Difference between revisions of "User:Heritagefutures/WorkSpace3"

From Camera-wiki.org
Jump to: navigation, search
(→‎Version 2, 1908-28)
(→‎Technical Specifications)
 
(145 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
{{WIP}}
+
==Helios 44 ==
 +
{{Flickr_image
 +
| image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20429889789/in/pool-camerawiki
 +
|image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/689/20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
 +
|image_align = right
 +
|image_text= Lens schematic of the Helios-44 f/2 58mm
 +
|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 +
|image_rights= with permission
 +
}}  
 +
 
 +
 +
[[Helios]]-44 (Гелиос-44) is a series of standard lenses for SLR cameras, produced from 1949? until 1992 (2001?) in the Soviet Union by [[KMZ]], [[MMZ]], and by [[Valdai]]. The Helios-44 is it is considered to be one of most mass-produced lenses in the world. The lens is based on the [[Carl Zeiss]]  Biotar f/2 58mm design.<ref>At the beginning the lens was to be called "БТК" - "БиоТар Красногорский" (BioTar Krasnogorski).</ref> The Helios-44 f/2 58mm is a  6-element anastigmat, which over the duration of its production  was available in both single-coated and multi-coated versions. Helios-44 is has a strong aberration at the margins, resulting in a characteristic 'swirl' which is reminiscent of [[Petzval]] lenses.
 +
 
 +
The nomenclature of all bar the first (silver-cased) Helios lenses follows the formula 'Helios-44X-N',  where X -is the index of lens mount (M for [[M42]] thread, K for [[K mount | Pentax K]] bayonet, Д for [[Zenit]]-D bayonet) and N is a optical resolution index 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (the higher number the higher is an optical resolution of lens).
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
====Technical Specifications====
  
  
−
{|class=floatright
 
−
|
 
−
{{Flickr_image
 
−
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/wboisen/5034923691/in/pool-camerawiki/
 
−
|image= http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4129/5034923691_9238980ab9.jpg
 
−
|image_align= right
 
−
|image_text= Alpin 9x12cm with [[Kollinear]] III f/6.8 132mm
 
−
|image_by= willboy2010
 
−
|image_rights= with permission
 
−
}}
 
−
|}
 
  
 +
Focal Distance: 58mm (may vary in reality).<br>
 +
Aperture Range: ƒ/2 - ƒ/16 (ƒ/22)<br>
 +
Optical Formula: 6 elements in 4 groups.<br>
 +
Angle of View: 40°28<br>
 +
Geometric Vignetting: 58%
  
−
The  '''Alpin'''<ref> Spelled 'Alpine' in U.S. advertisements</ref> are horizontal [[folding bed camera| folding bed plate cameras]] made by [[Voigtländer]] (Braunschweig/Germany) from 1907 to 1928.<ref>In the United Kingdom no longer listed after 1925 (included in Voigtländer advertisement British Journal Photographic Almanac [Henceforth BJPA] 1925, p. 746; no longer listed in 1926).—It is still listed for Switzerland in  Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch.</i> St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 124-125.—But longer included in the 1930 Voigtländer catalogue ('''Sein Stolz, eine Voigtländer''.'  Nr 2308/430. Braunschweig: Voigtländer & Sohn.—See also overview page [http://www.ukcamera.com/classic_cameras/voigt21.htm Alpin] at ukcamera.</ref>
 
−
Conceptually, the ''Alpin'' is a further development of the Metall-Heliar-Kamera, a 180mm horizontal folding bed plate camera with a cast aluminium body and fitted with a focal plane shutter (introduced in 1903 and built until 1920).<ref>[http://www.schoebels-voigtlaender-archiv.de/Bild0203.html Metall-Heliar-Kamera]</ref>
 
  
−
Common to all Alpin cameras is a cast aluminium body with a heavy folding bed,double and later triple extension bellows, and a single focussing wheel at the photographer's right.<ref>Later versions of the Alpin 10x15 had dual focussing wheels.</ref> A ''Teletubus'' with 2½× magnification could be mounted inside the unfolded camera.<ref> The "Alpine" Telephoto attachment. ''British Journal Photographic Almanac'' 1909, p. 722.</ref> Tourists liked the camera because it was quite compact when folded; provided a horizontal format suitable for landscapes and group photographs;  and it was made of light metal. It was produced in two plate sizes (9x12 and 10x15, the latter for panorama and stereo imagery) and offered in a wide variety of lens combinations. The Alpin is not to be confused with the horizontal version of the [[Voigtländer]] [[Avus]] 9x12 which only had a standard bellows.<ref>[http://voigtlander.pagesperso-orange.fr/previewpagesA/avushorizontalA.htm Horizontal Avus (1914-1926)].</ref>
 
  
−
The design of the [[Voigtländer]] Alpin influenced other camera manufacturers to create similar cameras. A close copy of the second version is [[Konica | Rokuoh Sha's]]'  [[Neat Lily| horizontal Lily ]]  which was offered from 1916 to 1930. Similar developments by other German manufacturers were
+
{{br}}
−
the [[Bentzin]] Rechteck Primar (10 x 15 stereo, ~1912), 
 
−
the Ernemann Heag XII Modell III (9x12, 10 x15 and stereo, ~1912),
 
−
the [[Rietzschel]] Heli Clack (10x15, Stereo, 1913),
 
−
the [[Ica]] Toska (9x12 and 10 x 15 panorama & stereo, 1914),
 
−
the [[Ihagee Venus]]  (9x12, 1916),
 
−
the [[Orionwerk | Orion]] Rio 44C (9x12, 1921),
 
−
the [[Perka]] [[Silar]]  (9x12 and 10x15, 1922);
 
−
the [[Rietzschel]] and later [[Agfa]] [[Ninon]] ( 9x12, 1925),
 
−
the [[Ica]] and later  [[Zeiss-Ikon]] Universal Juwel (model 275/7 9X12, 1927),
 
−
and an offering by [[Laack]]  (9x12 and stereo).
 
−
 
−
==9x12 format==
 
−
The rectangular front standard of the camera has a flat upper and lower margin and allows for rise and fall as well as lateral movements. The camera has two tripod sockets, one on the base and one on the left hand side of the camera.
 
  
−
  FIND:
+
The arrangement of the focussing helicoid as well as the aperture selector ring differs between models. In the table below, the arrow &#8592; indicates the direction the aperture control ring needs to be turned to increase the ƒ-stops.
−
  Müller, Klaus-D.  (XXXX) ''Voigtländer & Sohn  Optische Anstalt Braunschweig. Objektive und Apparate 1840 - 1939''. Photographica Bibliothek vol. 3, p. 186, 187, 249
 
−
  The Camera vol. 18, p. 753
 
  
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="4" style="margin: 0.5em 2em; text-align: center; border-collapse: collapse;" |
 +
! <br><br>Model || <br><br>Maker || Lens <br> Mount || <br><br>Weight || Number of <br>Aperture <br>Blades || Minimum <br>Focusing <br>Distance || <br>Maximum <br>Aperture ||<br> Filter <br>Diameter || Resolution <br> center/edge <br> lines/mm || <br>Trans-<br>mittance || <br>Color <br>Formula || <br>Sequence<br> (from lens face) || <br><br>References
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44 (Start) || [[KMZ]] || [[Start (SLR) | Start]] || 230g || 13 || 0.7m || ƒ/16 || M40.5x0.5|| 35/14 || .81 || 10-0-1.5|| focus, ƒ&#8592; ||
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44 || [[KMZ]] || [[ LTM]] || 230g || 13 || 0.5m || ƒ/22 <br> ƒ/16 || M49.5x0.75 || 35/14 || || || ƒ&#8594; , DoF, focus||<ref> For photo series see discussion thread [https://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/19959251503/ for this image]</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| || [[KMZ]] || [[ Arri PL]] || 230g || 13 || 0.5m || ƒ/22 <br> ƒ/16 || M49.5x0.75 || || || ||ƒ&#8594; , DoF, focus ||
 +
|-
 +
| || [[KMZ]] || [[ LTM]] || 230g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/22 <br> ƒ/16 || M49.5x0.75 || || || ||ƒ&#8594; , DoF, focus ||
 +
|-
 +
| || [[MMZ]] || [[LTM]] || ¶g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || M49x0.75|| || || ||ƒ&#8594; , focus ||<ref>Seen on eBay sn/6012651, English labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'.</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44-2 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 230g || 13 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || M49x0.75 || 38/20 || 0.82 || 10-0-1.5 || ƒ&#8594; , focus|| <ref> Manufactured from 1971 by [[KMZ]] and [[MMZ]], in 1974 production moved to Jupiter Optics [[Valdai]], in 1982/83 production moved back to to [[MMZ]]</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44-7 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 350g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || M49x0.75 || 36/17 || 0.80 || 10-0-1.5 || ||
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44-M || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || ¶g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || || || || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44M-3 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 300g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 38/19 || 0.80 || 10-0-1.5 || ƒ&#8594; , focus||
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44M-4 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 300g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 38/19 || 0.80 || 10-0-1.5 || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44-N || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || ¶g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || || || || ||
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44X-N || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || ¶g || 6 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || M52x0.75 || || || || ||
 +
|-
 +
| MC Helios-44K-4 ||[[KMZ]] || [[K-mount | Pentax K]] || 300g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 42/21 || 0.85 || 11-0-0 || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
 +
|-
 +
| MC Helios-44M-3 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 300g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || || 0.85 || 11-0-0 || ƒ&#8594; , focus||
 +
|-
 +
| MC Helios-44M-4 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 300g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 41/20 || 0.85 || 11-0-0 || ||
 +
|-
 +
| MC Helios-44M-5 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 270g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 41/20 || 0.85 || 11-0-0 || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
 +
|-
 +
| MC Helios-44M-6 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 270g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 45/25 || 0.90 || 11-0-0 || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
 +
|-
 +
| MC Helios-44M-7 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 270g || 6 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || M52x0.75 || 50/30 || 0.90 || 11-0-0 || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
 +
|}
  
