Difference between revisions of "Tokiwa plate folders"
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|image= [http://www.flickr.com/photos/rebollo_fr/2295712931/in/pool-camerapedia http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3227/2295712931_ed7865598a_m_d.jpg]<br>''Picture courtesy of eBayer hbpartner. {{with permission}}'' | |image= [http://www.flickr.com/photos/rebollo_fr/2295712931/in/pool-camerapedia http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3227/2295712931_ed7865598a_m_d.jpg]<br>''Picture courtesy of eBayer hbpartner. {{with permission}}'' | ||
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| − | The '''Tokiwa''' or '''Tokiwa Camera''' (トキワカメラ) are Japanese plate folders | + | The '''Tokiwa''' or '''Tokiwa Camera''' (トキワカメラ) are Japanese plate folders distributed by [[Mizuno|Mizuno Shashinki-ten]] in the mid-1930s. |
== Origin == | == Origin == | ||
| Line 10: | Line 10: | ||
== Known advertisements == | == Known advertisements == | ||
| − | The Tokiwa Camera was advertised in | + | {| class="plainlinks" align="center" style="text-align: center;" |
| − | * '''No.1''', single extension (一段伸), {{yen|24| | + | || [http://www.flickr.com/photos/rebollo_fr/3126667640/in/pool-camerapedia/ http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3289/3126667640_2294427c93_d.jpg] |
| − | * '''No.2''', one-and-a-half extension (一段半), {{yen|28| | + | |- |
| − | * '''No.3''', double extension ( | + | || ''Advertisement for Tokiwa cameras in {{SSA}} January 1934. {{public domain Japan old}}'' |
| − | + | |} | |
| + | The Tokiwa Camera was advertised in the January 1934 issue of {{SSA}}.<REF> Advertisement in {{SSA}} January 1934 reproduced in this page. </REF> The camera is presented as an '''improved model''' (改良型), and three versions are listed, all in {{daimeishi}} size (6.5×9cm) with a metal body: | ||
| + | * '''No.1''', single extension (一段伸), from {{yen|24|1934}}; | ||
| + | * '''No.2''', one-and-a-half extension (一段半), from {{yen|28|1934}}; | ||
| + | * '''No.3''', true double extension (正二段伸), from {{yen|32|1934}}. | ||
| + | The picture certainly shows the double extension model, with a small focusing wheel on the photographer's right. There is a [[brilliant finder]] with an attached bubble level, and a wireframe finder with an indent at the top and a round eyepiece. A knob is visible above the front standard, controlling the vertical movements. | ||
| + | |||
| + | A June 1935 advertisement in {{NSKT}} lists the same three models, at respectively {{yen|24|1935}}, {{yen|28|1935}} and {{yen|31|1935}}.<REF> Advertisement on p.6 of {{NSKT}} June 1st, 1935, reproduced on p.24 of ''Hyaku-gō goto jūkai no kiroku''. </REF> The document mentions f/4.5 and f/6.3 lenses, and the prices probably correspond to the cheaper lens. The picture certainly shows the double extension model again. The features are similar to the 1934 model, except that the wireframe finder is indented at the bottom and has a rectangular eyepiece. | ||
| − | The Tokiwa Camera was also advertised in the July 1935 and January 1936 issues of {{AR}}.<REF> {{Kokusan}}, p.338. </REF> The January 1936 advertisement has the same picture as | + | The Tokiwa Camera was also advertised in the July 1935 and January 1936 issues of {{AR}}.<REF> {{Kokusan}}, p.338. </REF> The January 1936 advertisement has the same picture as the June 1935 advertisement in {{NSKT}}, and the caption confirms that it shows the {{daimeishi}} Tokiwa no.3.<REF> Advertisement reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.80. </REF> The range is extended by the addition of a {{tefuda}} model (8×10.5cm), and more details are given: |
* '''No.1''', {{daimeishi}}, single extension, no movements, from {{yen|24|1936}} with an f/6.3 lens; | * '''No.1''', {{daimeishi}}, single extension, no movements, from {{yen|24|1936}} with an f/6.3 lens; | ||
* '''No.2''', {{daimeishi}}, one-and-a-half extension, no movements, from {{yen|28|1936}} with an f/6.3 lens; | * '''No.2''', {{daimeishi}}, one-and-a-half extension, no movements, from {{yen|28|1936}} with an f/6.3 lens; | ||
| Line 30: | Line 37: | ||
