerensky
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|image_rights=  with permission
 +
}}
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The '''Elbowflex''' (エルボーフレックス) is a Japanese 6×6 [[TLR]] series, distributed in 1955–6 by [[Elbow|Elbow Shōkai]] and made by [[Tōyō Seiki Kōgaku]], later [[Cosmo|Cosmo Camera Seisakusho]].
  
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All models of the Elbowflex noted so far focus by moving the entire lens assembly, and have 80mm f/3.5 viewing and taking lenses.
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== General description ==
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The Elbowflex is a regular copy of the [[Rolleicord]]. It focuses by moving the entire lens assembly. The focusing and film advance knobs are on the photographer's right, and the focusing knob is surrounded by a [[depth of field|depth-of-field]] scale. There is a magnifying lens and a sportsfinder in the viewing hood. The name ''Elbow flex'' is inscribed on a stepped nameplate above the front plate, and the company name ''ELBOW CAMERA FIRM'' is written in small characters underneath. Some examples have the serial number engraved at the top of the nameplate and others don't.<REF> Serial number at the top: [http://www.tlr-cameras.com/Japanese/slides/Elbowflex.html example] pictured at [http://www.tlr-cameras.com/ tlr-cameras.com], and example pictured in {{McKeown}}, p.&nbsp;262. </REF> The name ''Elbow flex'' is also embossed at the top of the leather case.
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==Logo==
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{{Flickr_image
 +
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/29504544@N08/33510508425/in/pool-camerawiki/
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|image= http://farm3.staticflickr.com/2869/33510508425_aff49bf502_m.jpg
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|image_align= center
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|image_text= Elbow Camera Firm
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|image_by= Hans Kerensky
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|image_rights= with permission
 +
}}
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All the models have 80/3.5 viewing and taking lenses. On most examples, the lenses can take both 28.5mm and 32mm diameter filters.<REF> Feature mentioned in the advertisement dated February 1956 reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;224. </REF> The [[shutter release|release button]] is placed at the bottom of the front standard, on the photographer's right. There are some minor variations in the shape of the shutter release (with or without thread for a soft release) and of the bottom latch.<REF> Compare for example [http://minosan05.cocolog-nifty.com/syasin/2005/12/index.html this example at Minosan's blog] with [https://web.archive.org/web/20040430170227/http://rd2h-ari.hp.infoseek.co.jp:80/ELBOW_PIC.htm this example at Japan Family Camera] (archived). </REF> It seems that all the models have a synchro post at the bottom right of the left hand plate (none has been observed with a synchro post directly mounted on the shutter). It also seems that all have an accessory shoe.
  
 +
== Logo ==
 +
{{Flickr_image
 +
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/29504544@N08/32667021234/in/pool-camerawiki/
 +
|image= http://farm4.staticflickr.com/3776/32667021234_095bb4681b_m.jpg
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|image_align= right
 +
|image_text=  Elbow flex logo
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|image_by= Hans Kerensky
 +
|image_rights=  with permission
 +
}}
 
The logo of an interlinked G and K (could be C and K, but G more probable) appears on the finder hood, ever-ready case, box and instruction manual of all the cameras observed, as well as on some of the advertisements for them.
 
The logo of an interlinked G and K (could be C and K, but G more probable) appears on the finder hood, ever-ready case, box and instruction manual of all the cameras observed, as well as on some of the advertisements for them.
  
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The meaning of this logo remains obscure. No name starting with ''G'' has yet been linked with these cameras. ''C'' could stand for ''Cosmo'' (see below), but if so ''K'' would not be explained.<ref>Further, the logo does not appear on the two advertisements within {{Kokusan}} (pp.&nbsp;121, 136) that name Kosumo Kamera (Cosmo Camera) Seisakusho; only on the pair that do not (pp.&nbsp;121, 224).</ref>  
+
The meaning of this logo remains obscure. No name starting with "G" has yet been linked with these cameras. "C" could stand for <U>C</U>osmo (see below) and "K" for <U>K</U>amera, thus pointing at [[Cosmo|Cosmo Camera Seisakusho]] (''Kosumo Kamera Seisakusho'').<REF> However, the logo does not appear on the two advertisements within {{Kokusan}} (pp.&nbsp;121, 136) that name Kosumo Kamera (Cosmo Camera) Seisakusho; only on the pair that do not (pp.&nbsp;121, 224). </REF>  
 +
{{br}}
 +
== Semi-automatic models ==
 +
The semi-automatic Elbowflex is very similar to the [[Princeflex|Prince Junior]] camera, and they share the same TSK, [[Ceres]] and [[Rectus]] shutters.
  
