Difference between revisions of "Robot"

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<div class="floatleft plainlinks" style="margin:0px 25px 15px 0px;">
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The '''Robot''' is a brand of 35mm camera, made in Germany by a company that at times has itself been called Robot.
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{{Flickr image
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| image_source=http://www.flickr.com/photos/89864432@N00/2199747095/in/pool-camerawiki
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| image=http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2261/2199747095_a25335c67b_m.jpg
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| image_align=left
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| image_text=Robot IIa of 1951
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|image_by=Uwe Kulick
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|image_rights=with permission
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}}
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</div>
  
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The Robot was made by Robot Photo, of Düsseldorf. The film advance of all Robot cameras of the time was powered by a powerful spring motor that would run for 18 exposures.
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The '''Robot''' was made by Otto Berning & Co. in Schwelm, Westphalia. This internationally much advertised steel-camera designed by [[Kilfitt|Heinz Kilfitt]] had two remarkable features, first a modern type of film advance with double exposure lock and coupled shutter cocking, and second a multi-speed kind of rotating shutter from [[Gauthier]], made completely of metal.
  
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== Models ==
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Two versions of the Robot were launched in 1935: The Robot 1 and Robot 2, the Robot 1 with this feature: After release for one exposure the shutter was locked until the shutter was cocked and the film advanced with it. Both versions had the following features: The film had to be loaded into one "K-cassette". After having made the 50 possible 24x24mm exposures the film was coiled in a second K-cassette.
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In the late fifties they made:
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{{Flickr image
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| image_source=http://www.flickr.com/photos/fantasio4/3275401254/in/pool-camerawiki
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| image=http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3311/3275401254_ef56a78241_m.jpg
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| image_align=right
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| image_text=Robot Star
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| image_by= Thomas Kolesnyk
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|image_rights=non-commercial
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}}
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The Robot shutter was an own category. The cameras were equipped with fine [[Carl Zeiss|Zeiss]] or [[Schneider]] lenses. The Robot 2's special feature was the most significant for the whole camera series: a strong spring motor for film advance, made by the Black Forest clock maker Baeuerle & Söhne. That allowed to make a series of images in a few seconds. Maybe this feature plus the camera's robust stainless steel body made it one of the prefered cameras of the German army. Especially the German Luftwaffe owned special versions of it with more robust spring motor and a 75mm Xenar lens. The prewar models were equipped with a hybrid finder.
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In 1939 the design was changed, with the finder inside the camera top. This design is called the '''Robot II'''.
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{{br}}
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==Models==
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{{Flickr image
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| image_source=http://www.flickr.com/photos/silhouettepies/2148042633/in/pool-cameramania
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| image=http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2061/2148042633_ce46be3ca0_m.jpg
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| image_align=right
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| image_text=Robot II of 1939
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| image_by=Patrick Stacey
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| image_rights=creative commons
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}}
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1930s:
 +
* Robot
 +
* Robot II
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1940s:
 +
* military variant
 +
1950s:
 +
* Robot IIa
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* Robot SC Electronic 35
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* Robot Junior
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* Robot OS 35F
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{{Flickr image
 +
| image_source=http://www.flickr.com/photos/siimvahur/4638961036/in/pool-camerawiki
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| image=http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4027/4638961036_e98321599c_m.jpg
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| image_align=right
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| image_text=Luftwaffe Eigentum
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| image_by=Siim Vahur
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| image_rights= with permission
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}}
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* Robot Recorder
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* Robot Royal II/III
 
* Robot Star
 
* Robot Star
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* Robot Royal II/III
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* Robot Vollautomat Star II
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* Robot Junior
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later
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*Robot Motorrecorder 36
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{{br}}{{Flickr image
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| image_source=http://www.flickr.com/photos/ricksoloway/2236897358/in/pool-camerawiki
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| image=http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2257/2236897358_312ef235fe_m.jpg
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| image_align=right
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| image_text=1950s' Robot II without accessory shoe
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| image_by=Rick Soloway
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| image_rights=with permission
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}}
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{{Flickr image
 +
| image_source=http://www.flickr.com/photos/rborges/3611372887/in/pool-camerawiki
 +
| image=http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3405/3611372887_52704418bb_m.jpg
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| image_align=left
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| image_text=Robot Royal
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| image_by=Raphael Borges
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| image_rights= with permission
 +
}}
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The '''Robot IIa''' was launched in 1951. It was modified for use with standard 35mm film cartridges. By 1962, the two main models were the Robot Star II and the Robot Royal.
  
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By 1962, the two main models were the Robot Star II and the Robot Royal.
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The '''Robot Star II''', taking 24&times;24mm exposures, has an all-metal Rotor shutter (1/4 to 1/500), a direct vision viewfinder, and a screw mount for interchangeable lenses by Schneider. The standard lens is a Schneider Xenon 40mm f1.9.
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The '''Robot Star II''', taking 24&times;24mm exposures, has an all-metal Rotor shutter (1/4 to 1/500), a direct vision <!-- What does this mean? Plain I think - no Bright Line --> finder, and a screw mount for interchangeable lenses by Schneider. The standard lens is a Schneider Xenon 40mm f1.9.
 