|| ''Tokiwa No.3, [[Lidex|Lidex C]] shutter, [[Heliostar]] Anastigmat München 105mm f/6.3 lens no.96185.''<br>''Pictures courtesy of eBayer hbpartner. {{with permission}}'' | || ''Tokiwa No.3, [[Lidex|Lidex C]] shutter, [[Heliostar]] Anastigmat München 105mm f/6.3 lens no.96185.''<br>''Pictures courtesy of eBayer hbpartner. {{with permission}}'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
| − | The camera pictured in Baird and {{MK}} as a "Tokiwa Hand Camera" seems to correspond to the Tokiwa No.1 or No.2, with single or "one-and-a-half" extension bellows.<REF> Example pictured in Baird, pp.57–8 of ''Kuribayashi-Petri Cameras'', {{MK}}, p.576. </REF> It has a small focusing wheel on the right. Its folding struts are similar to those visible in the | + | The camera pictured in Baird and {{MK}} as a "Tokiwa Hand Camera" seems to correspond to the Tokiwa No.1 or No.2, with single or "one-and-a-half" extension bellows.<REF> Example pictured in Baird, pp.57–8 of ''Kuribayashi-Petri Cameras'', {{MK}}, p.576. </REF> It has a small focusing wheel on the right. Its folding struts are similar to those visible in the advertisements. The wireframe finder and eyepiece are the same as on the January 1934 model. The front standard does not seem to allow any movement, and there is no bubble level. The shutter is a dial-set Velio (25, 50, 100, B, T) and the lens is a [[Meyer]] Anastigmat Trioplan 10.5cm f/6.3. The name ''Tokiwa'' is embossed in the removable ground glass hood; it is not known if it is repeated elsewhere on the camera body. |
A very similar camera has been observed in an online auction, only differing by the shape of the folding struts. It has a [[Koilos]] dial-set shutter (25, 50, 100, B, T) and a [[Heliostar]] Anastigmat München 105mm f/6.3 lens (no.84311). | A very similar camera has been observed in an online auction, only differing by the shape of the folding struts. It has a [[Koilos]] dial-set shutter (25, 50, 100, B, T) and a [[Heliostar]] Anastigmat München 105mm f/6.3 lens (no.84311). | ||
| Line 42: | Line 49: | ||
The camera pictured in {{SUG}} as a "Tokiwa Hand Camera" certainly corresponds to the Tokiwa No.3.<REF> {{SUG}}, item 1251. </REF> It has double extension bellows, a bubble level on the side of the brilliant finder, and vertical movements controlled by a knob at the top of the front standard. The wireframe finder seems to be missing. The shutter is a [[Lidex]] by [[Molta]] (T, B, 5–200) and the lens is a [[Heliostar]] Anastigmat 105mm f/4.5. | The camera pictured in {{SUG}} as a "Tokiwa Hand Camera" certainly corresponds to the Tokiwa No.3.<REF> {{SUG}}, item 1251. </REF> It has double extension bellows, a bubble level on the side of the brilliant finder, and vertical movements controlled by a knob at the top of the front standard. The wireframe finder seems to be missing. The shutter is a [[Lidex]] by [[Molta]] (T, B, 5–200) and the lens is a [[Heliostar]] Anastigmat 105mm f/4.5. | ||
| − | A similar camera is pictured in this page. The bubble level is absent and the knob for vertical movements has a different shape. The | + | A similar camera is pictured in this page. The bubble level is absent and the knob for vertical movements has a different shape. The wireframe finder is shaped as on picture in the June 1935 and January 1936 advertisements, but the rear eyepiece has the same circular shape as on the January 1934 model. The shutter is a [[Lidex|Lidex C]] by [[Molta]], giving T, B, 25, 50, 100, 150 speeds. The shutter plate has ''Patents~Nippon'' at the top, ''Lidex >C<'' at the bottom and the ''MTS'' logo of Molta on the right. The lens is a [[Heliostar]] Anastigmat München 105mm f/6.3 (no.96185). |
== Notes == | == Notes == | ||
| Line 52: | Line 59: | ||
* {{McKeown12}} P.576. | * {{McKeown12}} P.576. | ||
* {{NSKT1000}} Advertisement on p.24, corresponding to p.6 of the June 1st, 1935 issue. | * {{NSKT1000}} Advertisement on p.24, corresponding to p.6 of the June 1st, 1935 issue. | ||
| + | * {{SSA}}. Advertisement by [[Mizuno|Mizuno Shashinki-ten]] in January 1934. No page number. | ||
* {{Zukan}} Item 1251. | * {{Zukan}} Item 1251. | ||
Revision as of 20:14, 22 December 2008
The Tokiwa or Tokiwa Camera (トキワカメラ) are Japanese plate folders distributed by Mizuno Shashinki-ten in the mid-1930s.