 +
====Typology of the silver-barrelled Helios-44 lenses (early versions)====
 
{{Flickr_image
 
{{Flickr_image
−
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/8113347122/in/pool-camerawiki
+
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20622183195
−
|image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/8476/8113347122_8e32940b26_n.jpg
+
|image= http://farm6.staticflickr.com/5631/20622183195_3fca4835a3_n.jpg
−
|image_align= right
+
|image_align= right
−
  |image_text= The patterned baseboard typical of all Alpin models <br><small>also visible is the focussing wheel and the brake for the <br>second extension (shown is an Alpin version 1)</small>
+
  |image_text= Lens schematic of the Helios-44 f/2 58mm
−
  |image_by= Kazutaka Tsutsui
+
|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 
  |image_rights= with permission
 
  |image_rights= with permission
−
}}
+
}}  
−
===Version 1, 1905-07===
+
 
−
The Alpin appeared on the market in 1906 to a generally favourable reception.<ref> e.g. The Alpine Camera. ''British Journal Photographic Almanac'' 1907, p. 904.—Voigtländer was rather proud of its camera: the 1907 Voigtländer Katalog has an Alpin on the Cover (''Voigtländer Objektive und Apparate für Photographie'' 1907).</ref> The triple expansion camera allowed that the bellows could be extended to 215mm (8&frac12; inch).<ref>The Alpine Camera. ''British Journal Photographic Almanac'' 1907, p. 904.</ref>
+
The early Helios lenses are housed in aluminium barrels. Reputedly, the serial numbers of the early Helios lenses are structured according to the following pattern:<ref>[http://forum.mflenses.com/a-word-about-russian-serial-numbers-t3332.html | A Word about Russian Serial Numbers]</ref><br>
−
The first version has a pop-up [[Viewfinder#Newton finder|Newton finder]] at the top left, which, when folded down, is fully inside the casing.<ref>Similar design on this  [http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/5464782666/ unnamed camera with a French lens and shutter combination].</ref> The finder frame is quadrangular with a thin cross-hair etched in. The vertical elevation of the front standard has distinct slots in which both the arrester tightening screw and a guide pin are moving. The tripod socket on the left side of the cameras is located at the bottom.
+
000xxxx factory test (study) models, prototypes etc..<br>
 +
00xxxxx models reserved for members of the communist party and other "VIPs" .<br>
 +
0xxxxxx reserved for factory syndicat leaders.
 +
All lenses with a '0', '00' and '000' prefix reputedly underwent higher quality control.
 +
 
 +
Additional variations exist in the representation of the serial number prefixes. Observed have been <b>N</b> and <b>N&#186;</b>, whereby the 'N" appears on some of the earlier models.
 +
=====Helios 44 (Start)=====
 +
Mechanically, the Helios lens for the [[Start]] SLR differs from all other Helios-44 lenses inasmuch as the focussing ring is up front and the aperture selector at the rear. Moreover, the lens for the Start lacks the preset function of the other early models. Aperture selection with f-stops increasing in clockwise motion.
 +
*<b>Type 1</b>— f-stops to f/22; bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (<font color="red">Π</font>) in red, silver front bezel ring. Released 1958.<ref>Seen on eBay: sn/
 +
0005085 (with Start body #5904339); 
 +
0005292 (with Start body #6317417); 
 +
0014131; 
 +
0014167 (with Start body #6100790); 
 +
0016442 </ref>
  
−
The folding bed of the camera shows exposed aluminium that has been ornamented with an irregular squiggly pattern applied by a dremel. As the pattern is applied by hand, no camera bed is exactly the same in appearance. The unpainted metal face of the [[Koilos]] shutter shows a similar irregular pattern.
+
*<b>Type 2</b>— f-stops to f/16; bezel text "2/58"  and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by [[KMZ]] <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/
 +
0043802 (with Start body #6388722);
 +
0051838
 +
0052784 (with Start body #6120968);
 +
0057844 (with Start body #6112545); 
 +
0063978 (with Start body #6114645); 
 +
0060810 (with Start body #6114785);
 +
0069922;
 +
0075924 (with Start body #6119536); 
 +
0101830 (with Start body #6315633);
 +
0121214 (with Start body #6226892);
 +
</ref>
  
−
The first version introduced in 1905  carried the name of the camera between (German-style) quotation marks („Alpin”) at the top left of the front standard, and the name and place of the manufacturer at the top right as a two-line inscription  (Voigtländer, | Braunschweig).
+
=====Helios-44  ([[LTM]])=====
 +
Pre-set prime lens. The fixed lens stops have with audible clicks, while the stop-down ring (to check the depth of field) allows for a smooth contraction of the diaphragm. Aperture selection with f-stops increasing in counter-clockwise motion (differs from the Helios version used on the Start)..
 +
*<b>Type 1</b>—pre-set lens with f-stops to f/22; bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (<font color="red">Π</font>) in red, silver front bezel ring, sn 000xxxx–0017xxx. Initially used for the [[KMZ]][[Kristall_(KMZ) | Kristall]] released in 1961 and the [[KMZ]] [[Zenit 3M]].
 +
*<b>Type 2</b>— pre-set lens with f-stops to f/16
 +
:''Type 2a''—bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (<font color="red">Π</font>) in red, and a silver front bezel ring, sn 0016xxx <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0016709; 0018687, 0023907</ref>
  
−
From the start Voigtländer offered two versions of the camera, the ''Standard model'' which was covered with black Morocco leather, and a ''Tropical model'' (the 'Metall-Alpin-Kamera'), where the outside of the metal housing was textured and covered with black bake enamelled paint.<ref>The Tropical model  was sold with RMk 5 premium: Voigtländer Katalog 1907, p. 29 ¶¶</ref>  
+
:''Type 2b''—bezel text "2/58"  and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by [[KMZ]]
 +
::Type 2bi— Cyrillic labelling, ring, sn 0073xxx– <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0068221; 0059418; 0158550; 0275085 </ref>
 +
::Type 2bii—Latin labelling
 +
::Type 2biii—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0120173 </ref>
  
−
{{br}}
+
:''Type 2c''—bezel text "2/58"  and  'black' front bezel ring, 13-blade diaphragm produced by [[KMZ]] until the late 1950s, sn –0225xxx
−
{{Flickr_image
+
::Type 2ci— Cyrillic labelling<ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0030453, 0127713</ref>
−
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/8133938577/in/pool-camerawiki
+
::Type 2cii—Latin labelling <ref>Photographica Collection Dirk HR Spennemann sn/0085902; 0205436</ref>
−
|image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/8468/8133938577_ed8d0a4cbc_n.jpg
+
::Type 2ciii—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. <ref > Seen on eBay: sn/0120173 </ref>
−
|image_align= right
 
−
|image_text= Voigtländer Alpin (version 1, type A)
 
−
|scan_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 
−
|image_rights= (C)
 
−
}}
 
  
−
'''Sales'''<br>
+
:''Type 2d''—bezel text "2/58"  and  'black' front bezel ring,  8-blade diaphragm, produced by [[KMZ]] until the late 1950s, sn 024447x–
−
Sales information for this version is available from Germany <ref>Documented price points in Germany:
+
::Type 2di—Cyrillc labelling, <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/02887790 </ref>
−
  '''[[Collinear]] III f/6.3 12cm:''' in Koilos or Compound
+
::Type 2di—Cyrillc labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0275083</ref>
−
      1907–RMk 200;
+
::Type 2diIi—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0254198, 0275083</ref>
−
  '''[[Collinear]] III  135cm:''' in Koilos or Compound
 
−
      1907–RMk 210;
 
−
  '''Triple Anastigmat 12cm:''' in Koilos or Compound
 
−
      1907–RMk 170;
 
−
      Sources: 1907— Voigtländer Katalog 1907, p. 29 ¶¶.
 