  
 
Also available was the '''Robot Star II/50''', with a double spring motor for 50 exposures and a Xenar 38mm f2.8 lens.
 
Also available was the '''Robot Star II/50''', with a double spring motor for 50 exposures and a Xenar 38mm f2.8 lens.
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This camera was available in two versions: the '''Robot Royal 36s''' has the standard 24&times;36mm frame size and a Schneider Xenar 45mm f2.8 lens. The '''Robot Royal 24S''' has 24&times;24 mm framesize and a choice among three standard lenses, all by Schneider: Xenar 38mm f2.8, Xenon 40mm f1.9, and Xenar 45mm f2.8.
 
This camera was available in two versions: the '''Robot Royal 36s''' has the standard 24&times;36mm frame size and a Schneider Xenar 45mm f2.8 lens. The '''Robot Royal 24S''' has 24&times;24 mm framesize and a choice among three standard lenses, all by Schneider: Xenar 38mm f2.8, Xenon 40mm f1.9, and Xenar 45mm f2.8.
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{{Br}}
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{{Flickr_image
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|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/9823167@N06/1010496510/in/pool-camerawiki
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|image= http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1321/1010496510_f53051a4cd.jpg
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|image_align= right
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|image_text= Robot Junior
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|image_by= Philipp Reimann
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|image_rights= with permission
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}}
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Robot cameras were added to professional equipment, for example to microscopes, endoscopes, and ophtalmologic eye-control instruments. In medicine and other sciences the reliable cameras were popular because of the spring motor. Finally the legendary sturdiness of the Robots opened them the market of car-speed control cameras. Example: A ''Robot Motorrecorder 36 DAP'' was built into mobile ''eso µP 80'' car-speed control instruments of the police<ref>[http://www.radarfalle.de/technik/ueberwachungstechnik/eso.php?print=true eso µP 80 car-speed control camera system with built-in ''Robot Motorrecorder 36 DAP'']</ref>.
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==Serial Numbers==
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The Robot I has no prefix to the serial number, others are prefixed with a letter as follows:
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Robot II -  B
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Robot II Luftwaffen -  F
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Robot IIa -  C
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Robot Star -  D
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Robot Junior -  J
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Robot Star II -  L  (later Robot Star models have a 2 prefix)
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Robot Royal Model III -  G
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Robot Royal 18, 24 -  G
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Robot Royal Model II -  H
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Robot Royal 36, 36S -  Z
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Robot Recorder -  K
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{{Flickr_image
 +
|image_source=http://www.flickr.com/photos/camerawiki/6111015065/in/pool-camerawiki
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|image=http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6192/6111015065_50cc3745ae_n.jpg
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|image_align=right
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|image_text=Robot ad, Feb 1949 U.S. Camera
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|image_by=camerawiki
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|image_rights=public domain
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}}
  
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==Notes==
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<REFERENCES/>
 
==Links==
 
==Links==
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* [http://www.collection-appareils.com/robot/html/recorder_36_bet.php Recorder 36 BET] at www.collection-appareils.com
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In German:
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* [http://www.collection-appareils.com/robot/html/royal_36.php Royal 36] at www.collection-appareils.com
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* [http://www.robot-camera.de The main site about Robot cameras], and direct link to [http://www.robot-camera.de/Robot_Kameras/Robot_1/Robot_I_Werbung/robot_i_werbung.html old ad page with many 1930s ads in English]
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In English:
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*[https://www.flickr.com/photos/vox/51295572165/in/pool-camerawiki/ 1951 ad from Olden Camera] listing Robot II features; scan by [https://www.flickr.com/photos/vox/ Voxphoto on Flickr]
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* Documents at [http://www.orphancameras.com/ www.orphancameras.com]:
 +
** [http://www.butkus.org/chinon/robot/robot_indestructible/robot_indestructible.htm Robot Indestructible manual]
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** [http://www.butkus.org/chinon/robot/robot_junior_star/robot_junior_star.htm Robot Junior Star instruction manual]
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** [http://www.butkus.org/chinon/robot/robot_iia/robot_iia.htm Robot IIA instruction manual]
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** [http://www.butkus.org/chinon/robot/robot_star_ii/robot_star_ii.htm Robot Star II Vollautomat instruction manual]
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** [http://www.butkus.org/chinon/robot/royal_robot/royal_robot.htm Royal Robot Recorder instruction manual]
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** [http://www.butkus.org/chinon/robot/royal_robot/royal_robot.htm Robot Guide - basic instructions]
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** [http://www.butkus.org/chinon/robot/robot_indestructible/robot_indestructible.htm Indestructible Robot pricing]
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In French:
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* [https://www.collection-appareils.fr/general/html/liste_imagettes_marque_eng.php?lettre=Robot Robot models] on [http://www.collection-appareils.fr/carrousel/html/index.php www.collection-appareils.fr] by Sylvain Halgand
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* [http://www.collectiongeven.com/piwigo/index.php?/category/700 Robot page] at [http://www.collectiongeven.com/piwigo/ Collection G. Even's site]
  