Origin
Many recent sources say that the Tokiwa were made by Kuribayashi.[1] Some even specify that the Tokiwa was based on the Kokka and was supplied to the company Tokiwa Kōgaku, which later provided Tokiwa lenses for other Kuribayashi cameras.[2] However the Tokiwa and Kokka seem to have no part in common, and the whole story is dubious.
The original advertisements found so far were placed by Mizuno Shashinki-ten and say nothing of Tokiwa Kōgaku. In these, the camera name is written "Tokiwa Camera" in katakana: トキワカメラ. This name was certainly chosen by Mizuno as a reference to the Japanese word tokiwa written 常磐, meaning "eternity" or "evergreen". The brand "Tokiwa" was also used by Mizuno for bromide papers.[3] It has probably nothing to see with the family name Tokiwa, written 常盤, as found in the company name Tokiwa Kōgaku.
Known advertisements
|
| Advertisement for Tokiwa cameras in Shashin Salon January 1934. (Image rights) |
The Tokiwa Camera was advertised in the January 1934 issue of Shashin Salon.[4] The camera is presented as an improved model (改良型), and three versions are listed, all in daimeishi size (6.5×9cm) with a metal body:
- No.1, single extension (一段伸), from ¥24;
- No.2, one-and-a-half extension (一段半), from ¥28;
- No.3, true double extension (正二段伸), from ¥32.
The picture certainly shows the double extension model, with a small focusing wheel on the photographer's right. There is a brilliant finder with an attached bubble level, and a wireframe finder with an indent at the top and a round eyepiece. A knob is visible above the front standard, controlling the vertical movements.
A June 1935 advertisement in Nihon Shashin Kōgyō Tsūshin lists the same three models, at respectively ¥24, ¥28 and ¥31.[5] The document mentions f/4.5 and f/6.3 lenses, and the prices probably correspond to the cheaper lens. The picture certainly shows the double extension model again. The features are similar to the 1934 model, except that the wireframe finder is indented at the bottom and has a rectangular eyepiece.
The Tokiwa Camera was also advertised in the July 1935 and January 1936 issues of Ars Camera.[6] The January 1936 advertisement has the same picture as the June 1935 advertisement in Nihon Shashin Kōgyō Tsūshin, and the caption confirms that it shows the daimeishi Tokiwa no.3.[7] The range is extended by the addition of a tefuda model (8×10.5cm), and more details are given:
- No.1, daimeishi, single extension, no movements, from ¥24 with an f/6.3 lens;
- No.2, daimeishi, one-and-a-half extension, no movements, from ¥28 with an f/6.3 lens;
- No.3, daimeishi, true double extension, vertical movements, from ¥32 with an f/6.3 lens;
- No.0, tefuda, true double extension, vertical movements, from ¥45 with an f/6.3 lens.
Surviving examples
 
|
 
|
| Tokiwa No.3, Lidex C shutter, Heliostar Anastigmat München 105mm f/6.3 lens no.96185. Pictures courtesy of eBayer hbpartner. (Image rights) |
The camera pictured in Baird and McKeown as a "Tokiwa Hand Camera" seems to correspond to the Tokiwa No.1 or No.2, with single or "one-and-a-half" extension bellows.[8] It has a small focusing wheel on the right. Its folding struts are similar to those visible in the advertisements. The wireframe finder and eyepiece are the same as on the January 1934 model. The front standard does not seem to allow any movement, and there is no bubble level. The shutter is a dial-set Velio (25, 50, 100, B, T) and the lens is a Meyer Anastigmat Trioplan 10.5cm f/6.3. The name Tokiwa is embossed in the removable ground glass hood; it is not known if it is repeated elsewhere on the camera body.