−
</ref> and the United Kingdom,<ref>Documented price points in the United KIngdom:
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] III f/6.3 12cm:''' in Koilos
 
−
      1907—£9/–;
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] III  135cm:''' in Koilos
 
−
      1907–£9/10;
 
−
  '''Dynar nº 1 f/6 4&frac34; inch''' [=12cm] in Bausch & Lomb Automat
 
−
      1906–£8/-; in Koilos
 
−
      1907–£7/15;
 
−
Sources: 1906—Advertisement in BJPA 1906, p. 1370B;
 
−
              1907—Advertisement in BJPA 1907, p. 1347;
 
−
</ref>
 
  
−
====Types====
+
:''Type 2e''—bezel text "2/58"  and  black front bezel ring, 8-blade diaphragm, produced by [[MMZ]] until the mid 1960s<ref>[[MMZ]] lenses with serial numbers beginning with "N40xxx", "N50xxx" or "N60xxx" were most likely made in 1964, 1965 and 1966 (first number of sn very likely stands for the year of 196x decade).</ref>
−
Two types can be distinguished, with Type A so far only known from an advertisement.<Ref>"The Alpin Camera." Advertisement in BJPA 1906, p. 1370B.</ref>. In '''Type A''' the sled with the front standard is pulled out via a curved metal wire while in '''Type B''' the more familiar finger grips are used. Type A cameras also have a traditional [[Brillant]] viewfinder attached the front standard whereas Type B has the [[Viewfinder#Newton finder|Newton finder]].
+
::Type 2ei— Cyrillic labelling, sn 50xxxxx–60xxxxx <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/5011275 ; 5014399; 5038818</ref>
 +
::Type 2eii— Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR,' sn 50xxxxx–60xxxxx <ref >Seen on eBay: sn/6002494 (on [[Zenit]]3M); 6012651, 6024306.</ref>
  
−
{{br}}
+
=====Helios-44-2 ([[M42]])=====
−
Type B
+
:<b>Type 1</b>— pre-set lens with bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by [[Valdai]]  
−
&#8222;Alpin&#8221; normal script and Voigtländer | Braunschweig normal script 
+
::Type 1a— Cyrillic labelling<ref> Seen on eBay: sn/8708916</ref>
−
    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.8 12cm    (sn 83546) in Koilos    lens date:1906  [http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845605220/ Kazutaka Tsutsui on Flickr]; see also [http://www.h3.dion.ne.jp/~bergheil/ClassicCameras/alpin01.html Alpin]  
+
::Type 1b— Latin labelling <ref> Seen on eBay: sn/79220381; 80003408; 81276436; 81293022</ref>
−
    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.8 12cm              in Koilos                    [http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/1715165 Breker March 2006, Lot 122]
 
−
    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.3 12cm              in Compound                  [http://camerascollection.blogspot.com.au/2011/03/voigtlander-alpin.html camerascollection.blogspot]
 
−
    Voigtländer Cooke Linse    (sn 90101) in Koilos    lens date:1907  [http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/888527 Breker April 2005 Lot 231] (red bellows)
 
−
 
  
−
{{Flickr_image
+
:<b>Type 2</b>— pre-set lens with bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by [[MMZ]] <ref> Seen on eBay: sn/7654512.</ref>
−
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845605220/in/pool-camerawiki
 
−
|image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/3261/5845605220_2c2e9b3bc5_n.jpg
 
−
|image_align= right
 
−
|image_text= [[Collinear]] III, 12cm  f/6.8 in [[Koilos]] shutter
 
−
  |image_by= Kazutaka Tsutsui
 
−
  |image_rights= with permission
 
−
}}
 
−
====Lens options====
 
−
The first version of the Alpin was offered with three focal lengths, 120mm, 135mm and 150mm, all set in either [[Bausch & Lomb]] [[Automat]],  [[Compound]] or [[Koilos]] shutters.<ref>There are two spellings for the better quality lens used:  [[Collinear]] and  [[Kollinear]]. It would appear that the latter is the late 1920s spelling.</ref> In addition, Voigtländer marketed the  ''Teleansatz'' 97 mm (c.1908),  a telephoto attachment of 2.5x magnification that attached to the rear of the 12cm and 132mm  primary lenses inside the bellows (and screwed to the rear of the lens panel).<ref>[http://www.earlyphotography.co.uk/site/entry_L72.html Early Photography]</ref> The following lens and shutter combinations are on record:
 
  
−
'''120mm'''
 
−
* [[Collinear]] f/6.3 120mm<ref>Voigtländer Katalog 1907, p. 29 ¶¶</ref>
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 120mm
 
−
* Triple Anastigmat f/7 120mm<ref>Voigtländer Katalog 1907, p. 29 ¶¶</ref>
 
−
'''135mm'''
 
−
* [[Collinear]] f/6.3 135mm<ref>Voigtländer Katalog 1907, p. 29 ¶¶</ref>
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 135mm
 
−
* Triple Anastigmat f/7 135mm
 
−
**in [[Koilos]] shutter<ref>Seen in a Polish on-line auction July 2009.</ref>
 
−
'''150mm'''
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 150mm 
 
−
* Triple Anastigmat f/7 150mm
 
  
 
{|class=plainlinks align=center
 
{|class=plainlinks align=center
 
||
 
||
 
  {{Flickr_image
 
  {{Flickr_image
−
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845052505/in/pool-camerawiki
+
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20429889789/in/pool-camerawiki
−
  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/2528/5845052505_7d8850a6f7_n.jpg
+
  |image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/689/20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
−
  |image_align= top
+
  |image_align= center
 +
|image_text=
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 
  }}
 
  }}
−
  ||
+
||
 
  {{Flickr_image
 
  {{Flickr_image
−
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845610436/in/pool-camerawiki
+
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/19994020694/in/pool-camerawiki
−
  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/3374/5845605856_ba31a3d31e_n.jpg
+
  |image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/695/19994020694_8fcaa82d90_n.jpg
 
  |image_align= center
 
  |image_align= center
 +
|image_text=
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 
  }}
 
  }}
−
||
+
|| {{Flickr_image
−
{{Flickr_image
+
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/581/20623213781/in/pool-camerawiki
−
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/8113320796/in/pool-camerawiki
+
  |image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/581/20623213781_c08b944446_n.jpg
−
  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/8194/8113320796_6a18640012_n.jpg
 
 
  |image_align= center
 
  |image_align= center
 +
|image_text=
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 
  }}
 
  }}
 
  |-
 
  |-
 +
|colspan=3 align="center"|
 +
{{Flickr_image_caption
 +
|image_text= [[KMZ]]-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm for [[Start]] SLR
 +
|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 +
|image_rights= with permission
 +
}}
 +
|}
 +
 +
 +
{|class=plainlinks align=center
 
||
 
||
 
  {{Flickr_image
 
  {{Flickr_image
−
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845607434/in/pool-camerawiki
+
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20429889789/in/pool-camerawiki
−
  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5112/5845607434_a61033c903_n.jpg
+
  |image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/689/20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
 
  |image_align= center
 
  |image_align= center
 +
|image_text=
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 
  }}
 
  }}
 
  ||
 
  ||
 
  {{Flickr_image
 
  {{Flickr_image
−
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/8113334851/in/pool-camerawiki
+
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/19994020694/in/pool-camerawiki
−
  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/8186/8113334851_bb84ce5718_n.jpg
+
  |image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/695/19994020694_8fcaa82d90_n.jpg
 
  |image_align= center
 
  |image_align= center
 +
|image_text=
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 
  }}
 
  }}
−
||
+
|| {{Flickr_image
−
{{Flickr_image
+
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/581/20623213781/in/pool-camerawiki
−
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845609758/in/pool-camerawiki
+
  |image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/581/20623213781_c08b944446_n.jpg
−
  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5073/5845609758_2c2352056b_n.jpg
 
 
  |image_align= center
 
  |image_align= center
 +
|image_text=
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 
  }}
 
