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− | '''Zuiko''' is the name of the camera lenses made by [[Olympus]], from the first one, mounted in 1936 on the [[Semi Olympus]], to the present day. All | + | {{Flickr_image |
+ | |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/phollectormo/5600387226/in/pool-camerawiki | ||
+ | |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5110/5600387226_78db2068cf.jpg | ||
+ | |image_align= right | ||
+ | |image_text= 28mm f/2.8 Zuiko MC [[Olympus OM lenses|OM-system lens]] | ||
+ | |image_by= phollectormo | ||
+ | |image_rights= wp | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | '''Zuiko''' is the name of the camera lenses made by [[Olympus]], from the first one, mounted in 1936 on the [[Semi Olympus]], to the present day. All Olympus cameras use lenses made by the company, but the word 'Zuiko' is not mentioned on some of the cheaper point and shoot compact models. | ||
− | Zuikō is written 瑞光 in Japanese and can be translated as "auspicious optics" or "auspicious light". | + | == Zuiko name == |
+ | Zuikō is written 瑞光 in Japanese and can be translated as "auspicious optics" or "auspicious light". The name was adopted after a contest open to the company employees,<REF> Maitani, [https://web.archive.org/web/20080222192340/http://www.olympus-zuiko.com/dev_spirits/maitani/vol01/index.html "Kamera-zukuri he no bōken"] (archived); Sakai, p.7 of {{KKS}} no.20; Francesch, p.19. </ref> being a contraction of the first characters of "Mizuho Kōgaku Kenkyūjo" (瑞穂光学研究所, meaning Mizuho Optical Research Institute), name of a branch of Takachiho Seisakusho (the later Olympus) founded to develop the camera lens. | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Letter code == | ||
+ | Where a lens is denominated with a letter before the Zuiko name (e.g. ''D.Zuiko'' or ''F.Zuiko'') it represents the number of optical elements in the lens. The letter's placing in the alphabet corresponds to the number of elements present — so a ''D.Zuiko'' lens has 4 elements, and a ''F.Zuiko'' has 6. Olympus began to phase out these letter designations when introducing new products in the early 1980s (e.g. the XA-3 and XA-4). | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Numbering of early Zuiko lenses == | ||
+ | Early Zuiko lenses were numbered in a single sequence, starting at 1000 or 1001 with the 75mm f/4.5 lens of the [[Semi Olympus]]. There were a few jumps in the sequence, which was notably reset at 20000 when production was started again after 1945. The original sequence went well past 120000, and further batches were started, e.g. at 300000 (for the [[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six III]]) and 370000 (for the [[Elmoflex]]). All these numbers were engraved with a ''No.'' prefix. | ||
+ | |||
+ | In 1953, the common sequence was dropped, and each lens type received its own number sequence, distinguished by the absence of the ''No.'' prefix. The lenses mounted on [[Olympus]] products had their numbers reset at 100000, and those sold to other camera manufacturers had higher batch numbers, e.g. starting at 400000 for the [[Elmoflex|Elmoflex III-F]]. Some lenses mounted on [[Olympus]] cameras, such as the Zuiko F.C. 7.5cm f/3.5 of the [[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six III]], successively received the two numbering schemes. This apparently caused some confusion to customers who feared that the new lenses — without ''No.'' prefix and with a serial number reset at 100001 — were fake. The [[Olympus]] company placed an advertisement in the November 1953 issues of {{ACA}} and {{SK}} to explain the matter.<REF> Advertisement in {{ACA}} November 1953, p.157. </REF> | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| class="plainlinks" align="center" width=600px style="text-align: center;" | ||
+ | || [http://www.flickr.com/photos/camerawiki/48598725112/in/pool-camerawiki/ https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/48598725112_d355241b85_d.jpg] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Announcement in {{SK}} November 1953, explaining the new numbering scheme without ''No.'' prefix. A [http://www.flickr.com/photos/rebollo_fr/4063764235/in/pool-camerawiki/ similar announcement] appeared in {{ACA}}. {{public domain Japan new}}'' | ||
+ | |} | ||
== Zuiko interchangeable lenses == | == Zuiko interchangeable lenses == | ||
− | + | * [[Olympus OM system|OM]] series: ''see [[Olympus OM lenses]]'' | |
− | * [[OM]] series: ''see [[Olympus OM lenses]]'' | ||
* M42 ([[FTL]]) series: ''see [[42mm screw lenses#Olympus|42mm screw lenses]]'' | * M42 ([[FTL]]) series: ''see [[42mm screw lenses#Olympus|42mm screw lenses]]'' | ||
* [[Pen F]] series: ''see [[Olympus Pen F lenses]]'' | * [[Pen F]] series: ''see [[Olympus Pen F lenses]]'' | ||
* [[Ace]] series: ''see [[Olympus Ace]]'' | * [[Ace]] series: ''see [[Olympus Ace]]'' | ||
− | * Exakta lens: ''see [[Exakta | + | * Exakta lens: ''see [[Zuiko 4cm f/3.5 for Exakta]]'' |
− | * Leica screw lens: ''see [[ | + | * Leica screw lens: ''see [[Zuiko 4cm f/2.8 for Leica]]'' |
* [[Olympus Standard]] lenses: ''see [[Olympus Standard]]'' | * [[Olympus Standard]] lenses: ''see [[Olympus Standard]]'' | ||
+ | * Zuiko Digital series for the [[Four-Thirds]] system: ''see [[Four-Thirds lenses]]'' | ||
== Zuiko for other companies == | == Zuiko for other companies == | ||
Line 19: | Line 42: | ||
* [[Mamiya Six]] by [[Mamiya]] | * [[Mamiya Six]] by [[Mamiya]] | ||
* [[Wagoflex]] by [[Walz]] | * [[Wagoflex]] by [[Walz]] | ||
− | * [[Wester Chrome Six R]] by [[Nishida]] | + | * [[Wester 6×6 folders|Wester Chrome Six R]] by [[Nishida]] |