 
[[Category: German 35mm viewfinder]]
 
[[Category: German 35mm viewfinder]]
 
[[Category: 35mm rangefinder system]]
 
[[Category: 35mm rangefinder system]]
 +
[[Category: Spring motor]]
 
[[Category: 24x24]]
 
[[Category: 24x24]]
 
[[Category: R]]
 
[[Category: R]]

Latest revision as of 20:24, 6 July 2021

2199747095_a25335c67b_m.jpg
Robot IIa of 1951
image by Uwe Kulick (Image rights)

The Robot was made by Otto Berning & Co. in Schwelm, Westphalia. This internationally much advertised steel-camera designed by Heinz Kilfitt had two remarkable features, first a modern type of film advance with double exposure lock and coupled shutter cocking, and second a multi-speed kind of rotating shutter from Gauthier, made completely of metal.

Two versions of the Robot were launched in 1935: The Robot 1 and Robot 2, the Robot 1 with this feature: After release for one exposure the shutter was locked until the shutter was cocked and the film advanced with it. Both versions had the following features: The film had to be loaded into one "K-cassette". After having made the 50 possible 24x24mm exposures the film was coiled in a second K-cassette.

3275401254_ef56a78241_m.jpg
Robot Star
image by Thomas Kolesnyk (Image rights)

The Robot shutter was an own category. The cameras were equipped with fine Zeiss or Schneider lenses. The Robot 2's special feature was the most significant for the whole camera series: a strong spring motor for film advance, made by the Black Forest clock maker Baeuerle & Söhne. That allowed to make a series of images in a few seconds. Maybe this feature plus the camera's robust stainless steel body made it one of the prefered cameras of the German army. Especially the German Luftwaffe owned special versions of it with more robust spring motor and a 75mm Xenar lens. The prewar models were equipped with a hybrid finder.

In 1939 the design was changed, with the finder inside the camera top. This design is called the Robot II.

Models

2148042633_ce46be3ca0_m.jpg
Robot II of 1939
image by Patrick Stacey (Image rights)

1930s:

  • Robot
  • Robot II

1940s:

  • military variant

1950s:

  • Robot IIa
  • Robot SC Electronic 35
  • Robot Junior
  • Robot OS 35F
4638961036_e98321599c_m.jpg
Luftwaffe Eigentum
image by Siim Vahur (Image rights)
  • Robot Recorder
  • Robot Royal II/III
  • Robot Star
  • Robot Vollautomat Star II

later

  • Robot Motorrecorder 36


2236897358_312ef235fe_m.jpg
1950s' Robot II without accessory shoe
image by Rick Soloway (Image rights)
3611372887_52704418bb_m.jpg
Robot Royal
image by Raphael Borges (Image rights)

The Robot IIa was launched in 1951. It was modified for use with standard 35mm film cartridges. By 1962, the two main models were the Robot Star II and the Robot Royal.

The Robot Star II, taking 24×24mm exposures, has an all-metal Rotor shutter (1/4 to 1/500), a direct vision viewfinder, and a screw mount for interchangeable lenses by Schneider. The standard lens is a Schneider Xenon 40mm f1.9.

Also available was the Robot Star II/50, with a double spring motor for 50 exposures and a Xenar 38mm f2.8 lens.

The Robot Royal has "Kinographic" capability of 4 or 5 exposures per second. It has a coupled rangefinder, and a choice of eight bayonet-mount interchangeable lenses.

This camera was available in two versions: the Robot Royal 36s has the standard 24×36mm frame size and a Schneider Xenar 45mm f2.8 lens. The Robot Royal 24S has 24×24 mm framesize and a choice among three standard lenses, all by Schneider: Xenar 38mm f2.8, Xenon 40mm f1.9, and Xenar 45mm f2.8.

1010496510_f53051a4cd.jpg
Robot Junior
image by Philipp Reimann (Image rights)

Robot cameras were added to professional equipment, for example to microscopes, endoscopes, and ophtalmologic eye-control instruments. In medicine and other sciences the reliable cameras were popular because of the spring motor. Finally the legendary sturdiness of the Robots opened them the market of car-speed control cameras. Example: A Robot Motorrecorder 36 DAP was built into mobile eso µP 80 car-speed control instruments of the police[1].

Serial Numbers

The Robot I has no prefix to the serial number, others are prefixed with a letter as follows:

Robot II - B

Robot II Luftwaffen - F

Robot IIa - C

Robot Star - D

Robot Junior - J

Robot Star II - L (later Robot Star models have a 2 prefix)

Robot Royal Model III - G

Robot Royal 18, 24 - G

Robot Royal Model II - H

Robot Royal 36, 36S - Z

Robot Recorder - K

6111015065_50cc3745ae_n.jpg
Robot ad, Feb 1949 U.S. Camera
image by camerawiki (Image rights)

Notes

  1. ↑ eso µP 80 car-speed control camera system with built-in Robot Motorrecorder 36 DAP

Links

In German:

In English:

In French:

Retrieved from "http://camera-wiki.org/index.php?title=Robot&oldid=207443"