  }}
−
|-
+
|-
 
  |colspan=3 align="center"|
 
  |colspan=3 align="center"|
 
{{Flickr_image_caption
 
{{Flickr_image_caption
−
  |image_text= Voigtländer Alpin 9 x 12cm (version 1) with Collinear III, 12cm  f/6.8
+
  |image_text= [[KMZ]]-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm Type 2cii
−
  |image_by= Kazutaka Tsutsui
+
  |image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 
  |image_rights= with permission
 
  |image_rights= with permission
 
}}  
 
}}  
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
===Version 2, 1908-28===
 
−
The new Alpin was first advertised in the British press in 1908.<ref>The Voigtländer Alpine camera. BJPA 1908, p. 1135.</ref> The triple expansion camera measures 146 x 111 x 38 mm  (5&frac34; x 4&frac38; x 1&frac12; inches) and weighs 765g (1 lb 11 oz).<ref>The Voigtländer Alpine camera. BJPA 1908, p. 1135.</ref>
 
−
 
−
The camera has a fold-up [[Viewfinder#Newton finder|Newton finder]] at the top left, which, when folded down, remains external, but is flush with the casing. The top of the finder frame has an apex, while the glass has  red cross-hairs etched in. A folding [[Brillant]]-type finder which attached to the front standard could be purchased as an extra option.<ref> Catalog of Lenses, Cameras Binoculars and Opera Glasses 1915-1916. Voigtlander & Sohn 240-258 E. Ontario St., Chicado, Ill. and 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, p.38.</ref> The leather hand strap, with an embossed 'Voigtländer' name tag, is at the right hand side of the body, while tripod sockets are locate the the bottom and the centre of the left side of the body . The fold-out cover for the focussing screen is embossed „Alpin”.  The catch for the front door is released by pressing a button on the top plate.<ref>Unlike many other cameras this button is exposed rather then covered by the leather.</ref> The major technical change is the way the vertical elevation of the front standard is handled. While in Version 1 the standard has distinct slots in which both the arrester tightening screw and a guide pin are moving, version 2 does away with these and merely has an arrester tightening screw, permanently located  &frac14; down from the top.  The Alpin was a triple extension camera operated by a spiral rack and pinion with a lock.  A large focussing wheel is at the right fore edge of the fold-down front door.  This model was produced until 1928.<ref>No longer included in the 1930 catalogue ('''Sein Stolz, eine Voigtländer''.'  Nr 2308/430. Braunschweig: Voigtländer & Sohn.</ref>
 
−
 
−
====Sales History====
 
−
<!--                                                                                                                                                                                        -->
 
−
<!--  xxxx  DO NO CHANGE THE LAYOUT OF THE CODE BELOW (so that additional price points can be readily inserted) xxxx -->
 
−
<!--                                                                                                                                                                                        -->
 
−
Based on available catalogues and advertisements in journals and newspapers, the ''Alpin''  was formally distributed in Germany,<ref>Documented price points in Germany:
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] f/6.3 12cm:''' in Koilos
 
−
      1912–RMk 230;
 
−
  '''Dynar f/5.5 135mm:''' in Koilos
 
−
      1912–RMk 205;
 
−
      Sources: 1912—Newspaper advertisement (on web, no further bibliographic data).
 
−
</ref> Austria, Switzerland,<ref>Documented price points in Switzerland:
 
−
  '''[[Kollinear]] III f/6.8 132mm:''' in Compur
 
−
      1927–CHF 276
 
−
  '''Dynar f/5.5 135mm:''' in Compur
 
−
        1927–CHF 264
 
−
  '''[[Heliar]] f/4.5 135mm:''' in Compur
 
−
        1927–CHF 294
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] Satzanastigmat''' with 6 different focal lengths f/7 to f/12.5
 
−
        1927–CHF 366
 
−
  Sources: 1927–Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch.</i> St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 124.
 
−
</ref> the United Kingdom,<ref>Documented price points in the United Kingdom:
 
−
  '''Dynar f/5.5 4&frac34;inch''' [=12cm] in Compound
 
−
          1908–£8/15;
 
−
          1909–£10/5;
 
−
          1910–£10/5; in Koilos or Compound
 
−
          1911–£10/5; in Compound
 
−
          1912–£10/5;
 
−
          1913–£10/5;
 
−
          1914–£10/5; 
 
−
  '''Dynar f/5.5 5 3/8inch''' [=13.5cm] in Koilos
 
−
          1910–£10/15; in Koilor or Compound
 
−
          1911–£10/15; in Compound
 
−
          1912–£10/15;
 
−
          1913–£10/15;
 
−
          1914–£10/15; 
 
−
  '''Dynar f/5.5 15cm'''  in Koilos or Compound
 
−
          1910–£11/5;
 
−
          1911–£11/5; in Compound
 
−
          1912–£11/5;
 
−
          1913–£11/5;
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] f/6.3 4&frac34;inch''' [=12cm] in Compound
 
−
          1910–£11/14;
 
−
          1914–£11/10;
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] f/6.3 12cm:''' in Koilos
 
−
          1908–£10/–;
 
−
          1909–£11/10;
 
−
          1910–£11/14; in Koilos or Compound
 
−
          1911–£11/10in Compound
 
−
          1912–£11/10;
 
−
          1913–£11/10;
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] f/6.3 5&frac14;inch''' [=13.5cm] in Compound
 
−
          1908–£10/10;
 
−
          1909–£12/–;
 
−
          1910–£12/4; in Koilos or Compound
 
−
          1911–£12/–; in Compound
 
−
          1912–£12/–;
 
−
          1913–£12/–;
 
−
          1914–£12/–; in Compur
 
−
          1925–£16/16;
 
−
  '''[[Heliar]] f/4.5 13.5cm''' in Compur
 
−
          1925–£17/17
 
−
    .—Sources: 1908—BJPA, p. 1135; 1909—BJPA, p. 119; 1910–''Photographic Cameras, Lenses and Accessories'' [Catalogue] 1910 Voigtländer & Sohn AG [Printed by Curis & Beanish, Coventry], p. 85; 1910–BJPA 1910, p. 1068-69; 1911—BJPA, pp. 1076-77; 1912—BJPA, pp. 1076-77; 1913—BJPA 1913, p. 1099; 1914–BJPA 1914, p. 1119; Voigtländer did not advertise in the BJPA 1915-1924; 1925—BJPA 1925, p. 746.
 
−
</ref> the USA,<ref>Documented price points in the USA:
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] f/6.3:''' in Koilos
 
−
      1908–US$ 60
 
−
    '''[[Collinear]]''' II  f/5.4 16.5cm in Compur
 
−
          1915-$74;
 
−
    '''[[Collinear]]''' III  f/6.8 16.5cm in Compur
 
−
          1915-$70;
 
−
          19xx—US$ 75
 
−
  '''[[Heliar]] f/4.5 135mm:''' in Compur
 
−
      19xx—US$ 80 
 
−
  Sources: 1908–([http://www.flickr.com/photos/captainspaulding/4349802504  ''Burr McIntosh Monthly'' (New York), vol. 18 nº 69, December 1908]);
 
−
                1915–''Catalog of Lenses, Cameras Binoculars and  Opera Glasses 1915-1916''. Voigtlander & Sohn 240-258 E. Ontario St., Chicado, Ill. and 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, p.38-39;
 
−
                19xx–([http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/8089263932 Advertisement Motion Picture Apparatus Co, New York]);
 
−
 
−
</ref>, Austria and France.The distribution structure is not fully clear, but it would appear that from 1911 to about 1926 Voigtländer handled its own distribution of the ''Alpin'' rather than relying on major local distributors. Indeed, the situation in France was such that Voigtländer was apparently not stocked by the main French camera houses until 1927/28 <ref>The only exception are the irregular listings of the [[Voigtländer]] Stereoflektoscop.</ref>. Thus there are no listings for the ''Alpin'' in the catalogues of any of the major Paris retailers such as Omnium-Photo, Photo-Hall, Photo-Plait, Photo-Sport or Tiranty. The only French listings of the ''Alpin'' that could be found occurred pre World War I, contained in the catalogue of the  mail order house ''Manufacture Français d'Armes et Cycles de Saint-Ètienne''.<ref>Price points in France:
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] f/6.3:''' in Koilos
 
−
        1908 & 1909–FFrancs 263; 1910–FFrancs 300
 
−
    '''Dynar f/5.5 135mm:''' in Koilos
 
−
        1908 & 1909–FFrancs  220; 1910–FFrancs  258
 
−
    Sources 1908-1910: ''Catalogue Manufacture Français d'Armes et Cycles de Saint-Ètienne'' 1908, p. 587; 1909, p. 475; 1910, p. 526.—
 
