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Helios
Helios was a type of camera lenses, made in the USSR. They were usually supplied with Zenit SLR cameras and thus usable with other M42 lens mount cameras. Some later Helios models were built also for the Pentax K mount.
The Helios-40 and Helios-44 and are derivatives of the Carl Zeiss Biotar optical formula.
| Model | Mount | Focal Length | Maximum Aperture | Minimum Aperture |
| Helios-1 | 50mm | ƒ/2.0 | ||
| Helios-2 | M42 | 45mm | ƒ/2.0 | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-3 | 100mm | ƒ/2.0 | ||
| Helios-23 | 35mm | ƒ/2.0 | ||
| Helios-27 | 135mm | ƒ/2.0 | ||
| Helios-29 | 25mm | ƒ/1.5 | ||
| Helios-31 | 40mm | ƒ/1.4 | ||
| Helios-32 | 15mm | ƒ/2.0 | ||
| Helios-33 | M28 | 35mm | ƒ/2.0 | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-34 | 15mm | ƒ/4.0 | ||
| Helios-35 | 15mm | ƒ/1.5 | ||
| Helios-39 | 25mm | ƒ/4.0 | ||
| Helios-40 | M39 | 85mm | ƒ/1.5 | ƒ/22 |
| Helios-40-2 | M42 | 85mm | ƒ/1.5 | ƒ/22 |
| Helios-41 | 150mm | ƒ/2.0 | ||
| Helios-42 | 27mm | ƒ/2.8 | ||
| Helios-43 | 19mm | ƒ/1.5 | ||
| Helios-44 | M42, K | 58mm | ƒ/2.0 | ƒ/16 – ƒ/22 |
| Helios-49 | 75mm | ƒ/1.5 | ||
| Helios-50 | 100mm | ƒ/1.5 | ||
| Helios-51 | 200mm | ƒ/1.5 | ||
| Helios-52 | 150mm | ƒ/1.5 | ||
| Helios-53 | M42 | 200mm | ƒ/2.5 | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-54 | 135mm | ƒ/2.0 | ||
| Helios-55 | 200mm | ƒ/2.5 | ||
| Helios-57 | 9mm | ƒ/3.5 | ||
| Helios-58 | 10mm | ƒ/1.6 | ||
| Helios-61 | 80mm | ƒ/2.5 | ||
| Helios-62 | 29mm | ƒ/1.8 | ||
| Helios-64 | 44mm | ƒ/1.8 | ||
| Helios-65 | M42 | 52mm | ƒ/2.0 | ƒ/22 |
| Helios-66 | 10mm | ƒ/3.5 | ||
| Helios-67 | 200mm | ƒ/1.5 | ||
| Helios-68 | 200mm | ƒ/1.5 | ||
| Helios-70 | M42, K | 52mm | ƒ/1.9 | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-76 | 35mm | ƒ/2.0 | ||
| Helios-77 | 75mm | ƒ/2.0 | ||
| Helios-77M | M42, K | 52mm | ƒ/1.8 | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-77M-4 | M42, K | 50mm | ƒ/1.8 | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-79 | 45mm | ƒ/2.0 | ||
| Helios-81 | F | 52mm | ƒ/2.0 | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-85 | M42 | 85mm | ƒ/2.0 | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-88 | M42 | 50mm | ƒ/1.9 | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-89 | 30mm | ƒ/1.9 | ƒ/16 | |
| Helios-94 | Contax-Kiev | 50mm | ƒ/1.8 | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-97 | M42 | 52mm | ƒ/2.0 | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-98 | M42 | 28mm | ƒ/2.8 | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-101 | M42 | 52mm | ƒ/1.8 | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-103 | Contax-Kiev | 53mm | ƒ/1.8 | |
| Helios-107 | M42 | 65mm | ƒ/2.8 | ƒ/22 |
| Helios-113 | M | 40mm | ƒ/1.8 | |
| Helios-123 | 50mm | ƒ/1.4 |
Helios 44
Helios-44 is a series of standard lenses for SLR cameras, produced in Soviet Union by KMZ, MMZ, Jupiter from 1958 until 1992 (2001?). It is it is considered to be one of most mass produced lenses in the world. It is based on the Carl Zeiss Biotar 2 / 58. At the beginning was to be called "БТК" - "БиоТар Красногорский" (BioTar Krasnogorski). A fast 6-element anastigmat, it was available in both single-coated and multi-coated versions.
The name of Helios lenses are usually writen as Helios-44X-N, where X -is the index of lens mount (M for m42 thread, K for Pentax K bayonet, Д for Zenit-D bayonet) and N is a optical resolution index 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (the higher number the higher is an optical resolution of lens).
Technical Specifications
Helios 44. Optical Scheme Focal Distance: 58mm (may vary in real) Optical Formula: 6 elements in 4 groups. Aperture Range: f/2 - f/16. (f/22 later) Angle of View: 40°28 Geometric Vignetting: 58%
| Model | Weight | Number of Aperture Blades |
Minimum Focusing Distance |
Maximum Aperture |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Helios-44 (Start) | 230g | 13 | 0.7m | x |
| Helios-44 | 230g | 13 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-44-2 | 230g | 13 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-44-7 | 350g | 8 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-44M-4 | 300g | 8 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 |
| MC Helios-44K-4 | 300g | 8 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 |
| MC Helios-44M-4 | 300g | 8 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 |
| MC Helios-44M-5 | 270g | 8 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 |
| MC Helios-44M-6 | 270g | 8 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 |
| MC Helios-44M-7 | 270g | 6 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-44-N | ¶g | 8 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 |
| Helios-44X-N | ¶g | 6 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 |
Filter Diameter: Helios-44 (Start) - M40.5x0.5 Helios-44 - M49.5x0.75 Helios-44-2 - M49x0.75 Helios-44-7 - M49x0.75 MC Helios-44X-N - M52x0.75 MC Helios-44M-7 -M52x0,75
Lens Mount: Helios-44 (Start) - Zenit Start Bayonet Helios-44 - m39 SLR thread Helios-44-2 - m42 thread Helios-44-7 - m42 thread (Originaly designed for the cameras line of ZENIT-7, and because of the special aperture drive system can be installed only on these cameras via an adapter - thread-bayonet ring). MC Helios-44X-N - m42 thread MC Helios-44M-7 - m42 thread MC Helios-44K-4 - Pentax K Bayonet
Optical Resolution (center/edge) Helios-44 - 35/14 lines/mm Helios-44-2 - 38/20 lines/mm Helios-44-7 - 36/17 lines/mm Helios-44M-4 - 38/19 lines/mm MC Helios-44K-4 - 42/21 lines/mm MC Helios-44M-4 - 41/20 lines/mm MC Helios-44M-5 - 41/20 lines/mm MC Helios-44M-6 - 45/25 lines/mm MC Helios-44M-7 - 50/30 lines/mm
Transmittance Helios-44 - 0.81 Helios-44-2 - 0.82 Helios-44-7 - 0.80 Helios-44M-4 - 0.80 MC Helios-44K-4 - 0.85 MC Helios-44M-4 - 0.85 MC Helios-44M-5 - 0.85 MC Helios-44M-6 - 0.90 MC Helios-44M-7 - 0.90
Color Formula Helios-44 - 10-0-1.5 Helios-44-2 - 10-0-1.5 Helios-44-7- 10-0-1.5 Helios-44M-4 - 10-0-1.5 MC Helios-44K-4 - 11-0-0 MC Helios-44M-4 - 11-0-0 MC Helios-44M-5 - 11-0-0 MC Helios-44M-6 - 11-0-0 MC Helios-44M-7 - 11-0-0
Notes