− | * perhaps some [[Semi Minolta]] by [[Chiyoda Kogaku]] | + | * perhaps some [[Semi Minolta III]] by [[Chiyoda Kogaku]] |
== List of Zuiko lenses == | == List of Zuiko lenses == | ||
− | === | + | === 13.5×18mm lenses === |
+ | A range of 'Zuiko Digital'-branded lenses developed for the [[Four-Thirds]] digital SLR system. See [[Four-Thirds lenses]] for further details. | ||
+ | |||
+ | === 18×24mm lenses === | ||
+ | A range of interchangeable SLR lenses for the half-frame [[Olympus Pen F|Pen F]] system — see [[Olympus Pen F lenses]] for further details. | ||
+ | |||
+ | === 24×36mm lenses === | ||
+ | A single lens was made in Leica screw mount; see [[Zuiko 4cm f/2.8 for Leica]]. Other Zuiko lenses may have been remounted for Leica by third-party workshops (see the high-aperture lenses below).<REF> HPR, p.410, also mentions a Zuiko 90/4 and a Zuiko 135/3.5, both with a question mark. The existence of these lenses is dubious. </REF> | ||
− | + | A single lens was made in Exakta mount; see [[Zuiko 4cm f/3.5 for Exakta]]. | |
− | + | A small range of interchangeable lenses in 42mm screw mount was developed for the [[Olympus FTL]]; see [[42mm screw lenses#Olympus|42mm screw lenses]] for further details. | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | A large range of interchangeable lenses for the 35mm [[Olympus OM system|OM system]] was developed over a period of thirty years; see [[Olympus OM lenses]] for further details. | |
+ | === 4×4cm lenses === | ||
+ | * '''60/2.8''' Olympus D.Zuiko, 4 elements, taking and viewing lens of the f/2.8 [[Olympus Eye 44|Eye 44]] | ||
+ | * '''60/3.5''', taking and viewing lens of the f/3.5 [[Olympus Eye 44|Eye 44]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === 4×5cm lenses === | ||
Interchangeable lenses of the [[Olympus Standard]]: ''see [[Olympus Standard]]''. | Interchangeable lenses of the [[Olympus Standard]]: ''see [[Olympus Standard]]''. | ||
− | === 4.5& | + | === 4.5×6cm and 6×6cm lenses === |
+ | The first prototype lenses made by [[Olympus|Takachiho]] in 1936 include the 75/4.5 mounted on the Semi Olympus, a 105/4.5 for 6.5×9cm format (listed below), and perhaps a 75/3.5.<REF> The 75/3.5 is only mentioned in Sakai, p.7 of {{KKS}} no.20. </REF> | ||
+ | {| class="plainlinks" align="center" style="text-align: center;" | ||
+ | || [http://www.flickr.com/photos/camerawiki/48598606306/in/pool-camerawiki https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/48598606306_2012d9ceb4_m_d.jpg] [http://www.flickr.com/photos/camerawiki/48604653736/in/pool-camerawiki https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/48604653736_39e570b91b_m_d.jpg] [http://www.flickr.com/photos/camerawiki/48604666496/in/pool-camerawiki https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/48604666496_242c60559c_m_d.jpg] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Zuikô 75mm f/4.5 no.1137. Picture by Henk. {{with permission}}''<br>''Zuikô 7.5cm f/4.5 no.3620. Picture by Adrian Gotts. {{with permission}}''<br>''Zuiko-S 7.5cm f/4.5 no.12507. Picture by M. Walters. {{with permission}}'' | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | Table of Zuiko '''75mm''' and '''7.5cm''' medium-format lenses ''(the "lowest" and "highest" numbers correspond to the serial numbers actually observed)'': | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| border="1" cellpadding="4" style="margin: 0.5em 2em; text-align: center; border-collapse: collapse;" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="vert-align: top;" | type | ||
+ | | style="vert-align: top;" | formula | ||
+ | | style="vert-align: top;" | actual marking | ||
+ | | style="vert-align: top;" | bezel | ||
+ | | style="vert-align: top;" | prefix | ||
+ | | style="vert-align: top;" | lowest<br>number | ||
+ | | style="vert-align: top;" | highest<br>number | ||
+ | | style="vert-align: top;" | camera<br>models | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan=4 | '''Zuiko<br>f/4.5''' || rowspan=4 | four elements in three groups<br>(prewar and wartime) | ||
+ | || ''Takatiho Tôkyô Zuikô 1:4.5 f=75mm.'' || black || ''No.'' || 1048 || 1142 || [[Semi Olympus]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Zuikô 1:4,5 f=75mm Takatiho Tokyo'' || black || ''No.'' || 1221 || _ || [[Semi Olympus II]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Zuikô 1:4,5 f=7.5cm Takatiho Tokyo'' || black || ''No.'' || 144x || 3797 || [[Semi Olympus II]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Zuiko 1:4,5 f=7.5cm Takatiho Tokyo'' || black || ''No.'' || 5253 || 8470 || [[Semi Olympus]] (isolated example)<br>[[Semi Olympus II]]<br>[[Olympus Six|Olympus Six I]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || '''Zuiko-S<br>f/4.5''' || five elements in three groups<br>(wartime) | ||
+ | || ''Zuiko–S 1:4,5 f=7,5cm Takatiho Tokyo'' || black || ''No.'' || 12507 || 13501 || [[Olympus Six#Five-element lenses|Super Olympus I]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || '''Zuiko<br>f/3.5''' || four elements in three groups<br>(prewar and wartime) | ||
+ | || ''Zuiko 1:3,5 f=7,5cm Takatiho Tokyo'' || silver || ''No.'' || 7182 || 10727 || [[Olympus Six|Olympus Six II]]<br>[[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six]] (isolated prototype) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || '''Zuiko-S<br>f/3.5''' || five elements in three groups<br>(wartime) | ||
+ | || ''Zuiko–S 1:3,5 f=7,5cm Takatiho Tokyo'' || silver || ''No.'' || 12126 || _ || [[Olympus Six#Five-element lenses|Super Olympus II]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan=18 | '''Zuiko<br>f/3.5''' || rowspan=18 | four elements in three groups<br>(recomputed in 1946) | ||