−
</ref>
 
  
−
====Types====
 
−
Three types  have been observed which show a number of technical as well as cosmetic differences. They can be best distinguished by the lettering variations of the front standard:<ref>The dating of the three lettering variants is based primarily on an analysis of the observed [[Voigtländer serial numbers | serial numbers of the lenses]].</ref><br>
 
−
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Type A:''' normal script: &#8222;Alpin&#8221;  at left  and Voigtländer  (with 'Braunschweig' below) at right (1907-1909)<br>
 
−
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Type B:''' running script horizontal: &#8222;Alpin&#8221;  at left and Voigtländer (with top swirl from the 'r' ) at right  (1906–1910?)<br>
 
−
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Type C:''' running script set at 30&deg; inclination: <br>
 
−
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Variant 1: Voigtländer (with top swirl from the 'r' ) at left and &#8222;Alpin&#8221;  at right (~1907)<br>
 
−
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Variant 2: &#8222;Alpin&#8221;  at left and Voigtländer (with top swirl from the 'r' ) at right (1910?–1930)
 
−
 
−
Types A and B seem to occur concurrent, at least in the early part, with the lens serial numbers intermingled. It is quite possible that these lettering types represent cameras marketed for German-speaking countries (type A)  and the rest of the world (type B).<ref>The rationale for this assumption is that Type A also carries the town name 'Braunschweig' which is the spelling in German-speaking countries (i.e. Germany, Austria and part of Switzerland) while it is spelled 'Brunswick' in both French and English.</ref> It can be surmised that the special lettering was dropped in favour of a universal labelling.
 
−
 
−
=====Type A (1907-1909) =====
 
−
The lettering of the front board is rendered in normal script: &#8222;Alpin&#8221;  at left  and Voigtländer  (with 'Braunschweig' below) at right.
 
−
 
−
&#8222;Alpin&#8221;  normal script and Voigtländer | Braunschweig normal script 
 
−
    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.3 132mm  (sn  99071) in Compound  lens date1908  (eBay 320965243662, August 2012)
 
−
    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.3 132mm  (sn 101698) in Compur    lens date1909  (eBay 120953995217, July 2012)
 
−
    Dynar f/6  12cm            (sn  88592) in Koilos    lens date1907  [http://voigtlander.pagesperso-orange.fr/anglais/alpinA.htm Pierre Dalger]
 
−
 
−
=====Type B (1906-1910) =====
 
−
The lettering of the front board is rendered in running script horizontal: &#8222;Alpin&#8221;  at left and Voigtländer (with top swirl from the 'r' ) at right. The changes between the Type A and Type B bodies are mainly of a cosmetic nature. The tripod socket on the left side of the cameras is now located in the centre rather than at the bottom. In TYpe B the  finger grips for the sled of the front standard are both thicker and are set forward a bit more, making it easier to grip them when sliding out the sled. The front standard was redesigned is is now made of single U-shaped fork piece into which the front board is slotted. In addition, the sides of the bellows of Type B units have a small metal loop on on of the folds to prevent the bellows from sagging when the second and third extension are not fully extended.<ref>Presumably, a metal rod would have been slid in there.</ref>
 
−
 
−
  &#8222;Alpin&#8221;  running script horizontal, and Voigtländer running script horizontal
 
−
    '''Collinear IIInº2 f/6.8 4&frac34;inch:'''
 
−
        sn 84424 (lens date 1906) in Koilos (eBay 200800224776, August 2012 with US Patent nº on lens);
 
−
 
 
−
    .—'''Collinear III f/6.8 12cm:'''
 
−
        sn 101422 (lens date 1908) in Koilos (eBay 350485857317; September 2011);
 
−
 
 
−
    .—'''Collinear III f/6.8 4&frac34;inch:'''
 
−
        sn 105058 (lens date 1909) in Compound ([http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845614600/ Kazutaka Tsutsui via Flickr]);
 
−
 
−
    .—'''Collinear III f/6.8 132mm:'''
 
−
        sn  98496 (lens date 1908) in Compound ([http://www.auction2000.se/auk/w.Object?inC=FHR&inA=12052007&inO=424 Photo Rahn Photographica Auction 5 Lot 424]);
 
−
        sn 103198 (lens date 1909) in Compound ([http://www.flickr.com/photos/wboisen/5034923691/ W Boisen via Flickr]);
 
−
 
−
    .—'''Dynar f/5.5 12cm:'''             
 
−
        sn  84815 (lens date 1906) in B&L Automat  ([http://www.earlyphotography.co.uk/site/entry_C301.html Early Photography]);
 
−
 
−
 
−
 
 
{|class=plainlinks align=center
 
{|class=plainlinks align=center
 
||
 
||
 
  {{Flickr_image
 
  {{Flickr_image
−
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845614600/in/pool-camerawiki
+
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20429889789/in/pool-camerawiki
−
  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/3399/5845614600_8c4321b71b_n.jpg
+
  |image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/689/20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
 
  |image_align= center
 
  |image_align= center
 +
|image_text= Lens Bezel Type ¶¶¶
 +
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 
  }}
 
  }}
 
  ||
 
  ||
 
  {{Flickr_image
 
  {{Flickr_image
−
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845613008/in/pool-camerawiki
+
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/19994020694/in/pool-camerawiki
−
  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5306/5845613008_31faa9bc1a_n.jpg
+
  |image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/695/19994020694_8fcaa82d90_n.jpg
 +
|image_align= center
 +
|image_text= Lens Bezel Type ¶¶¶
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 +
}}
 +
|| {{Flickr_image
 +
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/581/20451767028/in/pool-camerawiki
 +
|image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/767/20451767028_98f84a5c7b_n.jpg
 
  |image_align= center
 
  |image_align= center
 +
|image_text=Lens Bezel Type 2cii
 +
|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 +
|image_rights= with permission
 
  }}
 
  }}
−
  ||
+
  |-
−
{{Flickr_image
 
−
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845061693/in/pool-camerawiki
 
−
|image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/3534/5845061693_a1b2b2325e_n.jpg
 
−
|image_align= top
 
−
}}
 
−
|-
 
 
  |colspan=3 align="center"|
 
  |colspan=3 align="center"|
 
{{Flickr_image_caption
 
{{Flickr_image_caption
−
  |image_text= Voigtländer Alpin 9 x 12cm (version 2 script type B) with Collinear III, 4&frac34; inch f/6.8
+
  |image_text= Lens Bezel inscriptions of [[KMZ]]-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm
−
|image_by= Kazutaka Tsutsui
+
 
−
|image_rights= with permission
 
 
}}  
 
}}  
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
=====Type C (1910-1930) =====
+
==Sample Images==
−
Overall, the edges of the casing of metal body are now rounded rather than crisp as in the previous models. The struts holding the folding bed are now broader and stronger. The principal technical changes introduced with type C are that the focussing wheel has been moved inwards from the right fore edge of the folding bed and now runs in a slot, some 5mm from the edge. We can presume that this design modification  was introduced to prevent accidental focus adjustment. The front standard has been redesigned, with a ¶¶ shape and with ¶¶ edges. The  vertical movement of the front board is arrested by a single screw, now placed at the very top of the right side of  U-shaped fork rather than having two screws &frac14; down as in the previous model. The finger grips for the sled have been slightly enlarged and placed on a spring-loaded fold-down unit, which allows for an easier grip, especially for larger hands.
 
−
 
 
−
A range of lenses was observed, but from 1913 onwards all units seem to have a [[Compur]] Shutter.
 
