Difference between revisions of "Horizont"

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Revision as of 18:38, 27 December 2011

2184012180_6b0c00fe15.jpg
Horizont with viewfinder
image by John Nuttall (Image rights)

The Horizont is a lineage of swing-lens panoramic cameras similar in design to the Panon Widelux or the later KW Noblex and a departure from its predecessor, the KMZ FT-2. It was produced from 1967-1973 (Horizont, chrome) and again from 1991 onwards (Horizon-202 etc., black plastic).

Horizont (1967-1973)

The Horizont, marked in cyrillic Горизонт for the home market, is a sturdy and well built Russian panoramic camera, Some 49,849 were made by Krasnogorski Mekhanicheskii Zavod (KMZ) from 1967-1973[1]. The panning ОФ-28П (OF-28P) 28mm f2.8 lens makes 24×58mm frames on 35mm film, giving a 120° view.[2] By adjusting the slit width exposure times of 1/30s, 1/60s and 1/125s can be set on the dial at the top plate. An un-calibrated and unmarked 1/250s is also available. In the center of the dial is a film speed reminder dial. A spirit level is located on the left corner of the top plate, which is covered when the detacheable viewfinder is fitted into a vertical shoe on the front. A mirror system allows the user to see the spirit level when looking through the viewfinder.[3] As with most Soviet cameras of that era, the two first digits in the serial number at the back indicates year of manufacture.

A complete set also includes a sloping bakelite hand grip to be fitted to the left side if the camera base, and a black leather outfit case. Later variants were supplied with a cyclindrical hand grip and a brown leather case.

Variations

A number of variants of the Horizont are known, which differ mainly in the badging

  • Горизонт for the domestic and Eastern Bloc export market. Name plate silver and black
    • Early version with 1/250th shutter speed market. Name plate silver and black. [4]
      • Some export models have a 'Made in USSR' engraving on the back.[5]
      • Some export models have a 'Made in USSR' engraving on the bottom.[6]
      • Some export models have a 'Made in USSR' and 'Author Certificate' engraving on the bottom.[6]
    • Standard version lacking the 1/250th speed indicator[7]with semi-circular recess for the rewind release button.[6]
    • Standard version as above, but with circular recess for the rewind release button.[6]
    • Late version (1972-73), with silver and red name plate.[6][8]
  • Horizont for the Western export market. (-1972)[9]
  • Horizont Revue, distributed by the German department store Foto-Quelle) in 1969[10][11]
    • Variant, just REVUE on the name plate[6]
  • Kalimar Wide-X, distributed by the the U.S. importer Kalimar[6]
  • Global-H, distributed by¶¶ for the Australian Market[12][6]


6535722887_ae635e520f_m.jpg
Frontal view
6535730271_c28dbed516_m.jpg
Rear View
6535736695_82463fff82_m.jpg
Top view with viewfinder attached
6535746279_7cefc93b2b_m.jpg
Top view with viewfinder removed
6535737851_59dda151a9_m.jpg
Bottom view
6000580149_a8b041d3b6_m.jpg
KMZ Horizont (1972) with Grip
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Horizont Lens OF-28P 2.8/28
6086395191_09f3c6524b_m.jpg
Viewfinder of the Horizont with spirit level

KMZ Horizont, late version (1972-1973)
images by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)

Horizon 202 / Horizon Kompakt

The Horizont / Horizon 202 (Горизонт-202)(1991-2005) is an updated version with an plastic outer body shell designed by V. Shablevitch[13]. The plastic used is an early version of ABS[14] which proved to be less scratch-resistant than expected. The camera has a built-in viewfinder, which is centred on the top-plate. A spirit level is mounted centrally on the view finder and can be seen externally, as well as in the viewfinder itself. A total of 23329 units were produced[1]

202 Variants

  • Горизонт 202 Early versions fitted with the ОФ-28П f2.8/28mm, later versions with the coated MC Arsat f2.8/28mm[15][16]
  • Horizont 202. Early versions fitted with the ОФ-28П f2.8/28mm, later versions with the coated MC Arsat f2.8/28mm. Export markings "[Zenit Logo] USSR" on the bottom plate [15]
  • Horizon 202. Export markings "MADE IN RUSSIA" on the bottom plate [15]
    • Units without serial number (early)
    • Units with serial number on body (late)
  • Horizont 202s Limited production version with additiona 1/15 and 1/500 speed settings[13][17]
  • Technopan-202 Rebadged versions of the Horizont 202[18].
  • PAN-35SL Rebadged versions of the Horizont 202 sold in France by ¶¶ and in Italy by Sylvestri[19].

Horizon Kompakt

The Horizon Kompakt (Горизонт-kompakt; Lomo model 950) (2005–?2009) is similar to the Horizon 202, but commonly finished in cream, with a knob advance, while the 202 has lever advance.