+ | || ''Zuiko 1:3,5 f=7,5cm Takatiho Tokyo'' || silver || ''No.'' || 20016 || 3476x || [[Olympus Six|Olympus Six]] (postwar)<br>[[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six I]]<br>[[Mamiya Six]] (early postwar) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Zuiko 1:3,5 f=7,5cm Takatiho Tokyo'' || black || ''No.'' || 50907 || _ || [[Elmoflex]] (early postwar) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko Coated 1:3.5 f=7.5cm'' || silver || ''No.'' || 52230 || 58379 || [[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six I]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko Coated 1:3.5 f=7.5cm''<br>(red ''Zuiko'') || silver || ''No.'' || 65018 || 71209 || [[Mamiya Six]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko Coated 1:3.5 f=7.5cm'' || black || ''No.'' || 717xx || _ || [[Elmoflex|Elmoflex III-B]] (taking lens) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm''<br>(red ''C.'') || black || ''No.'' || 83459 || _ || [[Elmoflex|Elmoflex III-D]] (taking lens) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm''<br>(red ''C.'') || silver || ''No.'' || 89442 || 944x4 || [[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six I]]<br>[[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six III f/3.5]] (isolated example) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm''<br>(red ''Zuiko C.'') || silver || ''No.'' || 95898 || _ || [[Mamiya Six]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm''<br>(red ''C.'') || black || ''No.'' || 1015xx || 103411 || [[Elmoflex|Elmoflex III-D]] (taking lens) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm'' || black || ''No.'' || 103997 || _ || [[Elmoflex|Elmoflex III-D]] (taking and viewing lens) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm''<br>(black ''C.'') || silver || ''No.'' || 113x92 || 115576 || [[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six I]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm'' || silver || ''No.'' || 118701 || 12x309 || [[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six III f/3.5]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm'' || black || ''No.'' || 141466 || 1440x7 || [[Elmoflex|Elmoflex III-D]] (taking and viewing lens)<br>[[Elmoflex|Elmoflex III-E]] (taking and viewing lens) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm'' || silver || ''No.'' || 330639 || 338812 || [[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six III f/3.5]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm'' || black || ''No.'' || 370106 || 382049 || [[Elmoflex|Elmoflex III-E]] (taking and viewing lens)<br>[[Elmoflex|Elmoflex V]] (viewing lens on an isolated example) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm'' || black || _ || 400709 || 422291 || [[Elmoflex|Elmoflex III-F]] (taking and viewing lens)<br>[[Elmoflex|Elmoflex V]] (taking and viewing lens) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm'' || silver || _ || 100711 || 112305 || [[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six III f/3.5]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm'' || black || _ || _ || _ || [[Olympus Flex|Olympus Flex A3.5]] (viewing lens)<br>[[Wagoflex]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan=3 | '''D.Zuiko<br>f/3.5''' || rowspan=3 | four elements in three groups<br>(recomputed in 1954) | ||
+ | || ''Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm'' || silver || _ || 113869 || 139103 || [[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six III f/3.5]]<br>[[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six IVa]]<br>[[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six RII A]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm'' || black || _ || 140926 || 155652 || [[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six VA]]<br>[[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six RII A]]<br>[[Olympus Flex|Olympus Flex A3.5]] (taking lens)<br>[[Olympus Flex|Olympus Flex A3.5 II]] (taking and viewing lens)<br>[[Mamiya Six]]<br>[[Mamiyaflex]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm'' || black || _ || 428289 || 431812 || [[Elmoflex|Elmoflex VI-M]] (taking and viewing lens) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan=2 | '''Viewer<br>f/3.5''' || rowspan=2 | perhaps three elements in three groups | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Viewer 1:3.5 f=7.5cm'' || black || ''No.'' || 83534 || _ || [[Elmoflex|Elmoflex III-D]] (viewing lens) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Viewer 1:3.5 f=7.5cm'' || black || ''No.'' || 101x0x || 102950 || [[Elmoflex|Elmoflex III-D]] (viewing lens) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan=7 | '''Zuiko<br>f/2.8''' || rowspan=7 | five elements in four groups,<br>then perhaps four elements in three groups | ||
+ | || ''Zuiko 1:2.8 f=7.5cm Takatiho Tokyo'' || black || ''No.'' || 33797 || _ || [[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six II]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko Coated 1:2.8 f=7.5cm'' || black || ''No.'' || 52115 || 59706 || [[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six II]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko C. 1:2.8 f=7.5cm''<br>(red ''C.'') || black || ''No.'' || 85998 || 87988 || [[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six II]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko C. 1:2.8 f=7.5cm''<br>(white ''C.'') || black || ''No.'' || 120929 || 121724 || [[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six II]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:2.8 f=7.5cm'' || black || ''No.'' || 123949 || 124951 || [[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six II]]<br>[[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six III