−
 
−
'''Variant 1'''<br>
 
−
The lettering of the front board is rendered in running script set at 30&deg; inclination:Voigtländer (with top swirl from the 'r') running script 30&deg; inclination at left and  &#8222;Alpin&#8221;  running script 30&deg; inclination at right. One example has been observed fitted with a Collinear III f/6.8 132mm in a Compound shutter. The serial number of that lens suggests a manufacture of 1907,<ref>For dating [[Voigtländer]] lenses via their serial numbers, see [[Voigtländer serial numbers | this wiki page]].</ref> which would make it contemporary with Types A and B.<ref>Until other examples can be documented it cannot be ruled out that this is a later modification.</ref>
 
−
 
 
−
  Observed lenses Variant 1
 
−
    running script 30&deg; inclination, ad Voigtländer with top swirl from the 'r' at left and  &#8222;Alpin&#8221;  at right
 
−
      '''Collinear III f/6.8 132mm:'''
 
−
          sn 96492 (lens date 1907) in Compound  ([http://www.kasafo.de/images/kameras/platten/alpin/alpin1800.jpg kasafo.de]);
 
−
 
 
−
'''Variant 2'''<br>
 
−
The lettering of the front board is rendered in running script set at 30&deg; inclination: &#8222;Alpin&#8221;  at left and Voigtländer (with top swirl from the 'r' ) at right. This became the uniform pattern of lettering from about 1911 onwards. One example has been observed fitted with a Collinear III f/6.8 12cm in a Koilos shutter. The serial number of that lens suggests a manufacture of 1905,<ref>For dating [[Voigtländer]] lenses via their serial numbers, see [[Voigtländer serial numbers | this wiki page]].</ref> which would make it contemporary with Types A and B.<ref>Until other examples can be documented it cannot be ruled out that this is a later modification.</ref>
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
Observed lenses Variant 2
 
−
  running script 30&deg; inclination, &#8222;Alpin&#8221;  at left and Voigtländer with top swirl from the 'r' at right
 
−
 
−
    '''Collinear III f/6.3 12cm:'''
 
−
                in Compur ([http://camerascollection.blogspot.com.au/2011/03/voigtlander-alpin.html camerascollection.blogspot.com.au]);
 
−
      sn 80028 (lens date 1905) in Compound ([http://www.leicashop.com/bilder/shop_klein/19610_50a.jpg  Photo 1]; [http://www.leicashop.com/bilder/shop_klein/19610_50b.jpg  Photo 2]; Leicashop);
 
−
 
 
−
    .—'''Kollinear II.2 f/5.4 4&frac34;inch:'''
 
−
      sn 123208 (lens date 1913) in Compur ([http://cdn.fotocommunity.com/photos/7202012.jpg fotocommunity.com]);
 
−
      sn 127131 (lens date 1914) in Compur (eBay 350589311980, August 2012);
 
−
 
−
    .—'''Kollinear III f/6.8 132mm:'''
 
−
        sn 112086 (lens date 1911) in Compound ([http://www.schilderjagd.de/?p=29688 on enamelled Voigtländer advertising sign]);
 
−
 
−
    .—'''Kollinear III f/6.8 132mm:'''
 
−
        sn 134783 (lens date 1915) in Compur ([http://www.auction2000.se/auk/w.Object?inC=LP&inA=07-04-22&inO=191 Fotoauktioner Auktion 26, October, 2012, Lot 191]);
 
−
        sn 138148 (lens date 1916) in Compur ([http://www.cinci.de/einzel/101.html Cinci's site]);
 
−
        sn 140305 (lens date 1917) in Compur ([http://www.cinci.de/einzel/101.html Cinci's site]);
 
−
        sn 161564 (lens date 1921) in Compur (ebay 180864519313, April 2012);
 
−
        sn 161800 (lens date 1921) in Compur (eBay 270910952019; February 2012);
 
−
 
−
    .—'''Heliar f/4.5 13.5cm:'''
 
−
        sn 169120 (lens date 1921) in Compur ([http://www.cinci.de/einzel/59.html Cinci's site]);
 
−
        sn 176778 (lens date 1922) in Compur (ebay  Feb 2012)
 
−
        sn 189992 (lens date 1922) in Compur [http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845612450/  Kazutaka Tsutsui via Flickr]
 
−
        in Compur                    http://retronom.hu/node/22412
 
−
  .—In addition, observed were a
 
−
        '''Voigtar f/6.3 10.5cm''' (Yahoo Japan, October 2012); and a
 
−
        '''Goerz (Berlin) Dagor 130 mm''' (ebay 370341407741, April 2010)
 
−
 
 
  
 
{|class=plainlinks align=center
 
{|class=plainlinks align=center
 
||
 
||
 
  {{Flickr_image
 
  {{Flickr_image
−
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845612450/in/pool-camerawiki
+
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20606641325/in/pool-camerawiki
−
  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/2728/5845612450_9411037ca2_n.jpg
+
  |image= http://farm1.staticflickr.com/584/20606641325_a2c6f4d60e_n.jpg
 
  |image_align= center
 
  |image_align= center
 +
|image_text= 'Pink on Grey'
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 
  }}
 
  }}
 
  ||
 
  ||
 
  {{Flickr_image
 
  {{Flickr_image
−
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845059323/in/pool-camerawiki
+
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20128647773/in/pool-camerawiki
−
  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/2681/5845059323_2de5f81d4c_n.jpg
+
  |image= http://farm1.staticflickr.com/650/20128647773_ebf22d02ec_n.jpg
 
  |image_align= center
 
  |image_align= center
 +
|image_text='E'
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 
  }}
 
  }}
 
  ||
 
  ||
 
  {{Flickr_image
 
  {{Flickr_image
−
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845059835/in/pool-camerawiki
+
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20127285274/in/pool-camerawiki
−
  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/3352/5845059835_1b11b110dc_n.jpg
+
  |image= http://farm1.staticflickr.com/634/20127285274_2052eff246_n.jpg
 
  |image_align= top
 
  |image_align= top
 +
|image_text= Gum Nuts
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 
  }}
 
  }}
 
  |-
 
  |-
 
  |colspan=3 align="center"|
 
  |colspan=3 align="center"|
 
{{Flickr_image_caption
 
{{Flickr_image_caption
−
  |image_text= Voigtländer Alpin 9 x 12cm (version 2, Type C) with Heliar 13.5cm f/4.5
+
  |image_text= Sample images taken with a Helios-44 Type Type 2cii mounted on a Nikon D800
−
  |image_by= Kazutaka Tsutsui
+
  |image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 
  |image_rights= with permission
 
  |image_rights= with permission
 
}}  
 
}}  
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
====Lens options====
+
==Notes==
−
The second version of the ''Alpin'' was offered in various focal ranges, broadly speaking 120mm, 135mm and 150mm, all set in [[Compound]],  [[Koilos]] or [[Compur]] shutters. In addition, Voigtländer marketed the  ''Teleansatz'' 97 mm (c.1908),  a telephoto attachment of 2.5x magnification that attached to the rear of the 12cm and 132mm  primary lenses inside the bellows (and screwed to the rear of the lens panel).<ref>[http://www.earlyphotography.co.uk/site/entry_L72.html Earky Photography]</ref> On record are the following lens and shutter combinations:
 
−
 
 
−
'''120mm'''
 
−
* [[Collinear]] f/6.3 120mm
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 120mm
 
−
** in [[Bausch & Lomb]] [[Automat]] shutter
 
−
* Dynar f/6 120mm
 
−
**in [[Koilos]] shutter<ref>[http://voigtlander.pagesperso-orange.fr/anglais/alpinA.htm Pierre Dalger]</ref>
 
−
* Triple Anastigmat f/7 120mm
 
−
 
 
−
'''4&frac34;inch''' (120.5 mm)
 
−
*[[Kollinear]] II.2 f/5.4 4&frac34;inch
 
−
 
 
−
'''132mm'''
 
−
*[[Kollinear]] II f/4.5 132mm
 
−
**in [[Compur]] shutter<ref>''Catalog of Lenses, Cameras Binoculars and  Opera Glasses 1915-1916''. Voigtlander & Sohn 240-258 E. Ontario St., Chicado, Ill. and 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, p.38-39.</ref>
 
−
*[[Kollinear]] III f/6.8 132mm
 
−
**in [[Koilos]] shutter<ref>''Catalogue Manufacture Français d'Armes et Cycles de Saint-Ètienne'' 1908, p. 587; 1909, p. 475; 1910, p. 526 (catalogue page depicted in the catalogue section of  the [http://www.collection-appareils.fr/x/html/page_standard.php?id_appareil=21124 Alpin entry] at Sylvain Halgand's site).</ref>
 
−
**in [[Compur]] shutter<ref>''Catalog of Lenses, Cameras Binoculars and  Opera Glasses 1915-1916''. Voigtlander & Sohn 240-258 E. Ontario St., Chicado, Ill. and 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, p.38-39.—Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch. St. Gallen</i> (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 124.</ref>.
 
−
 
 
−
{{Flickr_image
 
−
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/8134012394/in/pool-camerawiki
 
−
|image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/8196/8134012394_248bbfb753.jpg
 
−
|image_align= right
 
−
|image_text= Telephoto attachment for the Voigtländer Alpin (as fitted)
 
−
|scan_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 
−
|image_rights= (C)
 
−
}}
 
−
'''135mm'''
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 135mm
 
−
**in [[Koilos]] shutter<ref>''Catalogue Manufacture Français d'Armes et Cycles de Saint-Ètienne'' 1908, p. 587; 1909, p. 475; 1910, p. 526 (catalogue page depicted in the catalogue section of  the [http://www.collection-appareils.fr/x/html/page_standard.php?id_appareil=21124 Alpin entry] at Sylvain Halgand's site).</ref>
 
−
**in [[Compur]] shutter<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch.</i> St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 124.</ref>.
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 135mm
 
−
**in [[Compur]] shutter<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch.</i> St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 124.</ref>.
 
