Difference between revisions of "Bronica GS-1"

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|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/diverso/4861088315/in/pool-camerawiki/
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|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/johanw8um/14149263858/in/pool-camerawiki/
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|image=  http://farm5.staticflickr.com/4082/4861088315_86b904f664.jpg
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|image=  http://farm1.staticflickr.com/3878/14149263858_58798b383f.jpg
 
|image_align= right
 
|image_align= right
 
|image_text= Bronica GS-1  
 
|image_text= Bronica GS-1  
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|image_by= Eduardo Romero
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|image_by= Jorobo
 
|image_rights= with permission
 
|image_rights= with permission
 
}}
 
}}
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__NOTOC__
 
__NOTOC__
−
Introduced in 1983, the '''[[Bronica]] GS-1''' in 6×7 cm format was the largest [[SLR]] produced by the company. The camera was discontinued in 2002.
+
Introduced in March 1983<ref name=PI>[[Shashin Kōgyō]] (Photographic Industries) Vol. 41, No. 9 (1983) pp 77-83.</ref>, the '''[[Bronica]] GS-1''' in 6×7 cm format was the largest [[SLR]] produced by the company and the first medium format camera with [[TTL flash]] metering. It is a completely modular camera, with several optional focusing [[pentaprism|prisms]] and viewfinders (with and without [[light meter|exposure metering]]), lenses, and film backs. [[Tamron]] ended production of GS-1 cameras and lenses in June 2002, with sales continuing until stocks were depleted<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20020806222827/http://www.tamron.co.jp/data/gs1chushi.htm Tamron end of production note] (archived) </ref>.
−
===Design===
+
 
−
The camera was designed to be as compact and light as possible, and weighs less than some of the smaller format Bronicas. It is a completely modular camera, with several optional focusing [[pentaprism|prisms]] and viewfinders (with and without [[light meter|exposure metering]]), lenses, and film backs. The GS-1 had a rotary prism that was metered for averaging and spot. The rotary prism made the 6x7 framing for vertical or horizontal very easy. By default the camera came with a plain matte focusing screen.
+
==Development==
−
===Lenses===
+
In developing the 6×7 camera (GS stands for "Grand Shooting"<ref>ブロニカ!―僕が愛した伝説の中判カメラ / Bronica! The legendary medium format camera I loved (2010) p. 163</ref>), Bronica paid particular attention to implementing a LED display, using a Seiko #0 electronic shutter with digital control, an upgraded PG-series of lenses to overcome the small aperture of the #0 shutter, TTL-flash, multi-format backs and rejecting the use of a revolving back to reduce size and weight, and make it a mobile camera.
−
A lens- or [[leaf shutter|leaf-shutter]] camera, the GS-1 will synchronize flash at all available shutter speeds. Lenses are designated 'PG', with available focal lengths of 50, 65, 80, 100, 110, 150, 200, 250, 500 mm, and two teleconverters (1.4× and 2×). Extension tubes of 18mm and 36mm are often needed as the lenses are not particularly close focusing. The 110mm is a macro and with 36mm extension tube goes to 1:1. The 80mm was the last of the GS-1 lenses introduced and is difficult to find. It equates to a 40mm for a 35mm SLR and is a nice wide standard lens. The 80mm and the 100mm were the two fastest lenses at f/3.5. Filter sizes are 72mm for the lenses from 65mm to 150mm. The 200mm and 250mm use 82mm filters and the 50mm uses 95mm filters.
+
 
 +
During the design phase a #1 shutter with a larger 30mm aperture was considered. However, Bronica found that the helicoid diametre would have become 100mm or more, countering the purpose of a (relatively) small and light weight system, and in addition the shutter speed would be limited to 1/400 (not 1/500 as with #0 shutters). The choice of a #0 shutter was then made even if it restricted the possibility of large aperture lenses, especially of longer focal lengths. In practice the design of the GS-1 made it possible to differentiate the GS-1 from its main competitors, the heavy [[Mamiya RZ]] and [[Mamiya RB]] 6x7-cameras with rotating backs and Seiko #1 shutters.
 +
 
 +
Designing the new PG-lenses for the small shutter aperture, Bronica emphasized correction of aberrations, reducing vignetting and a unified color balance for the whole series, with particular attention paid to distortion, aberrations, field curvature and chromatic aberration for the wide angle lenses.<ref name=PI/>
 +
 