f/2.8]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:2.8 f=7.5cm'' || black || ''No.'' || 300026 || 313657 || [[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six II]] (isolated example)<br>[[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six III f/2.8]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || ''Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:2.8 f=7.5cm'' || black || _ || 101455 || 138334 || [[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six III f/2.8]]<br>[[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six IVb]]<br>[[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six VB]]<br>[[Olympus Chrome Six|Olympus Chrome Six RII B]]<br>[[Olympus Flex|Olympus Flex I]] (viewing lens)<br>[[Olympus Flex|Olympus Flex BII]] (viewing lens)<br>[[Olympus Flex|Olympus Flex A2.8]] (taking and viewing lens) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || '''D.Zuiko<br>f/2.8''' || four elements in three groups<br>(perhaps recomputed) | ||
+ | || ''Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 1:2.8 f=7.5cm'' || black || _ || _ || _ || [[Olympus Flex|Olympus Flex A2.8]] (taking lens) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || '''F.Zuiko<br>f/2.8''' || six elements in four groups | ||
+ | || ''Olympus F.Zuiko F.C. 1:2.8 f=7.5cm'' || black || _ || _ || _ || [[Olympus Flex|Olympus Flex I]] (taking lens)<br>[[Olympus Flex|Olympus Flex BI]] (taking lens) | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | === 6.5×9cm lens === | ||
+ | * '''105/4.5''', four elements in three groups, first prototype lens made by Takachiho, intended for 6.5×9cm plate cameras<REF> Hagiya, p.13 of {{KKS}} no.20. </REF> | ||
− | * ''' | + | === High-aperture lenses === |
− | * | + | Three high-aperture lenses were developed from 1936–7, using Japanese optical glass, after a request from the Japanese government:<REF> Sakai, p.7 of {{KKS}} no.20. "Orinpasu kamera shisakuki 2-shu", p.59 of the same magazine. Japanese optical glass: Sakurai Eiichi, p.67 of the same magazine. </REF> |
− | * | + | * '''Zuiko f/2.7''', five elements in three groups |
− | + | * '''Falcon f/2''', six elements in four groups | |
− | + | * '''Olympar f/1.5''', six elements in five groups | |
− | + | It seems that the projects were first designed with a focal length of 50mm, then a 65mm version of the Zuiko f/2.7 and Falcon f/2 was planned for the [[Olympus Standard]].<REF> "Orinpasu kamera shisakuki 2-shu", p.59 of {{KKS}} no.20. The Zuiko 65/2.7 and Falcon 65/2 appear in an advertisement for the Olympus Standard dated August 1937, reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.62. </REF> It is unclear if any of these lenses were actually made.<REF> Sakurai, p.67 of {{KKS}} no.20, seems to imply that they were not. </REF> | |
− | |||
− | + | The Olympar f/1.5 design later evolved as the '''Zuiko 50/1.5''', which was produced in small quantities and sold to [[Shimadzu|Shimazu Seisakusho]] for X-ray cameras made around 1940.<REF> Sakurai Eiichi, p.67 of {{KKS}} no.20. </REF> It seems that some of these lenses appeared on the market after the war in [[39mm screw lenses|Leica screw mount]], perhaps sold by Shimazu as surplus.<REF> Sakurai and Saeki, p.67 of {{KKS}} no.20. HPR, p.410, mentions the Zuiko 50/1.5 in Leica screw mount, and also mentions a 50/1.1, certainly a confusion. </REF> | |
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− | * ''' | + | === Aerial lenses === |
− | + | * '''200/4.5''', four elements, three groups, marked ''ZUIKO 1:4.5 f=200mm Takatiho NO.xxxx'': | |
− | *** [[ | + | ** as a barrel lens, for an unknown military application<REF> Examples pictured in "Orinpasu renzu hoi", p.81 of {{KKS}} no.20, and observed for sale at a dealer and in an online auction. </REF> |
+ | ** with bayonet mount, for the [[Japanese aerial cameras|Type 100 Small Aerial Camera]] (SK-100, 100式小航空写真機)<REF> Example observed for sale at a dealer. </REF> | ||
+ | * '''250/4.5''', four elements, three groups, for an [[Japanese aerial cameras|Automatic Aerial Camera]] (自動航空写真機)<REF name="Orinpasu renzu hoi"> Mentioned in "Orinpasu renzu hoi", p.81 of {{KKS}} no.20. </REF> | ||
+ | * '''400/5.6''', four elements, four groups, for the [[Japanese aerial cameras|Type 100 Small Aerial Camera]] (SK-100, 100式小航空写真機)<REF name="Orinpasu renzu hoi" /> | ||
− | * ''' | + | === Enlarging lenses === |
− | * | + | * '''50/4.5''' enlarging lens, sold ¥60 in 1941,<REF> [http://www.remus.dti.ne.jp/~inasan99/camera/b_camera/cm02_41_l.jpg Advertisement] dated 1941, reproduced in [http://www.remus.dti.ne.jp/~inasan99/camera/nostalgic_camera.html Nostalgic Camera] by Toshio Inamura. </REF> |
− | + | * '''50/3.5''' enlarging lens, marked ''Olympus Zuiko C. 1:3.5 f=5cm No.xxxxxx''<REF> Example pictured in [https://redbook-jp.com/kenkyukai-e/20/08/09.html this page at Red Book Nikkor] (lens no.139597). </REF> | |
− | + | * '''75/4.5''' enlarging lens, four elements, three groups, marked ''Olympus Zuiko C. 1:4,5 f=7,5cm xxxxxx''<REF> "Orinpasu renzu hoi", p.81 of {{KKS}} no.20. The example pictured has no.104603. </REF> | |
− | + | * '''75/3.5''' enlarging lens, four elements, three groups<REF name="Orinpasu renzu hoi" /> | |
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− | * | ||
− | + | == Notes == | |
− | + | <references /> | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | == | + | == Bibliography == |
− | * ''' | + | * {{ACA}}. Advertisement by [[Olympus|Olympus Kōgaku Kōgyō]] in November 1953, p.157. |
+ | * {{Showa10}} | ||
+ | * Hagiya Takeshi (萩谷剛). "Orinpasu kamera no subete 1: supuringu kamera <senzen-hen>" (オリンパスカメラのすべて1・スプリングカメラ戦前編, "All of Olympus cameras 1: folding cameras [prewar]"). {{KKS020}} Pp.13–5. | ||