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== Models as described in advertisements ==
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=== In the advertisements: Elbowflex II and IIB ===
 +
The first advertised model is the '''Elbowflex II''': no record of a Model I has been found yet. It has semi-automatic film advance, and there is a round window for an exposure counter at the top of the right-hand side plate. The lenses are Correct Anastigmat 80/3.5 made by the same company as the camera.<REF> The advertisement dated February 1956 reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;224, says that the Correct was made by the company itself: 当社が誇る優秀レンズコレクト. </REF> The shutter is a [[TSK]] with B, 1&ndash;200 speeds, a self-timer, and flash synchronization.<REF> At least some of these are engraved ''H.C.'' in red, surely for <U>H</U>ard <U>C</U>oated. These and the following specifications are from {{Kokusan}} (which does not mention any version or variant with an Eleger lens or Rectus shutter). </REF>
  
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The '''Elbowflex II''' has semi-automatic film advance, Correct Anastigmat 80/3.5 viewing and taking lenses, a magnifying glass, a [[TSK]] shutter (B, 1&ndash;200), self-timer, and flash synchronization. Japanese advertisements for it were placed in magazines dated March&ndash;August 1955; at least some of these specify [[Tōyō Seiki Kōgaku]] as the manufacturer and Elbow Shōkai as the distributor.<ref>The particular advertisement referred to was placed in the April 1955 issue of ''[[Camera Mainichi]]'' and is reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;121. These and the following specifications are from {{Kokusan}} (which does not mention any version or variant with an Eleger lens or Rectus shutter).</ref>
+
Japanese advertisements for the Elbowflex II were placed in magazines dated March to August 1955.<REF> {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;347. </REF> In an advertisement dated April, [[Tōyō Seiki Kōgaku]] was specified as the manufacturer and [[Elbow|Elbow Shōkai]] as the distributor.<REF> Advertisement published in ''[[Camera Mainichi]],'' reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;121. </REF>
  
−
The '''Elbowflex III''' is similar to the II other than using a red window for film advance. Advertisements for it appear in Japanese magazines dated April&ndash;August 1955, pricing it at &yen;9,000.
+
The '''Elbowflex IIB''' is the same as the II other than for its [[Ceres]] shutter (B, 1&ndash;300, self-timer). An advertisement for this, dated February 1956,<REF> Advertisement published in ''[[Camera Mainichi]],'' reproduced in {{Kokusan}} p.&nbsp;224. </REF> names no manufacturer, merely naming Elbow Shōkai and, as authorized dealer, Zentsū (a mail order company).
  
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The '''Elbowflex IIIA''' is the same as the III other than for its [[Ceres]] shutter (B, 1&ndash;300). An advertisement in a magazine dated September 1955 prices it at &yen;9,500, specifies Kosumo Kamera (Cosmo Camera) Seisakusho as the manufacturer, names Elbow Shōkai without specifying its role (presumably distributor), and gives Zentsū and [[Doi|Nittō Shashin Yōhin]] as authorized dealers.<ref>Placed in ''Camera Mainichi'' and reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;121.</ref>
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=== Actual examples ===
 +
{{Flickr_image
 +
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/29504544@N08/32690366913/in/pool-camerawiki/
 +
|image= http://farm3.staticflickr.com/2945/32690366913_e7cca377c1_m.jpg
 +
|image_align= right
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|image_text=  Correct Anastigmat 1:3.5 f=8cm<br/> in a Rectus shutter
 +
|image_by= Hans Kerensky
 +
|image_rights=  with permission
 +
}}
 +
Among the semi-automatic examples observed, some correspond to the Elbowflex II, with a [[TSK]] shutter and Correct lenses,<REF> Example pictured in {{Sugiyama}}, item 2093, example pictured in [http://minosan05.cocolog-nifty.com/syasin/2005/12/post.html this page at Minosan's blog] and example observed in an online auction. </REF> and others have a [[Rectus]] shutter (B, 1&ndash;300).<REF> [http://www.tlr-cameras.com/Japanese/slides/Elbowflex.html Example] pictured at [http://www.tlr-cameras.com/ tlr-cameras.com], and example pictured in {{McKeown}}, p.&nbsp;262. </REF> The latter have the serial number above the nameplate.
  