 +
==Body==
 +
The GS-1 body is wider than the SQ-A, due to the larger film format, however the depth and height are about the same. The body, back base and mount are made of a die cast light alloy. The mount is stainless steel, while the front, left and right body covers are made of reinforced plastic. The body weighs 630g.<ref name=PI/> About 22 500 camera bodies were made in total, with a first series (serial 310XXXX) of about 1500 units, and a internally revised series of about 21 000 (serial 311XXXX, 312XXXX and 313XXXX). The last 12 000 or so had small updates to the finish (black buttons). One camera (serial 3118000) has been noted with a brown leather finish (similar to certain other Bronica special editions), and a 80mm F3.5 lens (serial 8400001) with a white lens cover. This was possibly a one off for promotional use when the 80mm F3.5 lens was launched in 1996.
 +
 
 +
==Lenses==
 +
{{Flickr_image
 +
|image_source= https://www.flickr.com/photos/146425980@N02/30729717953/in/pool-camerawiki/
 +
|image= http://farm1.staticflickr.com/318/30729717953_5dff06eba8.jpg
 +
|image_align= right
 +
|image_text= Lens block chart. Reproduced from an article in the Japanese periodical<br/>[[Shashin Kōgyō]] (Photographic Industries), Vol 41, No. 9 (1983) p82.<ref name=PI/><br/>Image presumably originally by Bronica.<br/>
 +
|scan_by=Camera Historian
 +
|image_rights= fair use
 +
}}
 +
A lens- or [[leaf shutter|leaf-shutter]] camera, the GS-1 will synchronize flash at all available shutter speeds. Lenses are designated 'PG', with available focal lengths of 50, 65, 80, 100, 110, 150, 200, 250, 500 mm, and two teleconverters (1.4× and 2×). At the introduction of the camera, only the 50, 65, 100, 150, 200 and 250mm lenses were available, with a 110mm, 350mm (never released) and 500mm being announced.<ref name=PI/> The 110mm and 200mm lenses were later presented together with the teleconverters at the 1984 [[Photokina]].<ref name=PP>Popular Photography, January 1985 p. 86</ref> The 500mm lens was only made by special order. The 80mm was the last of the GS-1 lenses, introduced in 1997, and is difficult to find. The 150mm lens is a long-focus design (not a telephoto like the 200mm and 250mm), and is supposed to give especially beautiful background blur and a natural and soft image wide open.<ref>現代カメラ新書別冊　中型カメラシリーズ4　新・ゼンザブロニカのすべて / Modern camera new book separate volume Medium-sized camera series 4 New ・ all of Zenza Bronica (1984) p. 104</ref>
 +
 
 +
All lenses have electronic Seiko #0 shutters, which communicate with the body. The shutter dial and digitized control circuit is on the body.
 +
 
 +
The lenses have comparable or better close focusing distances than [[Hasselblad]] or [[Pentax 6x7]] lenses, but less than bellows focusing cameras, such as the [[Mamiya RZ67]]. Extension tubes of 18mm and 36mm are available for specialized close focus photography, and the 110mm macro with 36mm extension tube goes to 1:1.
 +
 