+ | * HPR. ''Leica Copies''. London: Classic Collection Publications, 1994. <nowiki>ISBN</nowiki> 1-874485-05-4. P.410. | ||
+ | * [[Maitani Yoshihisa]] (米谷美久). [https://web.archive.org/web/20080222192340/http://www.olympus-zuiko.com/dev_spirits/maitani/vol01/index.html "Kamera-zukuri he no bōken"] (カメラ創りへの冒険, "Venturing into camera production") (archived). Volume 1 of [https://web.archive.org/web/20080412014757/http://www.olympus-zuiko.com/dev_spirits/index.html ''Haikei — Sekkeisha yori''] (拝啓・設計者より, "Dear Sir, from the designer") (archived). Published in the [https://web.archive.org/web/20070827033457/http://www.olympus-zuiko.com/ Zuiko Club website] (archived), belonging to the Olympus Imaging Corp. | ||
+ | * "Orinpasu kamera shisakuki 2-shu" (オリンパスカメラ試作機2種, "Two experimental Olympus cameras"). Anonymous column about the Olympus Standard and Olympus Eye Flex. {{KKS020}} P.59. | ||
+ | * "Orinpasu renzu hoi" (オリンパスレンズ補遺, "Olympus lens appendix"). Anonymous column about various Zuiko lenses. {{KKS020}} P.81. | ||
+ | * Sakai Shūichi (酒井修一). "Orinpasu no rekishi" (オリンパスの歴史, "History of Olympus"). {{KKS020}} Pp.6–9. | ||
+ | * {{SK}}. Advertisement by [[Olympus|Olympus Kōgaku Kōgyō]] in November 1953, p.341. | ||
+ | * "Zadankai: Orinpasu no michi" (座談会・オリンパスの道, "Conversation: the way of Olympus"). Interview of Sakurai Eiichi (桜井栄一), [[Maitani Yoshihisa]] (米谷美久) and Kawazoe Mitsuo (河添光男), by Saeki Kakugorō (佐伯恪五郎). {{KKS020}} Pp.64–71. | ||
== Links == | == Links == | ||
− | * [http://www. | + | In Japanese: |
+ | * [http://www.remus.dti.ne.jp/~inasan99/camera/b_camera/cm02_41_l.jpg Advertisement for the Zuiko 50/4.5 enlarging lens] published in 1941, reproduced in [http://www.remus.dti.ne.jp/~inasan99/camera/nostalgic_camera.html Nostalgic Camera], a page by Toshio Inamura | ||
+ | * [https://redbook-jp.com/kenkyukai-e/20/08/09.html September 2008 meeting report of the Nikon Kenkyukai] at Akiyama Michio's [https://redbook-jp.com/redbook-e/index.html Red Book Nikkor], showing a Zuiko C. 50mm f/3.5 enlarging lens | ||
[[Category: Olympus]] | [[Category: Olympus]] | ||
− | [[Category: | + | [[Category: Japanese lenses]] |
+ | [[Category: 1936]] |
Latest revision as of 04:44, 28 September 2023
28mm f/2.8 Zuiko MC OM-system lens image by phollectormo (Image rights) |
Zuiko is the name of the camera lenses made by Olympus, from the first one, mounted in 1936 on the Semi Olympus, to the present day. All Olympus cameras use lenses made by the company, but the word 'Zuiko' is not mentioned on some of the cheaper point and shoot compact models.
Contents
Zuiko name
Zuikō is written 瑞光 in Japanese and can be translated as "auspicious optics" or "auspicious light". The name was adopted after a contest open to the company employees,[1] being a contraction of the first characters of "Mizuho Kōgaku Kenkyūjo" (瑞穂光学研究所, meaning Mizuho Optical Research Institute), name of a branch of Takachiho Seisakusho (the later Olympus) founded to develop the camera lens.
Letter code
Where a lens is denominated with a letter before the Zuiko name (e.g. D.Zuiko or F.Zuiko) it represents the number of optical elements in the lens. The letter's placing in the alphabet corresponds to the number of elements present — so a D.Zuiko lens has 4 elements, and a F.Zuiko has 6. Olympus began to phase out these letter designations when introducing new products in the early 1980s (e.g. the XA-3 and XA-4).
Numbering of early Zuiko lenses
Early Zuiko lenses were numbered in a single sequence, starting at 1000 or 1001 with the 75mm f/4.5 lens of the Semi Olympus. There were a few jumps in the sequence, which was notably reset at 20000 when production was started again after 1945. The original sequence went well past 120000, and further batches were started, e.g. at 300000 (for the Olympus Chrome Six III) and 370000 (for the Elmoflex). All these numbers were engraved with a No. prefix.
In 1953, the common sequence was dropped, and each lens type received its own number sequence, distinguished by the absence of the No. prefix. The lenses mounted on Olympus products had their numbers reset at 100000, and those sold to other camera manufacturers had higher batch numbers, e.g. starting at 400000 for the Elmoflex III-F. Some lenses mounted on Olympus cameras, such as the Zuiko F.C. 7.5cm f/3.5 of the Olympus Chrome Six III, successively received the two numbering schemes. This apparently caused some confusion to customers who feared that the new lenses — without No. prefix and with a serial number reset at 100001 — were fake. The Olympus company placed an advertisement in the November 1953 issues of Asahi Camera and Shashin Kōgyō to explain the matter.[2]
Announcement in Shashin Kōgyō November 1953, explaining the new numbering scheme without No. prefix. A similar announcement appeared in Asahi Camera. (Image rights) |
Zuiko interchangeable lenses
- OM series: see Olympus OM lenses
- M42 (FTL) series: see 42mm screw lenses
- Pen F series: see Olympus Pen F lenses
- Ace series: see Olympus Ace
- Exakta lens: see Zuiko 4cm f/3.5 for Exakta
- Leica screw lens: see Zuiko 4cm f/2.8 for Leica
- Olympus Standard lenses: see Olympus Standard
- Zuiko Digital series for the Four-Thirds system: see Four-Thirds lenses
Zuiko for other companies
The Zuiko lenses were also mounted on some cameras made by other Japanese companies:
- Airesflex by Aires
- Elmoflex by Elmo
- Mamiya Six by Mamiya
- Wagoflex by Walz
- Wester Chrome Six R by Nishida
- perhaps some Semi Minolta III by Chiyoda Kogaku
List of Zuiko lenses
13.5×18mm lenses
A range of 'Zuiko Digital'-branded lenses developed for the Four-Thirds digital SLR system. See Four-Thirds lenses for further details.