−
* Triple Anastigmat f/7 135mm
 
−
 
 
−
'''150mm'''
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 150mm 
 
−
* Triple Anastigmat f/7 150mm
 
−
'''Varied'''
 
−
* '''[[Collinear]] Satzanastigmat''' with 6 different focal lengths f/7 to f/12.5<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch.</i> St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 124.</ref>.
 
−
* '''Telephoto attachment''', which screwed onto the rear cell ''inside'' the bellows and gave a 2.5x magnification.<ref> The "Alpine" Telephoto attachment. ''British Journal Photographic Almanac'' 1909, p. 722.</ref>
 
−
 
 
−
In addition, an ''Alpin'' was observed fitted with a  Voigtar f/6.3 10.5cm,<ref>Seen in an on-line auction, Yahoo Japan, October 2012</ref> which is most likely a post-market modification with a lens and shutter unit salvaged from a Voigtländer [[Bessa]].
 
−
 
 
−
===Version 3, Alpin Rapid (~1925)===
 
−
The Alpin Rapid was a prototype for a development that was not followed through.<ref>From the former Voigtländer-Museum  in Braunschweig. [http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/2453153 Breker September 2006, Lot 175]; [http://www.artfact.com/auction-lot/voigtlander-alpin-rapid-,-c.-1925-127-c-fbb27362ac  Breker Mach 2009, Lot 127]</ref> A camera with red, single extension bellows. The fold-down front bed has a deep recess to allow for the bulging Skopar in Turbo Shutter. The  canera has red spirit-filled bubble levels on top and on left side. An expandable waist-level viewfinder mounted on the top of the camera. Fitted with Anastigmat Skopar f/4.5 13.5cm in [[Voigtländer]] Turbo Shutter.
 
−
 
 
−
==10 x15 format==
 
−
Soon after the introduction of the 9x12 model, Voigtländer realised that there was a market for a wider format, more suitable for landscapes and group photographs. In consequence, the 10 x 15 version was introduced.<ref>Documented Price Points:
 
−
'''UNITED STATES'''
 
−
    '''[[Collinear]]''' II  f/5.4 16.5cm in Compur
 
−
          1915-$97;
 
−
    '''[[Collinear]]''' III  f/6.8 16.5cm in Compur
 
−
          1915-$92;
 
−
        Sources: 1915–Catalog of Lenses, Cameras Binoculars and  Opera Glasses 1915-1916. Voigtlander & Sohn 240-258 E. Ontario St., Chicado, Ill. and 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, p.38-39;
 
−
</ref> The camera has a fold-up [[Viewfinder#Newton finder|Newton finder]] in the center, which, when folded down, is external, but flush with the casing. The top of the finder frame has an apex, while the glass shows  etched-in red cross-hairs. The front standard has a curved, higher central section and lacks the lettering that is present on the 9x12 model.
 
−
 
−
 
 
−
10x15
 
−
  no text on front board
 
−
  [[Collinear]] f/6.3        (sn  97983) in [[Compound]]  lens date: 1907  [http://www.christies.com/lotFinder/lot_details.aspx?intObjectID=624580 Christies Sale 7145, March 1996, Lot 337]
 
−
  [[Collinear]] f/6.3  16.5cm (sn 132247) in [[Compur]]    lens date: 1914  http://www.blende-und-zeit.sirutor-und-compur.de/thread.php?board=1&thread=5
 
−
  [[Collinear]] f/12.5 15cm  (sn 618505)              lens date:~1930  [http://www.westlicht-auction.com/index.php?id=8131&acat=8131&_ssl=off Westlicht nº 4, November 2003, Lot 360]
 
−
 
 
−
Goerz Doppel Anastigmat 245054 in Compund http://www.kasafo.de/images/kameras/platten/alpinp/alpinp1800.jpg
 
−
===Version 1, 1908-14===
 
−
====Lens options====
 
−
<!--                                                                                                                                                                                        -->
 
−
<!--  xxxx  DO NO CHANGE THE LAYOUT OF THE CODE BELOW (so that additional price points can be readily inserted) xxxx -->
 
−
<!--                                                                                                                                                                                        -->
 
−
The camera was offered in three focal lengths, 165mm, 180mm and 210mm, all set in either  [[Compound]] or [[Koilos]] shutters.<ref>Documented Price Points:
 
−
'''SWITZERLAND:'''
 
−
[[Collinear]] f/6.3 165mm in Compur
 
−
      1927: CHF 404;
 
−
.— Dynar f/5.5 165mm in Compur
 
−
      1927: CHF 390
 
−
.— [[Heliar]] f/4.5 165mm in Compur
 
−
      1927: CHF 442;
 
−
.— [[Heliar]] f/4.5 180mm in Compur
 
−
      1927: CHF 462;
 
−
.— [[Heliar]] f/4.5 210mm in Compur
 
−
      1927: CHF 526;
 
−
.— [[Collinear]] Satzanastigmat with 6 different focal lengths, f.6.3 to f/12.5
 
−
      1927: CHF 492;
 
−
.—Sources: 1927—Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch.</i> St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 125.—
 
−
 
 
−
'''UNITED KINGDOM:'''
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] f/5.5 15cm:''' [=6 inch] in Compound
 
−
          1910–£17/10;
 
−
          1914–£15/5;
 
−
          Sources: 1910–''Voigtländer Catalogue'' 1910, p. 88; also: ''British Journal Photographic Almanac 1910'', p. 1069;
 
−
            1914–''British Journal Almanac'' 1914, p. 1119
 
−
</ref> In addition, Voigtländer marketed the  ''Teleansatz'' 97 mm (c.1908),  a telephoto attachment of 2.5x magnification that attached to the rear of the 12cm and 132mm  primary lenses inside the bellows (and screwed to the rear of the lens panel).<ref>[http://www.earlyphotography.co.uk/site/entry_L72.html Earky Photography]</ref> The following lens and shutter combinations are on record:
 
−
 
 
−
'''165mm'''
 
−
* [[Collinear]] f/6.3 165mm
 
−
**in [[Compur]] shutter
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 165mm 
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 165mm
 
−
'''180mm'''
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 180mm
 
−
'''210mm'''
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 210mm
 
−
'''Varied'''
 
−
* [[Collinear]] Satzanastigmat with 6 different focal lengths
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
{|class=floatright
 
−
|
 
−
{{Flickr_image
 
−
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/8107394622/in/pool-camerawiki/
 
−
|image= http://farm5.static.flickr.com/8463/8107394622_c033d95b15_n.jpg
 
−
|image_align= right
 
−
|image_text= 1915 model of the Alpin 10x15<ref>''Catalog of Lenses, Cameras Binoculars and  Opera Glasses 1915-1916''. Voigtlander & Sohn 240-258 E. Ontario St., Chicado, Ill. and 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, p.39.</ref>
 
−
|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 
−
|image_rights= with permission
 
−
}}
 
−
|}
 
−
 
 
−
===Version 2, 1915-25===
 
−
The second version of the 10 x 15 Alpin saw the introduction of an additional  focussing wheel on the photographer's left.
 
−
The finger grips for the sled have been slightly enlarged and placed on a spring-loaded fold-down unit, which allows for an easier grip, especially for larger hands. <ref>Illustration in ''Catalog of Lenses, Cameras Binoculars and Opera Glasses 1915-1916''. Voigtlander & Sohn 240-258 E. Ontario St., Chicado, Ill. and 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, p.38.</ref>
 
−
A folding [[Brillant]]-type finder which attached to the front standard could be purchased as an extra option.<ref> Catalog of Lenses, Cameras Binoculars and Opera Glasses 1915-1916. Voigtlander & Sohn 240-258 E. Ontario St., Chicado, Ill. and 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, p.38.</ref> The front extension (of the triple extension bellows) has a special scissor strut support system that ensures rigidity and prevents the  bellows from sagging.<ref>Photographica Collection Dirk HR Spennemann, image to be added when camera is in hand.</ref>
 
−
 
 
−
===Version 3, 1926-28===
 
−
====Lens options====
 
−
The camera was offered as a 'postcard' camera in three focal length, 165mm, 180mm and 210mm, all set in [[Compound]] or [[Compur]] shutters:
 
−
'''165mm'''
 
−
* [[Collinear]] f/6.3 165mm
 
−
**in [[Compur]] shutter<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch. </i>St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 125.</ref>.
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 165mm 
 
−
**in [[Compur]] shutter<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch. </i>St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 125.</ref>.
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 165mm
 
−
**in [[Compur]] shutter<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch. </i>St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 125.</ref>.
 