 +
While the lens flange is different from the SQ-mount, the focal flange distance of 85mm is the same.<ref name=PI/> Fotodiox makes adapters for mounting PG-lenses on [[Mamiya M645]], [[Pentax 645]], [[Nikon F]], [[Canon EF]], [[Pentax]] K and [[Sony]] Alpha mounts.
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|-
 +
! Lens
 +
! Lens construction
 +
! Filter diameter
 +
! Overall length
 +
! Diameter
 +
! Minimum focusing distance
 +
! Shutter
 +
! Weight
 +
! Number produced
 +
|-
 +
| Zenzanon-PG 50mm F4.5
 +
| 11 elements in 8 groups
 +
| 95mm
 +
| 74mm
 +
| 98mm
 +
| 0.5m
 +
| Seiko #0
 +
| 790g
 +
| About 6000
 +
|-
 +
| Zenzanon-PG 65mm F4
 +
| 9 elements in 7 groups
 +
| 72mm
 +
| 71mm
 +
| 87mm
 +
| 0.6m
 +
| Seiko #0
 +
| 715g
 +
| About 6000
 +
|-
 +
| Zenzanon-PG 80mm F3.5
 +
| 8 elements in 6 groups
 +
| 72mm
 +
| 71.5mm
 +
| 87mm
 +
| 0.55m
 +
| Seiko #0
 +
| 765g
 +
| About 500
 +
|-
 +
| Zenzanon-PG 100mm F3.5
 +
| 6 elements in 4 groups
 +
| 72mm
 +
| 67.5mm
 +
| 87mm
 +
| 0.75m
 +
| Seiko #0
 +
| 630g
 +
| About 15 000
 +
|-
 +
| Zenzanon-PG 110mm F4
 +
| 6 elements in 4 groups
 +
| 72mm
 +
| 78.5mm
 +
| 87mm
 +
| 0.66m
 +
| Seiko #0
 +
| 725g
 +
| About 3000
 +
|-
 +
| Zenzanon-PG 150mm F4
 +
| 5 elements in 5 groups
 +
| 72mm
 +
| 62mm
 +
| 87mm
 +
| 1.5m
 +
| Seiko #0
 +
| 650g
 +
| About 5000
 +
|-
 +
| Zenzanon-PG 200mm F4.5
 +
| 6 elements in 5 groups
 +
| 82mm
 +
| 97.5mm
 +
| 87mm
 +
| 2m
 +
| Seiko #0
 +
| 970g
 +
| About 3000
 +
|-
 +
| Zenzanon-PG 250mm F5.6
 +
| 6 elements in 5 groups
 +
| 82mm
 +
| 142mm
 +
| 87mm
 +
| 3m
 +
| Seiko #0
 +
| 1200g
 +
| About 4000
 +
|-
 +
| Zenzanon-PG 500mm F8
 +
| 11 elements in 10 groups
 +
| 122mm
 +
| 307.5mm
 +
| 87mm
 +
| 8m
 +
| Seiko #0
 +
| 3760g
 +
| About 300
 +
|}
  
−
Fotodiox makes adapters for mounting PG-lenses on [[Mamiya M645]], [[Pentax 645]], [[Nikon F]], [[Canon EF]], [[Pentax]] K and [[Sony]] Alpha mounts.
+
==Viewfinders and focusing screens==
 +
The GS-1 had a waist level, prism, AE-prism and rotary AE-prism viewfinders. The field of view ratio for all viewfinders is 94%. The waist level finder has a 4.3X magnification. The basic prism finder was based on the ETR-finder, and has a magnification of 0.87X with the 100mm lens at infinity and a 1.5 diopter. It weighs 425 g.<ref name=PI/> The standard AE-finder also has a magnification of 0.87X, and weighs 460 g and has a metering range of EV 2-17 (ISO 100). Using an AE-finder in aperture priority mode allows the camera system to set the shutter using 1/8 steps, though the selected speed is rounded to 1/2 steps in the display, while the manual shutter speed dial only has full steps.<ref name=PI/> By default the camera came with a plain matte focusing screen.
  
−
===Backs===
+
It is easy to use the camera both in vertical and horizontal orientation with one of the eye level finders. However, it is difficult to shoot vertical pictures with the waist level finder. Bronica had the same design challenge with waist level horizontal shots for the ETR, and used the same patented (No. 950970) solution for the GS-1, a rotary prism viewfinder, with both average and spot metering.<ref name=PI/>
−
With the appropriate back, the camera will shoot a wide range of film sizes, including 6×4.5, 6×6, 6×7 cm, and Polaroid. The 6×6 and 6×7 cm formats could be obtained in either 120 or 220 roll length. Unlike some other Bronicas the GS-1 never had backs for 35mm film. The 6x7 back is landscape and the 645 back is vertical unless the camera is rotated.
 
  
−
===Acessories===
+
==Backs==
−
The GS-1 was also available with a dedicated G-1 speedlight flash and manually operated speed grip. The G-1 speedlight with the speed grip made the GS-1 the only 6x7 with TTL flash capability. According to some sources, the Sunpak MX-2D TTL module designed for older Minolta cameras also can be used with full TTL support on the Bronica GS-1.<ref name=mx-2d>[http://photo.net/medium-format-photography-forum/00ETQd Photo.net post regarding Adorama comment]</ref>.
+
With the appropriate back, the camera will shoot a wide range of film sizes, including 6×4.5, 6×6, 6×7 cm, and Polaroid. The 6x4.5, 6×6 and 6×7 cm formats could be obtained in either 120 or 220 roll length. Unlike some other Bronicas the GS-1 never had backs for 35mm film, even though 24x69mm and 24x36mm backs were announced with the system.<ref name=PI/> The 6x7 back is landscape and the 645 back is vertical unless the camera is rotated.
  