A very similar camera has been observed in an online auction, only differing by the shape of the folding struts. It has a Koilos dial-set shutter (25, 50, 100, B, T) and a Heliostar Anastigmat München 105mm f/6.3 lens (no.84311).
|
| Lidex C shutter, Heliostar Anastigmat München 105mm f/6.3 lens no.96185. Picture courtesy of eBayer hbpartner. (Image rights) |
The camera pictured in Sugiyama as a "Tokiwa Hand Camera" certainly corresponds to the Tokiwa No.3.[9] It has double extension bellows, a bubble level on the side of the brilliant finder, and vertical movements controlled by a knob at the top of the front standard. The wireframe finder seems to be missing. The shutter is a Lidex by Molta (T, B, 5–200) and the lens is a Heliostar Anastigmat 105mm f/4.5.
A similar camera is pictured in this page. The bubble level is absent and the knob for vertical movements has a different shape. The wireframe finder is shaped as on picture in the June 1935 and January 1936 advertisements, but the rear eyepiece has the same circular shape as on the January 1934 model. The shutter is a Lidex C by Molta, giving T, B, 25, 50, 100, 150 speeds. The shutter plate has Patents~Nippon at the top, Lidex >C< at the bottom and the MTS logo of Molta on the right. The lens is a Heliostar Anastigmat München 105mm f/6.3 (no.96185).
Notes
- ↑ Made by Kuribayashi: Sugiyama, item 1251, Baird, pp.15 and 57–8 of Kuribayashi-Petri Cameras, McKeown, p.576.
- ↑ Supplied to Tokiwa Kōgaku: Baird, pp.15 and 57–8 of Kuribayashi-Petri Cameras, McKeown, p.576.
- ↑ Advertisement reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p.80.
- ↑ Advertisement in Shashin Salon January 1934 reproduced in this page.
- ↑ Advertisement on p.6 of Nihon Shashin Kōgyō Tsūshin June 1st, 1935, reproduced on p.24 of Hyaku-gō goto jūkai no kiroku.
- ↑ Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p.338.
- ↑ Advertisement reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p.80.
- ↑ Example pictured in Baird, pp.57–8 of Kuribayashi-Petri Cameras, McKeown, p.576.
- ↑ Sugiyama, item 1251.
Bibliography
- Asahi Camera (アサヒカメラ) editorial staff. Shōwa 10–40nen kōkoku ni miru kokusan kamera no rekishi (昭和10–40年広告にみる国産カメラの歴史, Japanese camera history as seen in advertisements, 1935–1965). Tokyo: Asahi Shinbunsha, 1994. ISBN 4-02-330312-7. Item 154.
- Baird, John R. Collectors guide to Kuribayashi-Petri Cameras. Grantsburg, WI (USA): Centennial Photo Service, 1991. ISBN 0-931838-16-9. Pp.15 and 57–8.
- McKeown, James M. and Joan C. McKeown's Price Guide to Antique and Classic Cameras, 12th Edition, 2005-2006. USA, Centennial Photo Service, 2004. ISBN 0-931838-40-1 (hardcover). ISBN 0-931838-41-X (softcover). P.576.
- Nihon Shashin Kōgyō Tsūshin (日本写真興業通信). Hyaku-gō goto jūkai no kiroku (百号ごと十回の記録, Ten records, every hundred issues). Tokyo: Nihon Shashin Kōgyō Tsūshin Sha (日本写真興業通信社), 1967. No ISBN number. Advertisement on p.24, corresponding to p.6 of the June 1st, 1935 issue.
- Shashin Salon. Advertisement by Mizuno Shashinki-ten in January 1934. No page number.
- Sugiyama, Kōichi (杉山浩一); Naoi, Hiroaki (直井浩明); Bullock, John R. The Collector's Guide to Japanese Cameras. 国産カメラ図鑑 (Kokusan kamera zukan). Tokyo: Asahi Sonorama, 1985. ISBN 4-257-03187-5. Item 1251.
| Kuribayashi prewar and wartime cameras () | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| rollfilm folders | ||||
| Eagle | Speed Pocket | First Roll | First Center | Semi First | First Six | Baby Semi First | Semi Rotte | Hokoku | Mizuho | ||||
| plate folders | rigid | SLR | TLR | unknown |
| Mikuni | First | First Etui | Kokka | Romax | Tokiwa | Molby | Speed Reflex | First Reflex | Baby First |
