Graflex reflex models

History

The Graflex is a sheet-film single-lens reflex camera first produced in 1898 in New York, N.Y by the Folmer & Schwing Manufacturing Company of New York, NY. In the early years it was made in a variety of formats, settling down in the 1920s to a number of long-lived models which share the same basic design and mode of operation.

The Graflex vertical focal-plane shutter consists of a single curtain with a series of four slits of widths from 1-1/2 inches to 1/8 inch. The shutter spring can be set to six different tensions. Different combinations of slit width and spring tension allow a choice of 24 speeds ranging from 1/10 to 1/1000 as well as Time. When the shutter is released, the mirror swings up and triggers the curtain to travel from top to bottom. In the last models the tension settings were reduced to a simple High and Low, permitting 8 different speeds.

The standard lenses are for the most part f/4.5 Kodak Anastigmats and, in later years, Kodak Ektars. The rare Series C, a 3-1/4 x 4-1/4 model, is equipped with an immense f/2.5 Taylor-Hobson-Cooke lens.

All Graflex models feature the distinctive tall focusing hood that folds under the lid of the camera.

In 1927 Kodak divested itself of the Folmer-Schwing division, which re-organized as the Folmer-Graflex corporation. Folmer-Graflex, which also manufactured the Graphic press cameras, was finally dissolved in 1973. The last of the Graflex SLRs was produced in 1963.

Models

Most Graflex cameras were made with a revolving (actually rotating) back, abbreviated to RB, which allowed shooting in vertical or horizontal orientations without turning the camera. All were made of straight-grain Honduras mahogany covered with black Morocco leather. The Graflex back is unique: the various film holders and magazines that fit the Graphic cameras will not fit the Graflex cameras and vice-versa.

The RB Series B was produced in 2-1/4 x 3-1/4 (1923-1952), 3-1/4 x 4-1/4 (1923-1942) and 4 x 5 (1923-1940) formats.

The fixed-back Series B was produced in 3-1/4 x 4-1/4 (1925-1937), 4 x 5 (1925-1937) and 5 x 7 (1923-1932) formats.

The 5 x 7 RB Home Portrait model (1912-1940) has a slower top shutter speed of 1/500. Besides its function for portrait photography outside the studio, it was used with "Big Bertha" telephoto lenses of focal lengths up to 40 inches for long-distance sports photography.

The RB Series D, which features interchangeable lens boards, was produced in 3-1/4 x 4-1/4 (1928-1941) and 4 x 5 formats (1928-1947).

The RB Auto series in addition features a greater bellows extension, allowing the use of longer telephoto lenses. It was produced in 3-1/4 x 4-1/4 (1909-1942) and 4 x 5 (1909-1940) formats.

The RB Super D, which features a semi-automatic diaphragm, was produced in 3-1/4 x 4-1/4 (1941-1963) and 4 x 5 (1948-1957) formats.

The National Graflex (1931-1940) has a metal body in a shape that resembles a lunch box and produces 10 exposures measuring 2-1/8 x 2-1/2 on 120 roll film. Shutter speeds range from 1/30 to 1/500 and B.

Source

Morgan, Willard D. and Lester, Henry M. Graphic Graflex Photography. New York, 1954.

Links

• Graflex RB tele on www.collection-appareils.com by Sylvain Halgand
• http://www.graflex.org
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graflex
• World of Graflex - Lots of photos
• Super D and other Graflex Reflex Cameras.
• Graflex model instruction models at www.orphancameras.com
• [1] Graflex ads and original pricing