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The '''Elbowflex IIB''' is the same as the II other than for the Ceres shutter of the IIIA.<ref>{{Kokusan}} mentions a variant with the TSK shutter; the difference between this and the II is unclear.</ref> An advertisement for this, dated February 1956<ref>Advertisement in the February 1956 issue of ''Camera Mainichi,'' reproduced in {{Kokusan}} p.&nbsp;224.</ref>, names no manufacturer, merely naming Elbow Shōkai and, as authorized dealer, Zentsū.
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A semi-automatic example has been observed in an online auction with a box and user manual. The box was labeled ''Elbow flex Model III'' &mdash; a model identified in the advertisements as ''lacking'' an exposure counter &mdash; and it was marked ''ELBOW CAMERA FIRM CO. LTD.'' in English. The user manual was marked Elbow Shōkai (エルボー商会).
  
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No record of a Model I has been found yet.
 
  
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== Examples in the real world ==
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{| class="plainlinks" align="left" style="text-align: center;"
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|| [http://www.flickr.com/photos/29504544@N08/33172549410/in/pool-camerawiki/ http://farm3.staticflickr.com/2867/33172549410_4b516de52b_m.jpg] [http://www.flickr.com/photos/29504544@N08/33172613640/in/pool-camerawiki/ http://farm4.staticflickr.com/3955/33172613640_5e526447e8_m.jpg] [http://www.flickr.com/photos/29504544@N08/32741631643/in/pool-camerawiki/ http://farm4.staticflickr.com/3927/32741631643_149ed339b6_m.jpg]
 +
|-
 +
|| Elbow Flex IIB, Correct Anastigmat H.C. 3.5/8cm lens in a Rectus shutter<br><small>Images by {{image author|Hans Kerensky}}.</small> {{with permission}}
 +
|}
 +
{{br}}
  
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Some examples have also been observed that do not correspond to the descriptions above:
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== Manual models ==
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* One example corresponds to the description of the model IIIA except that it is equipped with Eleger Anastigmat 8.0cm/3.5 viewing & taking lenses.<ref>[http://rd2h-ari.hp.infoseek.co.jp/ELBOW_PIC.htm This example], at [http://rd2h-ari.hp.infoseek.co.jp/ Japan Family Camera]. The logo has fallen from the finder hood.</ref> The lenses are marked ''H.C.'' in red, surely for <U>H</U>ard <U>C</U>oated (a marking also observed on the Correct Anastigmat lenses of some other examples). Eleger Anastigmat lenses are mounted on at least some [[Elegaflex]] cameras.<REF> See [http://aya-2.hp.infoseek.co.jp/elegaflex_ca.html this page] and [http://sendai.cool.ne.jp/ayanoshippo/elegaflex.html this page] of [http://aya-2.hp.infoseek.co.jp/ Aya's Camera website], also {{McKeown}} p.&nbsp;738. </REF>
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The manual Elbowflex is very similar to at least some versions of the [[Elegaflex]].<REF> See the example presented in [http://aya3photo.sakura.ne.jp/aya-2/elegaflex_ca.html this page of Aya's Camera site]. </REF>
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* Other examples correspond to the description of the model II or IIB with a [[Rectus]] shutter (B, 1&ndash;300). This particular example, unlike others, has the serial number above the name plate.<ref>[http://www.tlr-cameras.com/Japanese/slides/Elbowflex.html This example], within the "[http://www.tlr-cameras.com/Japanese/index.html other Japanese]" page of [http://www.tlr-cameras.com/ tlr-cameras.com]. Another such example is pictured in {{McKeown}}, p.&nbsp;262. </ref>
 
  
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At a Yahoo Japan auction, an example with exposure counter has been observed with a box and user manual. The box was labeled ''Elbow flex Model III'' &mdash; of course, a model identified above as ''lacking'' an exposure counter &mdash; and it was marked ''ELBOW CAMERA FIRM CO. LTD.'' in English. The user manual was marked Elbow Shōkai (エルボー商会).
+
=== In the advertisements: Elbowflex III and IIIA ===
 +
The '''Elbowflex III''' is similar to the II other than using a [[red window]] for film advance. The rectangular red window is placed near the bottom of the back, and is protected by a vertically sliding cover.
  