  • Cream model with coloured face logos attached to the turret (known in green ¶¶).
  • Black model with Russian text (in green) 'Industar MC 8/2.8" or with a green face on the turret.[20]


5830399356_7ddc6f3a28_m.jpg
5829854809_e39511b698_m.jpg
5830403708_755026d9f1_m.jpg

Zenit Horizon 202
images by Raúl Sá Dantas (Image rights)

6086400801_c4e542ab68_m.jpg
Zenit Horizon 202 viewfinder
with spirit level
image by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)
2100997913_b59cbc4b2a_m.jpg
Zenit Horizon Kompakt full package
image by Mauricio Giraldo (Image rights)
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Zenit Horizon Kompakt
image by Chris Mettraux (Image rights)

Horizon S3

The Horizon S3 was developed from the Horizon 202 (and initially called the Horizon 203), by reshaping the exterior, giving a more rounded appearance. The external shell was now made from ABS plastic which improved resistance to shock and minor damage.[14] The mechanics were overhauled with the aim of reducing the noise emitted by the gears and the turning turret.[21]

Horizon S3 Pro / (2003–)

Горизонт-S3

Horizon S3-500 (2005–)

A further development of the Horizon S3 with the addition of a 1/500th shutter speed. Горизонт-S3-500 http://www.flickr.com/photos/pochedunfou/2459296579/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/sking16/5272193850/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/please/267888517/

Horizon S3-Sport (2005–)

A further development of the Horizon S3-500 but with the removal of all shutter speeds below 1/60th.[22]

Horizon Perfect (200¶–)

The Horizon Perfect (Lomo model 951) is similar to the Horizon S3. It is made from ABS plastic[14] Coloured face logos are attached to the turret (known in yellow, red ¶¶ [23]


3061103122_9b654a5193_m.jpg
Horizon 202 front
3060266947_124800fc0c_m.jpg
Horizon 202 top

Zenit Horizon 202
images by Lachlan Doig (Image rights)

5521214071_b3b8b86f32_m.jpg
Horizon Perfekt
image by samflux (Image rights)
265564764_bf1c595011_m.jpg
Horizon Perfekt
image by MaxChu (Image rights)
2267780551_a661c96e84_m.jpg
Horizon 202 top
image by Daniel Y. Go (Image rights)

Zenit Horizon Perfekt



Specifications

Table 1 Overview of the Technical Specifications of the Horizon Panorama Cameras

Horizont Horizon 202 Horizon Kompakt Horizon S3 Pro Horizon S3-500 Horizon S3-Sport Horizon Perfect
Year 1967-1973 1991-2005 2005-?2009 2003– 2005– 2005– ?2009-?2010
Lens ОФ-28П f2.8/28mm ОФ-28П f2.8/28mm
Arsat MC f2.8/28mm    		MC OF-28P
Industar MC 8/2.8    		MC 2.8/28 MG MC OF-28P
Angle horizontal     120° 120° 120° 120° 120° 120° 120°
Angle vertical 45º 45º 45º 45º 45º 45º 45º
f-stops 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16      2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16      8 only 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16      2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16      2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16      8 only     
Shutter Speeds 1, 1/30, 1/60, 1/125 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/60,
1/125, 1/250    		1/2, 1/60,     1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/60,
1/125, 1/250    		1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/60,
1/125, 1/250, 1/500    		1/60, 1/125,
1/250, 1/500   
Dimensions (mm)[24] 150 x 66.5 x 100 117.5 x 146 x 75 117.5 x 146 x 73
Weight (g) 919 701
Quantity built 49849 23329 2635[25] 871[25] 3500[25]

Reference

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 KMZ R&D Center site: Cameras production data
  2. ↑ The lens serial numbers do not seem consecutive. Observed were for ex sn#5851 on body sn#6703209 (eBay Dec 2011) and sn# 3833 on body sn#7200984
  3. ↑ User Manual
  4. ↑ Some variants are known where the detachable finder also carries a KMZ logo and the serial number; for ex sn# 6704301 (online auction, eBay December 2011)
  5. ↑ sn# 6801942; online auction, eBay December 2011
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 SovietCams
  7. ↑ But the speed could still be obtained, within tolerances.—sn# 6807659; online auction, eBay December 2011
  8. ↑ The symbol underneath Горизонт is the Soviet logo for Export Quality
  9. ↑ Some variants are known where the detachaable finder also carries a KMZ logo and the serial number
  10. ↑ Catalogue Foto-Quelle 1969, p.13 (Sylvain Halgand's site.—The camera is no longer listed in the 1972 catalogue
  11. ↑ Observed serial numbers also show 1969 production:: 6903500 (Christies 24 November 1994 Auction 6680 Lot 10; 6903951 (eBay 370568784949 Dec 2011);.—See also Auction Breker 30 April 2005 Lot 732
  12. ↑ image on Futua
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Alfred Klomp's site
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Lomo Site.—Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is a common thermoplastic. Collectors note that ABS plastic is damaged by sunlight!
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Soviet Cams
  16. ↑ Kiev Camera
  17. ↑ [http://www.zenitcamera.com/archive/horizon/index.html Zenit site
  18. ↑ KMZ R&D Center cite: Cameras names and trademarks
  19. ↑ KMZ R&D Center cite: Cameras names and trademarks
  20. ↑ Lomo Site
  21. ↑ [http://www.zenitcamera.com/archive/horizon/index.html Zenit site
  22. ↑ RUGIFT site
  23. ↑ Lomo site
  24. ↑ With viewfinder, without grip
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 Until 2005 according to Zenit production data

Links

Horizont (1967-1973)

Horizont 202

Horizont Kompact

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