 +
==TTL flash==
 +
The GS-1 was also available with a dedicated G-1 speedlight flash and manually operated speed grip which allowed TTL-flash metering together with the AE-prism. This made the GS-1 the first medium format camera with TTL flash capability at its introduction i 1983, before the [[Hasselblad 500 ELX]] and [[Rolleiflex 6006]] came to market in 1984. It was also the only 6x7 camera with TTL flash until the introduction of the [[Pentax 67II]] in 1998. It is not possible to get TTL flash using the Sunpak MX-2D TTL module designed for older Minolta cameras, or Metz SCA 386 TTL module for Minolta, even thought some sources speculated that this was possible (you will only get the flash ready light in the finder, though no TTL).<ref name=mx-2d>[https://www.photo.net/forums/topic/512638-bronica-gs-1-flash/ Photo.net post regarding Adorama comment]</ref>. The G-1 flash shares some components with, and may have been produced by [[National]]/Panasonic. The [[Bronica SQ-Ai]] and [[Bronica ETRSi|ETRSi]] support TTL-flash through the Metz SCA 386 TTL-module, but this instead uses a dedicated 6-pin TTL connector on the camera body, as with the [[Mamiya 645 Pro TL]] and [[Hasselblad]] 503-series.
  
 
{{Japanese medium format SLR}}
 
{{Japanese medium format SLR}}
Line 29: Line 157:
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
 
== Links ==
 
== Links ==
−
* [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/Bronica/ Bronica Users Group (BUG)] at the [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/ Yahoo Groups site]
+
* [https://www.flickr.com/groups/1615324@N25/ Bronica Users Group (BUG)] on Flickr.
 
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110312111557/http://medfmt.8k.com/mf/gs1.html GS-1 information] from the medfmt.8k.com website (archived copy from the [https://archive.org/index.php Internet Archive], from March 2011; mostly an archive of even older bulletin board-based discussion, with a few pictures).
 
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110312111557/http://medfmt.8k.com/mf/gs1.html GS-1 information] from the medfmt.8k.com website (archived copy from the [https://archive.org/index.php Internet Archive], from March 2011; mostly an archive of even older bulletin board-based discussion, with a few pictures).
 +
* [https://butkus.org/chinon/bronica/bronica_gs-1/bronica_gs-1.htm Bronica GS-1 PDF manual] at [https://butkus.org/chinon/index.html OrphanCameras.com]
  
 
[[Category: Japanese 6x7 SLR]]
 
[[Category: Japanese 6x7 SLR]]
−
[[Category: Bronica]]
+
[[Category: Bronica|GS-1]]
 
[[Category: B]]
 
[[Category: B]]
−
[[Category: G|Gs-1]]
+
[[Category: G|GS-1 Bronica]]
 +
[[Category:120 film]]
 +
[[Category:220 film]]

Latest revision as of 04:30, 19 May 2023

14149263858_58798b383f.jpg
Bronica GS-1
image by Jorobo (Image rights)


Introduced in March 1983[1], the Bronica GS-1 in 6×7 cm format was the largest SLR produced by the company and the first medium format camera with TTL flash metering. It is a completely modular camera, with several optional focusing prisms and viewfinders (with and without exposure metering), lenses, and film backs. Tamron ended production of GS-1 cameras and lenses in June 2002, with sales continuing until stocks were depleted[2].

Development

In developing the 6×7 camera (GS stands for "Grand Shooting"[3]), Bronica paid particular attention to implementing a LED display, using a Seiko #0 electronic shutter with digital control, an upgraded PG-series of lenses to overcome the small aperture of the #0 shutter, TTL-flash, multi-format backs and rejecting the use of a revolving back to reduce size and weight, and make it a mobile camera.

During the design phase a #1 shutter with a larger 30mm aperture was considered. However, Bronica found that the helicoid diametre would have become 100mm or more, countering the purpose of a (relatively) small and light weight system, and in addition the shutter speed would be limited to 1/400 (not 1/500 as with #0 shutters). The choice of a #0 shutter was then made even if it restricted the possibility of large aperture lenses, especially of longer focal lengths. In practice the design of the GS-1 made it possible to differentiate the GS-1 from its main competitors, the heavy Mamiya RZ and Mamiya RB 6x7-cameras with rotating backs and Seiko #1 shutters.