−
There are some variations in the shape of the bottom latch and of the shutter release.<REF> Compare for example [http://minosan05.cocolog-nifty.com/syasin/2005/12/index.html this example at Minosan's blog] with [http://rd2h-ari.hp.infoseek.co.jp/ELBOW_PIC.htm this example at Japan Family Camera]. </REF> It seems that all the models have a synchro post at the bottom right of the left hand plate (none has been observed with a synchro post directly mounted on the shutter). It also seems that all have an accessory shoe.
+
The Elbowflex III has Correct lenses and a [[TSK]] shutter. Advertisements for it appear in Japanese magazines dated April&ndash;August 1955.<REF> {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;347. </REF> In the advertisement dated April cited above,<REF> Advertisement published in ''[[Camera Mainichi]],'' reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;121. </REF> the camera was priced at {{yen|9,000|1955}}.
  
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== Other similar cameras ==
+
The '''Elbowflex IIIA''' is the same as the III other than for its [[Ceres]] shutter (B, 1&ndash;300, self-timer). Advertisements dated September 1955 offered this model for {{yen|9,500|1955}}, naming [[Cosmo|Cosmo Camera Seisakusho]] (''Kosumo Kamera Seisakusho'') as the manufacturer, Elbow Shōkai without specifying its role (presumably distributor), Zentsū and sometimes [[Doi|Nittō Shashin Yōhin]] as authorized dealers.<REF> Advertisements published in ''[[Camera Mainichi]]'' (with Nittō) and in ''[[Sankei Camera]]'' (without Nittō), reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, pp.&nbsp;121 and 136. </REF>
  
−
The Elbowflex with exposure counter is very similar to the [[Princeflex|Prince Junior]] camera, and they share the same TSK, Ceres and Rectus shutters.
+
=== Actual examples ===
−
 
+
One actual example of the IIIA has been observed.<REF> Example observed in an online auction. </REF> Another manual example has been observed with a [[Ceres]] shutter and Eleger Anastigmat 8.0cm f/3.5 lenses, as found on some [[Elegaflex]] cameras.<REF> Example pictured in [https://web.archive.org/web/20040430170227/http://rd2h-ari.hp.infoseek.co.jp:80/ELBOW_PIC.htm this page at Japan Family Camera] (archived). The logo has fallen from the finder hood. </REF> The lenses are marked ''H.C.'' in red, the same as the Correct Anastigmat.
−
The model with red window looks very similar to the [[Elegaflex]], at least to the example presented in [http://aya-2.hp.infoseek.co.jp/elegaflex_ca.html this page of Aya's Camera site].
 
  
 
== Notes ==
 
== Notes ==
Line 48: Line 88:
 
== Links ==
 
== Links ==
 
In English:
 
In English:
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* [http://www.tlr-cameras.com/Japanese/index.html Other Japanese 120 (6&times;6) TLRs] (with the [ at [http://www.tlr-cameras.com/ tlr-cameras.com]
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* [http://www.tlr-cameras.com/Japanese/index.html Various Japanese TLRs] (with a semi-automatic [http://www.tlr-cameras.com/Japanese/slides/Elbowflex.html Elbowflex]) at Barry Toogood's [http://www.tlr-cameras.com/ tlr-cameras.com]
 
In Japanese:
 