18×24mm lenses
A range of interchangeable SLR lenses for the half-frame Pen F system — see Olympus Pen F lenses for further details.
24×36mm lenses
A single lens was made in Leica screw mount; see Zuiko 4cm f/2.8 for Leica. Other Zuiko lenses may have been remounted for Leica by third-party workshops (see the high-aperture lenses below).[3]
A single lens was made in Exakta mount; see Zuiko 4cm f/3.5 for Exakta.
A small range of interchangeable lenses in 42mm screw mount was developed for the Olympus FTL; see 42mm screw lenses for further details.
A large range of interchangeable lenses for the 35mm OM system was developed over a period of thirty years; see Olympus OM lenses for further details.
4×4cm lenses
- 60/2.8 Olympus D.Zuiko, 4 elements, taking and viewing lens of the f/2.8 Eye 44
- 60/3.5, taking and viewing lens of the f/3.5 Eye 44
4×5cm lenses
Interchangeable lenses of the Olympus Standard: see Olympus Standard.
4.5×6cm and 6×6cm lenses
The first prototype lenses made by Takachiho in 1936 include the 75/4.5 mounted on the Semi Olympus, a 105/4.5 for 6.5×9cm format (listed below), and perhaps a 75/3.5.[4]
Zuikô 75mm f/4.5 no.1137. Picture by Henk. (Image rights) Zuikô 7.5cm f/4.5 no.3620. Picture by Adrian Gotts. (Image rights) Zuiko-S 7.5cm f/4.5 no.12507. Picture by M. Walters. (Image rights) |
Table of Zuiko 75mm and 7.5cm medium-format lenses (the "lowest" and "highest" numbers correspond to the serial numbers actually observed):
type | formula | actual marking | bezel | prefix | lowest number |
highest number |
camera models |
Zuiko f/4.5 |
four elements in three groups (prewar and wartime) |
Takatiho Tôkyô Zuikô 1:4.5 f=75mm. | black | No. | 1048 | 1142 | Semi Olympus |
Zuikô 1:4,5 f=75mm Takatiho Tokyo | black | No. | 1221 | _ | Semi Olympus II | ||
Zuikô 1:4,5 f=7.5cm Takatiho Tokyo | black | No. | 144x | 3797 | Semi Olympus II | ||
Zuiko 1:4,5 f=7.5cm Takatiho Tokyo | black | No. | 5253 | 8470 | Semi Olympus (isolated example) Semi Olympus II Olympus Six I | ||
Zuiko-S f/4.5 |
five elements in three groups (wartime) |
Zuiko–S 1:4,5 f=7,5cm Takatiho Tokyo | black | No. | 12507 | 13501 | Super Olympus I |
Zuiko f/3.5 |
four elements in three groups (prewar and wartime) |
Zuiko 1:3,5 f=7,5cm Takatiho Tokyo | silver | No. | 7182 | 10727 | Olympus Six II Olympus Chrome Six (isolated prototype) |
Zuiko-S f/3.5 |
five elements in three groups (wartime) |
Zuiko–S 1:3,5 f=7,5cm Takatiho Tokyo | silver | No. | 12126 | _ | Super Olympus II |
Zuiko f/3.5 |
four elements in three groups (recomputed in 1946) |
Zuiko 1:3,5 f=7,5cm Takatiho Tokyo | silver | No. | 20016 | 3476x | Olympus Six (postwar) Olympus Chrome Six I Mamiya Six (early postwar) |
Zuiko 1:3,5 f=7,5cm Takatiho Tokyo | black | No. | 50907 | _ | Elmoflex (early postwar) | ||
Olympus Zuiko Coated 1:3.5 f=7.5cm | silver | No. | 52230 | 58379 | Olympus Chrome Six I | ||
Olympus Zuiko Coated 1:3.5 f=7.5cm (red Zuiko) |
silver | No. | 65018 | 71209 | Mamiya Six | ||
Olympus Zuiko Coated 1:3.5 f=7.5cm | black | No. | 717xx | _ | Elmoflex III-B (taking lens) | ||
Olympus Zuiko C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm (red C.) |
black | No. | 83459 | _ | Elmoflex III-D (taking lens) | ||
Olympus Zuiko C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm (red C.) |
silver | No. | 89442 | 944x4 | Olympus Chrome Six I Olympus Chrome Six III f/3.5 (isolated example) | ||
Olympus Zuiko C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm (red Zuiko C.) |
silver | No. | 95898 | _ | Mamiya Six | ||
Olympus Zuiko C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm (red C.) |
black | No. | 1015xx | 103411 | Elmoflex III-D (taking lens) | ||
Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm | black | No. | 103997 | _ | Elmoflex III-D (taking and viewing lens) | ||
Olympus Zuiko C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm (black C.) |
silver | No. | 113x92 | 115576 | Olympus Chrome Six I | ||
Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm | silver | No. | 118701 | 12x309 | Olympus Chrome Six III f/3.5 | ||
Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm | black | No. | 141466 | 1440x7 | Elmoflex III-D (taking and viewing lens) Elmoflex III-E (taking and viewing lens) | ||
Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm | silver | No. | 330639 | 338812 | Olympus Chrome Six III f/3.5 | ||
Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm | black | No. | 370106 | 382049 | Elmoflex III-E (taking and viewing lens) Elmoflex V (viewing lens on an isolated example) | ||
Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm | black | _ | 400709 | 422291 | Elmoflex III-F (taking and viewing lens) Elmoflex V (taking and viewing lens) | ||
Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm | silver | _ | 100711 | 112305 | Olympus Chrome Six III f/3.5 | ||
Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm | black | _ | _ | _ | Olympus Flex A3.5 (viewing lens) Wagoflex | ||
D.Zuiko f/3.5 |
four elements in three groups (recomputed in 1954) |
Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm | silver | _ | 113869 | 139103 | Olympus Chrome Six III f/3.5 Olympus Chrome Six IVa Olympus Chrome Six RII A |
Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm | black | _ | 140926 | 155652 | Olympus Chrome Six VA Olympus Chrome Six RII A Olympus Flex A3.5 (taking lens) Olympus Flex A3.5 II (taking and viewing lens) Mamiya Six Mamiyaflex | ||
Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 1:3.5 f=7.5cm | black | _ | 428289 | 431812 | Elmoflex VI-M (taking and viewing lens) | ||
Viewer f/3.5 |
perhaps three elements in three groups | Olympus Viewer 1:3.5 f=7.5cm | black | No. | 83534 | _ | Elmoflex III-D (viewing lens) |
Olympus Viewer 1:3.5 f=7.5cm | black | No. | 101x0x | 102950 | Elmoflex III-D (viewing lens) | ||
Zuiko f/2.8 |
five elements in four groups, then perhaps four elements in three groups |
Zuiko 1:2.8 f=7.5cm Takatiho Tokyo | black | No. | 33797 | _ | Olympus Chrome Six II |
Olympus Zuiko Coated 1:2.8 f=7.5cm | black | No. | 52115 | 59706 | Olympus Chrome Six II | ||
Olympus Zuiko C. 1:2.8 f=7.5cm (red C.) |
black | No. | 85998 | 87988 | Olympus Chrome Six II | ||
Olympus Zuiko C. 1:2.8 f=7.5cm (white C.) |
black | No. | 120929 | 121724 | Olympus Chrome Six II | ||
Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:2.8 f=7.5cm | black | No. | 123949 | 124951 | Olympus Chrome Six II Olympus Chrome Six III f/2.8 | ||
Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:2.8 f=7.5cm | black | No. | 300026 | 313657 | Olympus Chrome Six II (isolated example) Olympus Chrome Six III f/2.8 | ||
Olympus Zuiko F.C. 1:2.8 f=7.5cm | black | _ | 101455 | 138334 | Olympus Chrome Six III f/2.8 Olympus Chrome Six IVb Olympus Chrome Six VB Olympus Chrome Six RII B Olympus Flex I (viewing lens) Olympus Flex BII (viewing lens) Olympus Flex A2.8 (taking and viewing lens) | ||
D.Zuiko f/2.8 |
four elements in three groups (perhaps recomputed) |
Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 1:2.8 f=7.5cm | black | _ | _ | _ | Olympus Flex A2.8 (taking lens) |
F.Zuiko f/2.8 |
six elements in four groups | Olympus F.Zuiko F.C. 1:2.8 f=7.5cm | black | _ | _ | _ | Olympus Flex I (taking lens) Olympus Flex BI (taking lens) |
6.5×9cm lens
- 105/4.5, four elements in three groups, first prototype lens made by Takachiho, intended for 6.5×9cm plate cameras[5]
High-aperture lenses
Three high-aperture lenses were developed from 1936–7, using Japanese optical glass, after a request from the Japanese government:[6]
- Zuiko f/2.7, five elements in three groups
- Falcon f/2, six elements in four groups
- Olympar f/1.5, six elements in five groups
It seems that the projects were first designed with a focal length of 50mm, then a 65mm version of the Zuiko f/2.7 and Falcon f/2 was planned for the Olympus Standard.[7] It is unclear if any of these lenses were actually made.[8]
The Olympar f/1.5 design later evolved as the Zuiko 50/1.5, which was produced in small quantities and sold to Shimazu Seisakusho for X-ray cameras made around 1940.[9] It seems that some of these lenses appeared on the market after the war in Leica screw mount, perhaps sold by Shimazu as surplus.[10]
Aerial lenses
- 200/4.5, four elements, three groups, marked ZUIKO 1:4.5 f=200mm Takatiho NO.xxxx:
- as a barrel lens, for an unknown military application[11]
- with bayonet mount, for the Type 100 Small Aerial Camera (SK-100, 100式小航空写真機)[12]
- 250/4.5, four elements, three groups, for an Automatic Aerial Camera (自動航空写真機)[13]
- 400/5.6, four elements, four groups, for the Type 100 Small Aerial Camera (SK-100, 100式小航空写真機)[13]
Enlarging lenses
- 50/4.5 enlarging lens, sold ¥60 in 1941,[14]
- 50/3.5 enlarging lens, marked Olympus Zuiko C. 1:3.5 f=5cm No.xxxxxx[15]
- 75/4.5 enlarging lens, four elements, three groups, marked Olympus Zuiko C. 1:4,5 f=7,5cm xxxxxx[16]
- 75/3.5 enlarging lens, four elements, three groups[13]
Notes
- ↑ Maitani, "Kamera-zukuri he no bōken" (archived); Sakai, p.7 of Kurashikku Kamera Senka no.20; Francesch, p.19.
- ↑ Advertisement in Asahi Camera November 1953, p.157.