Designing the new PG-lenses for the small shutter aperture, Bronica emphasized correction of aberrations, reducing vignetting and a unified color balance for the whole series, with particular attention paid to distortion, aberrations, field curvature and chromatic aberration for the wide angle lenses.[1]

Body

The GS-1 body is wider than the SQ-A, due to the larger film format, however the depth and height are about the same. The body, back base and mount are made of a die cast light alloy. The mount is stainless steel, while the front, left and right body covers are made of reinforced plastic. The body weighs 630g.[1] About 22 500 camera bodies were made in total, with a first series (serial 310XXXX) of about 1500 units, and a internally revised series of about 21 000 (serial 311XXXX, 312XXXX and 313XXXX). The last 12 000 or so had small updates to the finish (black buttons). One camera (serial 3118000) has been noted with a brown leather finish (similar to certain other Bronica special editions), and a 80mm F3.5 lens (serial 8400001) with a white lens cover. This was possibly a one off for promotional use when the 80mm F3.5 lens was launched in 1996.

Lenses

30729717953_5dff06eba8.jpg
Lens block chart. Reproduced from an article in the Japanese periodical
Shashin Kōgyō (Photographic Industries), Vol 41, No. 9 (1983) p82.[1]
Image presumably originally by Bronica.
scanned by Camera Historian  (Image rights)

A lens- or leaf-shutter camera, the GS-1 will synchronize flash at all available shutter speeds. Lenses are designated 'PG', with available focal lengths of 50, 65, 80, 100, 110, 150, 200, 250, 500 mm, and two teleconverters (1.4× and 2×). At the introduction of the camera, only the 50, 65, 100, 150, 200 and 250mm lenses were available, with a 110mm, 350mm (never released) and 500mm being announced.[1] The 110mm and 200mm lenses were later presented together with the teleconverters at the 1984 Photokina.[4] The 500mm lens was only made by special order. The 80mm was the last of the GS-1 lenses, introduced in 1997, and is difficult to find. The 150mm lens is a long-focus design (not a telephoto like the 200mm and 250mm), and is supposed to give especially beautiful background blur and a natural and soft image wide open.[5]

All lenses have electronic Seiko #0 shutters, which communicate with the body. The shutter dial and digitized control circuit is on the body.

The lenses have comparable or better close focusing distances than Hasselblad or Pentax 6x7 lenses, but less than bellows focusing cameras, such as the Mamiya RZ67. Extension tubes of 18mm and 36mm are available for specialized close focus photography, and the 110mm macro with 36mm extension tube goes to 1:1.

While the lens flange is different from the SQ-mount, the focal flange distance of 85mm is the same.[1] Fotodiox makes adapters for mounting PG-lenses on Mamiya M645, Pentax 645, Nikon F, Canon EF, Pentax K and Sony Alpha mounts.

Lens Lens construction Filter diameter Overall length Diameter Minimum focusing distance Shutter Weight Number produced
Zenzanon-PG 50mm F4.5 11 elements in 8 groups 95mm 74mm 98mm 0.5m Seiko #0 790g About 6000
Zenzanon-PG 65mm F4 9 elements in 7 groups 72mm 71mm 87mm 0.6m Seiko #0 715g About 6000
Zenzanon-PG 80mm F3.5 8 elements in 6 groups 72mm 71.5mm 87mm 0.55m Seiko #0 765g About 500
Zenzanon-PG 100mm F3.5 6 elements in 4 groups 72mm 67.5mm 87mm 0.75m Seiko #0 630g About 15 000
Zenzanon-PG 110mm F4 6 elements in 4 groups 72mm 78.5mm 87mm 0.66m Seiko #0 725g About 3000
Zenzanon-PG 150mm F4 5 elements in 5 groups 72mm 62mm 87mm 1.5m Seiko #0 650g About 5000
Zenzanon-PG 200mm F4.5 6 elements in 5 groups 82mm 97.5mm 87mm 2m Seiko #0 970g About 3000
Zenzanon-PG 250mm F5.6 6 elements in 5 groups 82mm 142mm 87mm 3m Seiko #0 1200g About 4000
Zenzanon-PG 500mm F8 11 elements in 10 groups 122mm 307.5mm 87mm 8m Seiko #0 3760g About 300

Viewfinders and focusing screens

The GS-1 had a waist level, prism, AE-prism and rotary AE-prism viewfinders. The field of view ratio for all viewfinders is 94%. The waist level finder has a 4.3X magnification. The basic prism finder was based on the ETR-finder, and has a magnification of 0.87X with the 100mm lens at infinity and a 1.5 diopter. It weighs 425 g.[1] The standard AE-finder also has a magnification of 0.87X, and weighs 460 g and has a metering range of EV 2-17 (ISO 100). Using an AE-finder in aperture priority mode allows the camera system to set the shutter using 1/8 steps, though the selected speed is rounded to 1/2 steps in the display, while the manual shutter speed dial only has full steps.[1] By default the camera came with a plain matte focusing screen.