In Japanese:
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* [http://minosan05.cocolog-nifty.com/syasin/2005/12/index.html Elbowflex] (presumably an Elbowflex II) at [http://minosan05.cocolog-nifty.com/ Minosan's blog]
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* [http://minosan05.cocolog-nifty.com/syasin/2005/12/index.html Elbowflex] (semi-automatic model, presumably an Elbowflex II) at [http://minosan05.cocolog-nifty.com/ Minosan's blog]
−
* [http://rd2h-ari.hp.infoseek.co.jp/ELBOW_PIC.htm Elbowflex] and [http://rd2h-ari.hp.infoseek.co.jp/ELBOW_SPEC.htm Elbowflex specifications] at [http://rd2h-ari.hp.infoseek.co.jp/ Japan Family Camera]
+
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20040325005242/http://rd2h-ari.hp.infoseek.co.jp/ELBOW_SPEC.htm Elbowflex specifications (archive.org)] at [http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~rd2h-ari/ Japan Family Camera]
 +
 
 +
{{Japanese postwar 6×6 TLR (A–L)}}
  
 
[[Category: Japanese 6x6 TLR]]
 
[[Category: Japanese 6x6 TLR]]
 +
[[Category:120 film]]
 
[[Category: E]]
 
[[Category: E]]
 +
[[Category: 1955]]

Latest revision as of 08:25, 15 January 2023

33377044501_6caf93a207.jpg
Elbow flex IIB
image by Hans Kerensky (Image rights)

The Elbowflex (エルボーフレックス) is a Japanese 6×6 TLR series, distributed in 1955–6 by Elbow Shōkai and made by Tōyō Seiki Kōgaku, later Cosmo Camera Seisakusho.

General description

The Elbowflex is a regular copy of the Rolleicord. It focuses by moving the entire lens assembly. The focusing and film advance knobs are on the photographer's right, and the focusing knob is surrounded by a depth-of-field scale. There is a magnifying lens and a sportsfinder in the viewing hood. The name Elbow flex is inscribed on a stepped nameplate above the front plate, and the company name ELBOW CAMERA FIRM is written in small characters underneath. Some examples have the serial number engraved at the top of the nameplate and others don't.[1] The name Elbow flex is also embossed at the top of the leather case.

33510508425_aff49bf502_m.jpg
Elbow Camera Firm
image by Hans Kerensky (Image rights)

All the models have 80/3.5 viewing and taking lenses. On most examples, the lenses can take both 28.5mm and 32mm diameter filters.[2] The release button is placed at the bottom of the front standard, on the photographer's right. There are some minor variations in the shape of the shutter release (with or without thread for a soft release) and of the bottom latch.[3] It seems that all the models have a synchro post at the bottom right of the left hand plate (none has been observed with a synchro post directly mounted on the shutter). It also seems that all have an accessory shoe.

32667021234_095bb4681b_m.jpg
Elbow flex logo
image by Hans Kerensky (Image rights)

The logo of an interlinked G and K (could be C and K, but G more probable) appears on the finder hood, ever-ready case, box and instruction manual of all the cameras observed, as well as on some of the advertisements for them.

The meaning of this logo remains obscure. No name starting with "G" has yet been linked with these cameras. "C" could stand for Cosmo (see below) and "K" for Kamera, thus pointing at Cosmo Camera Seisakusho (Kosumo Kamera Seisakusho).[4]

Semi-automatic models

The semi-automatic Elbowflex is very similar to the Prince Junior camera, and they share the same TSK, Ceres and Rectus shutters.

In the advertisements: Elbowflex II and IIB

The first advertised model is the Elbowflex II: no record of a Model I has been found yet. It has semi-automatic film advance, and there is a round window for an exposure counter at the top of the right-hand side plate. The lenses are Correct Anastigmat 80/3.5 made by the same company as the camera.[5] The shutter is a TSK with B, 1–200 speeds, a self-timer, and flash synchronization.[6]

Japanese advertisements for the Elbowflex II were placed in magazines dated March to August 1955.[7] In an advertisement dated April, Tōyō Seiki Kōgaku was specified as the manufacturer and Elbow Shōkai as the distributor.[8]

The Elbowflex IIB is the same as the II other than for its Ceres shutter (B, 1–300, self-timer). An advertisement for this, dated February 1956,[9] names no manufacturer, merely naming Elbow Shōkai and, as authorized dealer, Zentsū (a mail order company).