- ↑ HPR, p.410, also mentions a Zuiko 90/4 and a Zuiko 135/3.5, both with a question mark. The existence of these lenses is dubious.
- ↑ The 75/3.5 is only mentioned in Sakai, p.7 of Kurashikku Kamera Senka no.20.
- ↑ Hagiya, p.13 of Kurashikku Kamera Senka no.20.
- ↑ Sakai, p.7 of Kurashikku Kamera Senka no.20. "Orinpasu kamera shisakuki 2-shu", p.59 of the same magazine. Japanese optical glass: Sakurai Eiichi, p.67 of the same magazine.
- ↑ "Orinpasu kamera shisakuki 2-shu", p.59 of Kurashikku Kamera Senka no.20. The Zuiko 65/2.7 and Falcon 65/2 appear in an advertisement for the Olympus Standard dated August 1937, reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p.62.
- ↑ Sakurai, p.67 of Kurashikku Kamera Senka no.20, seems to imply that they were not.
- ↑ Sakurai Eiichi, p.67 of Kurashikku Kamera Senka no.20.
- ↑ Sakurai and Saeki, p.67 of Kurashikku Kamera Senka no.20. HPR, p.410, mentions the Zuiko 50/1.5 in Leica screw mount, and also mentions a 50/1.1, certainly a confusion.
- ↑ Examples pictured in "Orinpasu renzu hoi", p.81 of Kurashikku Kamera Senka no.20, and observed for sale at a dealer and in an online auction.
- ↑ Example observed for sale at a dealer.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Mentioned in "Orinpasu renzu hoi", p.81 of Kurashikku Kamera Senka no.20.
- ↑ Advertisement dated 1941, reproduced in Nostalgic Camera by Toshio Inamura.
- ↑ Example pictured in this page at Red Book Nikkor (lens no.139597).
- ↑ "Orinpasu renzu hoi", p.81 of Kurashikku Kamera Senka no.20. The example pictured has no.104603.
Bibliography
- Asahi Camera. Advertisement by Olympus Kōgaku Kōgyō in November 1953, p.157.
- Asahi Camera (アサヒカメラ) editorial staff. Shōwa 10–40nen kōkoku ni miru kokusan kamera no rekishi (昭和10–40年広告にみる国産カメラの歴史, Japanese camera history as seen in advertisements, 1935–1965). Tokyo: Asahi Shinbunsha, 1994. ISBN 4-02-330312-7.
- Hagiya Takeshi (萩谷剛). "Orinpasu kamera no subete 1: supuringu kamera <senzen-hen>" (オリンパスカメラのすべて1・スプリングカメラ戦前編, "All of Olympus cameras 1: folding cameras [prewar]"). Kamera Rebyū: Kurashikku Kamera Senka (カメラレビュー クラシックカメラ専科) / Camera Review: All about Historical Cameras no. 20, 25 March 1992. No ISBN number. Orinpasu no subete (オリンパスのすべて, special issue on Olympus). Pp.13–5.
- HPR. Leica Copies. London: Classic Collection Publications, 1994. ISBN 1-874485-05-4. P.410.
- Maitani Yoshihisa (米谷美久). "Kamera-zukuri he no bōken" (カメラ創りへの冒険, "Venturing into camera production") (archived). Volume 1 of Haikei — Sekkeisha yori (拝啓・設計者より, "Dear Sir, from the designer") (archived). Published in the Zuiko Club website (archived), belonging to the Olympus Imaging Corp.
- "Orinpasu kamera shisakuki 2-shu" (オリンパスカメラ試作機2種, "Two experimental Olympus cameras"). Anonymous column about the Olympus Standard and Olympus Eye Flex. Kamera Rebyū: Kurashikku Kamera Senka (カメラレビュー クラシックカメラ専科) / Camera Review: All about Historical Cameras no. 20, 25 March 1992. No ISBN number. Orinpasu no subete (オリンパスのすべて, special issue on Olympus). P.59.
- "Orinpasu renzu hoi" (オリンパスレンズ補遺, "Olympus lens appendix"). Anonymous column about various Zuiko lenses. Kamera Rebyū: Kurashikku Kamera Senka (カメラレビュー クラシックカメラ専科) / Camera Review: All about Historical Cameras no. 20, 25 March 1992. No ISBN number. Orinpasu no subete (オリンパスのすべて, special issue on Olympus). P.81.
- Sakai Shūichi (酒井修一). "Orinpasu no rekishi" (オリンパスの歴史, "History of Olympus"). Kamera Rebyū: Kurashikku Kamera Senka (カメラレビュー クラシックカメラ専科) / Camera Review: All about Historical Cameras no. 20, 25 March 1992. No ISBN number. Orinpasu no subete (オリンパスのすべて, special issue on Olympus). Pp.6–9.
- Shashin Kōgyō. Advertisement by Olympus Kōgaku Kōgyō in November 1953, p.341.
- "Zadankai: Orinpasu no michi" (座談会・オリンパスの道, "Conversation: the way of Olympus"). Interview of Sakurai Eiichi (桜井栄一), Maitani Yoshihisa (米谷美久) and Kawazoe Mitsuo (河添光男), by Saeki Kakugorō (佐伯恪五郎). Kamera Rebyū: Kurashikku Kamera Senka (カメラレビュー クラシックカメラ専科) / Camera Review: All about Historical Cameras no. 20, 25 March 1992. No ISBN number. Orinpasu no subete (オリンパスのすべて, special issue on Olympus). Pp.64–71.
Links
In Japanese:
- Advertisement for the Zuiko 50/4.5 enlarging lens published in 1941, reproduced in Nostalgic Camera, a page by Toshio Inamura
- September 2008 meeting report of the Nikon Kenkyukai at Akiyama Michio's Red Book Nikkor, showing a Zuiko C. 50mm f/3.5 enlarging lens