It is easy to use the camera both in vertical and horizontal orientation with one of the eye level finders. However, it is difficult to shoot vertical pictures with the waist level finder. Bronica had the same design challenge with waist level horizontal shots for the ETR, and used the same patented (No. 950970) solution for the GS-1, a rotary prism viewfinder, with both average and spot metering.[1]

Backs

With the appropriate back, the camera will shoot a wide range of film sizes, including 6×4.5, 6×6, 6×7 cm, and Polaroid. The 6x4.5, 6×6 and 6×7 cm formats could be obtained in either 120 or 220 roll length. Unlike some other Bronicas the GS-1 never had backs for 35mm film, even though 24x69mm and 24x36mm backs were announced with the system.[1] The 6x7 back is landscape and the 645 back is vertical unless the camera is rotated.

TTL flash

The GS-1 was also available with a dedicated G-1 speedlight flash and manually operated speed grip which allowed TTL-flash metering together with the AE-prism. This made the GS-1 the first medium format camera with TTL flash capability at its introduction i 1983, before the Hasselblad 500 ELX and Rolleiflex 6006 came to market in 1984. It was also the only 6x7 camera with TTL flash until the introduction of the Pentax 67II in 1998. It is not possible to get TTL flash using the Sunpak MX-2D TTL module designed for older Minolta cameras, or Metz SCA 386 TTL module for Minolta, even thought some sources speculated that this was possible (you will only get the flash ready light in the finder, though no TTL).[6]. The G-1 flash shares some components with, and may have been produced by National/Panasonic. The Bronica SQ-Ai and ETRSi support TTL-flash through the Metz SCA 386 TTL-module, but this instead uses a dedicated 6-pin TTL connector on the camera body, as with the Mamiya 645 Pro TL and Hasselblad 503-series.

Japanese medium-format SLR (edit)
6×9 Optika | Rittreck
6×8 Fuji GX680 | Fuji GX680 II | Fujifilm GX680 III | Fujifilm GX680 III S
6×7 Bronica GS-1 | Mamiya RB67 | Mamiya RZ67 | Pentax 67
6×6 Amano 66 | Reflex Beauty | Bronica C | Bronica D | Bronica EC | Bronica S | Bronica S2 | Bronica SQ | Bronica Z | Carlflex | Escaflex | Flex Six | Fujita 66 | Graflex Norita | Hasemiflex | Kalimar Reflex | Kalimar Six Sixty | Konishiroku prototype | Kowa Six | Kowa Super 66 | Minolta SR66 | Norita 66 | Orchid | Rittreck 6×6 | Rolly Flex | Seito Ref | Shinkoflex | Soligor 66 | Tanyflex | Warner 66 | Zuman Flex
4.5×6 Bronica ETR | Contax 645 AF | Fujifilm GX645AF | Konica SF | Mamiya M645 | Mamiya M645 Super / Pro | Mamiya 645AF | Pentax 645 | Pentax 645N | Pentax 645NII
4×4 Atomflex | Komaflex-S | Super Flex Baby
Japanese TLR and pseudo TLR ->
Other Japanese 6×6, 4.5×6, 3×4 and 4×4 ->

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 Shashin Kōgyō (Photographic Industries) Vol. 41, No. 9 (1983) pp 77-83.
  2. ↑ Tamron end of production note (archived)
  3. ↑ ブロニカ!―僕が愛した伝説の中判カメラ / Bronica! The legendary medium format camera I loved (2010) p. 163
  4. ↑ Popular Photography, January 1985 p. 86
  5. ↑ 現代カメラ新書別冊　中型カメラシリーズ4　新・ゼンザブロニカのすべて / Modern camera new book separate volume Medium-sized camera series 4 New ・ all of Zenza Bronica (1984) p. 104
  6. ↑ Photo.net post regarding Adorama comment

Links

Retrieved from "http://camera-wiki.org/index.php?title=Bronica_GS-1&oldid=223816"