Actual examples

32690366913_e7cca377c1_m.jpg
Correct Anastigmat 1:3.5 f=8cm
in a Rectus shutter
image by Hans Kerensky (Image rights)

Among the semi-automatic examples observed, some correspond to the Elbowflex II, with a TSK shutter and Correct lenses,[10] and others have a Rectus shutter (B, 1–300).[11] The latter have the serial number above the nameplate.

A semi-automatic example has been observed in an online auction with a box and user manual. The box was labeled Elbow flex Model III — a model identified in the advertisements as lacking an exposure counter — and it was marked ELBOW CAMERA FIRM CO. LTD. in English. The user manual was marked Elbow Shōkai (エルボー商会).


33172549410_4b516de52b_m.jpg 33172613640_5e526447e8_m.jpg 32741631643_149ed339b6_m.jpg
Elbow Flex IIB, Correct Anastigmat H.C. 3.5/8cm lens in a Rectus shutter
Images by Hans Kerensky. (Image rights)


Manual models

The manual Elbowflex is very similar to at least some versions of the Elegaflex.[12]

In the advertisements: Elbowflex III and IIIA

The Elbowflex III is similar to the II other than using a red window for film advance. The rectangular red window is placed near the bottom of the back, and is protected by a vertically sliding cover.

The Elbowflex III has Correct lenses and a TSK shutter. Advertisements for it appear in Japanese magazines dated April–August 1955.[13] In the advertisement dated April cited above,[14] the camera was priced at ¥9,000.

The Elbowflex IIIA is the same as the III other than for its Ceres shutter (B, 1–300, self-timer). Advertisements dated September 1955 offered this model for ¥9,500, naming Cosmo Camera Seisakusho (Kosumo Kamera Seisakusho) as the manufacturer, Elbow Shōkai without specifying its role (presumably distributor), Zentsū and sometimes Nittō Shashin Yōhin as authorized dealers.[15]

Actual examples

One actual example of the IIIA has been observed.[16] Another manual example has been observed with a Ceres shutter and Eleger Anastigmat 8.0cm f/3.5 lenses, as found on some Elegaflex cameras.[17] The lenses are marked H.C. in red, the same as the Correct Anastigmat.

Notes

  1. ↑ Serial number at the top: example pictured at tlr-cameras.com, and example pictured in McKeown, p. 262.
  2. ↑ Feature mentioned in the advertisement dated February 1956 reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p. 224.
  3. ↑ Compare for example this example at Minosan's blog with this example at Japan Family Camera (archived).
  4. ↑ However, the logo does not appear on the two advertisements within Kokusan kamera no rekishi (pp. 121, 136) that name Kosumo Kamera (Cosmo Camera) Seisakusho; only on the pair that do not (pp. 121, 224).
  5. ↑ The advertisement dated February 1956 reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p. 224, says that the Correct was made by the company itself: 当社が誇る優秀レンズコレクト.
  6. ↑ At least some of these are engraved H.C. in red, surely for Hard Coated. These and the following specifications are from Kokusan kamera no rekishi (which does not mention any version or variant with an Eleger lens or Rectus shutter).
  7. ↑ Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p. 347.
  8. ↑ Advertisement published in Camera Mainichi, reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p. 121.
  9. ↑ Advertisement published in Camera Mainichi, reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi p. 224.
  10. ↑ Example pictured in Sugiyama, item 2093, example pictured in this page at Minosan's blog and example observed in an online auction.
  11. ↑ Example pictured at tlr-cameras.com, and example pictured in McKeown, p. 262.
  12. ↑ See the example presented in this page of Aya's Camera site.
  13. ↑ Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p. 347.
  14. ↑ Advertisement published in Camera Mainichi, reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p. 121.
  15. ↑ Advertisements published in Camera Mainichi (with Nittō) and in Sankei Camera (without Nittō), reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, pp. 121 and 136.
  16. ↑ Example observed in an online auction.
  17. ↑ Example pictured in this page at Japan Family Camera (archived). The logo has fallen from the finder hood.

Sources / further reading

Links

In English:

In Japanese:

Japanese 6×6 TLR
Postwar models (A–L)
6×7cm Koni-Omegaflex M
6×6cm
A–L
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