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*<b>Type 1</b>— f-stops to f/22; bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (<font color="red">Π</font>) in red, silver front bezel ring, sn 000xxxx–0017xxx. Initially used for the [[KMZ]][[Kristall_(KMZ) | Kristall]] released in 1961 and the [[KMZ]] [[Zenit 3M]]. | *<b>Type 1</b>— f-stops to f/22; bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (<font color="red">Π</font>) in red, silver front bezel ring, sn 000xxxx–0017xxx. Initially used for the [[KMZ]][[Kristall_(KMZ) | Kristall]] released in 1961 and the [[KMZ]] [[Zenit 3M]]. | ||
*<b>Type 2</b>—f-stops to f/16 | *<b>Type 2</b>—f-stops to f/16 | ||
− | :''Type 2a''—bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (<font color="red">Π</font>) in red | + | :''Type 2a''—bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (<font color="red">Π</font>) in red, and a silver front bezel ring, sn 0016xxx <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0016709; 0018687</ref> |
:''Type 2b''—bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by [[KMZ]] | :''Type 2b''—bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by [[KMZ]] |
Revision as of 13:30, 16 August 2015
Contents
Helios 44
Helios-44 is a series of standard lenses for SLR cameras, produced in Soviet Union by KMZ, MMZ, and Valdai from 1949? until 1992 (2001?). It is it is considered to be one of most mass-produced lenses in the world. The lens is based on the Carl Zeiss Biotar f/2 58mm design.[1] The Helios-44 f/2 58mm is a 6-element anastigmat, which over the duration of its production was available in both single-coated and multi-coated versions. Helios-44 is has a strong aberration at the margins, resulting in a characteristic 'swirl' which is reminiscent of Petzval lenses.
The nomenclature for the Helios lenses follows the formula 'Helios-44X-N', where X -is the index of lens mount (M for M42 thread, K for Pentax K bayonet, Д for Zenit-D bayonet) and N is a optical resolution index 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (the higher number the higher is an optical resolution of lens).
Typology of the silver-barrelled Helios-44 lenses
Lens schematic of the Helios-44 f/2 58mm image by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights) |
Helios 44 (Start)
- Type 1— f-stops to f/22; bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (Π) in red, silver front bezel ring. Released 1958.[2]
Helios-44 (LTM)
- Type 1— f-stops to f/22; bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (Π) in red, silver front bezel ring, sn 000xxxx–0017xxx. Initially used for the KMZ Kristall released in 1961 and the KMZ Zenit 3M.
- Type 2—f-stops to f/16
- Type 2a—bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (Π) in red, and a silver front bezel ring, sn 0016xxx [3]
- Type 2b—bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by KMZ
- Type 2c—bezel text "2/58" and 'black' front bezel ring, 13-blade diaphragm produced by KMZ until the late 1950s, sn –0225xxx
- Type 2d—bezel text "2/58" and 'black' front bezel ring, 8-blade diaphragm, produced by KMZ until the late 1950s, sn 024447x–
- Type 2e—bezel text "2/58" and black front bezel ring, 8-blade diaphragm, produced by MMZ until the mid 1960s[11]
Helios-44-2 (M42)
- Type 1—bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by Valdai
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KMZ-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm Type 2cii |
Technical Specifications
Focal Distance: 58mm (may vary in reality). Aperture Range: f/2 - f/16 (f/22) Optical Formula: 6 elements in 4 groups. Angle of View: 40°28 Geometric Vignetting: 58%
Model |
Maker |
Lens Mount |
Weight |
Number of Aperture Blades |
Minimum Focusing Distance |
Maximum Aperture |
Filter Diameter |
Resolution center/edge lines/mm |
Transmittance | Color Formula |
References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Helios-44 (Start) | KMZ | Start | 230g | 13 | 0.7m | x | M40.5 x 0.5 | 35/14 | .81 | 10-0-1.5 | |
Helios-44 | KMZ | LTM | 230g | 13 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 | M49.5 x 0.75 | 35/14 | [17] | ||
KMZ | LTM | 230g | 8 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 | M49.5 x 0.75 | |||||
MMZ | LTM | ¶g | 8 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 | M49 x 0.75 | [18] | ||||
Helios-44-2 | KMZ | M42 | 230g | 13 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 | M49 x 0.75 | 38/20 | 0.82 | 10-0-1.5 | [19] |
Helios-44-7 | KMZ | M42 | 350g | 8 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 | M49 x 0.75 | 36/17 | 0.80 | 10-0-1.5 | |
Helios-44M-4 | KMZ | M42 | 300g | 8 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 | 38/19 | 0.80 | 10-0-1.5 | ||
MC Helios-44K-4 | KMZ | Pentax K | 300g | 8 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 | 42/21 | 0.85 | 11-0-0 | ||
MC Helios-44M-4 | KMZ | M42 | 300g | 8 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 | 41/20 | 0.85 | 11-0-0 | ||
MC Helios-44M-5 | KMZ | M42 | 270g | 8 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 | 41/20 | 0.85 | 11-0-0 | ||
MC Helios-44M-6 | KMZ | M42 | 270g | 8 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 | 45/25 | 0.90 | 11-0-0 | ||
MC Helios-44M-7 | KMZ | M42 | 270g | 6 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 | M52 x 0.75 | 50/30 | 0.90 | 11-0-0 | |
Helios-44-N | KMZ | M42 | ¶g | 8 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 | |||||
Helios-44X-N | KMZ | M42 | ¶g | 6 | 0.5m | ƒ/16 | M52x0.75 |
VERIFY:
000xxxxxx factory test (study) models (prototypes etc.).
00xxxxxx models reserved for members of the communist party
and "VIPs" .
0xxxxxx reserved for factory syndicat leaders
Sample Images
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Sample images taken with a Helios-44 Type Type 2cii mounted on a Nikon D800 |
Notes
- ↑ At the beginning the lens was to be called "БТК" - "БиоТар Красногорский" (BioTar Krasnogorski).
- ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0016442
- ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0016709; 0018687
- ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0068221; 0059418; 0158550; 0275085
- ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0120173
- ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0030453
- ↑ Photographica Collection Dirk HR Spennemann sn/0205436
- ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0120173
- ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0275083
- ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0254198, 0275083
- ↑ MMZ lenses with serial numbers beginning with "N40xxx", "N50xxx" or "N60xxx" were most likely made in 1964, 1965 and 1966 (first number of sn very likely stands for the year of 196x decade).
- ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/5011275 ; 5014399; 5038818
- ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/6002494 (on Zenit3M); 6012651, 6024306.
- ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/8708916
- ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/79220381; 80003408; 81276436; 81293022
- ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/7654512.
- ↑ For photo series see discussion thread for this image
- ↑ Seen on eBay sn/6012651, English labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'.
- ↑ Manufactured from 1971 by KMZ and MMZ, in 1974 production moved to Jupiter Optics Valdai, in 1982/83 production moved back to to MMZ
Bibliography
Машиностроение (1968) Каталог "Любительская фотокиноаппаратура" (Katalog Photokinoapparatura) Moscow: Машиностроение pp. 232–234