−
'''180mm'''
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 180mm
 
−
**in [[Compur]]<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch. </i>St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 125.</ref>.
 
−
'''210mm'''
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 210mm
 
−
**in [[Compound]] shutter<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch. </i>St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 125.</ref>.
 
−
'''Varied'''
 
−
* [[Collinear]] Satzanastigmat with 6 different focal lengths, f.6.3 to f/12.5<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch. </i>St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 125.</ref>.
 
−
 
 
−
==Stereo Alpin==
 
−
 
 
−
===9 x 12 format Stereo===
 
−
 
 
−
Mentioned in F Voigtländer Katalog 1907, p. 29
 
−
 
 
−
===10x15 format Stereo===
 
−
{|class=floatright
 
−
|
 
−
{{Flickr_image
 
−
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/8104956916/in/pool-camerawiki/
 
−
|image= http://farm5.static.flickr.com/8327/8104956916_bd43dcac59_n.jpg
 
−
|image_align= right
 
−
|image_text= 1910 model of the Stereo Alpin 10x15  twin-lens  version <br>with [[Kollinear]] III f/6.8 150mm<ref> ''British Journal Photographic Almanac'' 1910, p. 1069</ref>
 
−
|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 
−
|image_rights= with permission
 
−
}}
 
−
|}
 
−
The Stereo Alpine replaced the Stereo-Panoramic Camera of 1906 which had a focal plane shutter fashioned akin to the Metall-Heliar-Kamera.<ref>The 'Voigtlander" Stereo-Panoramic Camera. ''British Journal Photographic Almanac'' 1907, pp. 904-905.</ref> From the start Voigtländer offered two versions of the camera, the Standard model which was covered with black leather, and a Tropical model (the 'Metall-Streo-Kamera'), where the outside of the metal housing was textured and covered with black bake enamelled paint.<ref>Sold with RMk 5 premium: Voigtländer Katalog 1907, p. 29 ¶¶</ref>
 
−
 
 
−
====Alpin Stereo, two-lens version 1909-1914====
 
−
<!--                                                                                                                                                                                        -->
 
−
<!--  xxxx  DO NO CHANGE THE LAYOUT OF THE CODE BELOW (so that additional price points can be readily inserted) xxxx -->
 
−
<!--                                                                                                                                                                                        -->
 
−
The first version of the Stereo Alpine became available in 1911 and was offered until the end of production in 1928.<ref>No longer included in the 1930 catalogue ('''Sein Stolz, eine Voigtländer''.'  Nr 2308/430. Braunschweig: Voigtländer & Sohn.</ref> It came in two versions, the pure stereo with dual lens and shutters<ref>Documented Price Points:
 
−
UNITED KINGDOM
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]]''' f/5.5 6inch in Compound
 
−
          1910–£21/10;
 
−
          1914–£19/5;
 
−
          Sources: 1910–''Voigtländer Catalogue'' 1910, p. 88; also: ''British Journal Photographic Almanac'' 1910, p. 1069;
 
−
            1914–''British Journal Almanac'' 1914, p. 1119
 
−
</ref>
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
The body of the stereo camera was the same as that of the 10 x 15 format camera, with the exception that the stereo camera had a light-tight partition to allow for two exposures (removable in the case of the three-lens version).
 
−
===== Lens Options=====
 
−
Two [[Collinear]] f/6.3 105mm in Stereo Compur shutter for the stereo option.
 
−
 
 
−
====Alpin Stereo, three-lens version 1909-1914====
 
−
Voigtländer introduced a new version of the Alpine Stereo, a three-lens version that allowed to take both stereo and, via a centrally placed lens, also panorama images The body of the stereo camera was the same as that of the 10 x 15 format camera, with the exception that the stereo camera had a light-tight partition to allow for two exposures, which was removable for panorama shost.<ref>Documented Price Points:
 
−
UNITED KINGDOM
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]]''' f/5.5 6inch in Compound
 
−
          1910–£29/10;
 
−
          1914–£25/5;
 
−
          Sources: 1910–''Voigtländer Catalogue'' 1910, p. 88; also: ''British Journal Photographic Almanac'' 1910, p. 1069;
 
−
            1914–''British Journal Almanac'' 1914, p. 1119;
 
−
</ref>
 
−
 
 
−
===== Lens Options=====
 
−
Two [[Collinear]] f/6.3 105mm in Stereo Compound  shutter for the stereo option and a centrally located [[Collinear]] III f/6.8 150mm for the Panorama option.
 
−
 
 
−
{|class=floatright
 
−
|
 
−
{{Flickr_image
 
−
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/8107394900/in/pool-camerawiki/
 
−
|image= http://farm5.static.flickr.com/8184/8107394900_447dace51a_n.jpg
 
−
|image_align= right
 
−
|image_text= 1915 model of the Stereo Alpin 10x15  <br>three-lens  version with [[Kollinear]] III f/6.8 150mm<ref>''Catalog of Lenses, Cameras Binoculars and  Opera Glasses 1915-1916''. Voigtlander & Sohn 240-258 E. Ontario St., Chicado, Ill. and 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, p.39.</ref>
 
−
|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 
−
|image_rights= with permission
 
−
}}
 
−
|}
 
−
 
 
−
====Alpin Stereo three-lens version 1915–====
 
−
<!--                                                                                                                                                                                        -->
 
−
<!--  xxxx  DO NO CHANGE THE LAYOUT OF THE CODE BELOW (so that additional price points can be readily inserted) xxxx -->
 
−
<!--                                                                                                                                                                                        -->
 
−
In 1915 Voigtländer introduced a new three-lens version of the Alpine Stereo, and seems to have abandoned the sales of the pure stereo version.<ref>Documented Price Points:
 
−
UNITED STATES
 
−
    '''[[Collinear]]''' f/5.5 6inch in Compur
 
−
          1915-$165;
 
−
        Sources: 1915–''Catalog of Lenses, Cameras Binoculars and  Opera Glasses 1915-1916''. Voigtlander & Sohn 240-258 E. Ontario St., Chicado, Ill. and 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, p.39.
 
−
</ref>
 
−
===== Lens Options=====
 
−
Two [[Collinear]] f/6.3 105mm for the stereo option and a centrally located [[Collinear]] III f/6.8 150mm for the Panorama option set in a triple-action Compound shutter.<ref>
 
−
[http://www.icollector.com/Voigtlnder-Alpin-Stereo-um-1911_i178262 Auktion Team Köln April 2002 Lot 831].—
 
−
[[Collinear]] f/6.3 105mm (sn 112812 & 112813) [[Collinear]] III f/6.8 150mm (sn 112814) Westlicht  13, June 2008, Lot 498.—
 
−
</ref>
 
−
 
 
−
The 1915 version of the 10 x 15 Alpin saw the introduction of an additional  focussing wheel on the photographer's left.<ref>Illustration in ''Catalog of Lenses, Cameras Binoculars and Opera Glasses 1915-1916''. Voigtlander & Sohn 240-258 E. Ontario St., Chicado, Ill. and 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, p.38.</ref>
 
−
 
 
−
{{br}}
 
−
 
 
−
==Advertisements==
 
−
 
 
−
===Advertisements in Newspapers and Professional Journals===
 
−
{|class=plainlinks align=center
 
−
|| {{Flickr_image
 
−
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/8133965888/in/pool-camerawiki
 
−
|image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/8189/8133965888_c8da6e74e2_n.jpg
 
−
|scan_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 
−
|image_rights= pd
 
−
  }}
 
−
||&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
−
|| {{Flickr_image
 
−
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/captainspaulding/4349802504/in/pool-camerawiki
 
−
|image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/4019/4349802504_b68a9da64c_n.jpg
 
−
|scan_by= Captain Geoffrey Spaulding
 
−
|image_rights= pd
 
−
}}
 
−
||&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
−
|| {{Flickr_image
 
−
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/89864432@N00/1491381779/in/pool-camerawiki/
 
−
|image= http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2256/1491381779_a7100247e9_n.jpg
 
−
|scan_by= Uwe Kulick
 
−
|image_rights= pd
 
−
}}
 
−
|-
 
−
| align= center|'''1906:''' 9x12 model with [[Bausch & Lomb]] [[Automat]] shutter <br><small>(U.K. Advertisement 1906)</small>{{public domain 1923}}
 
−
||
 
−
| align= center|'''1908:''' 9x12 model with [[Koilos]] shutter <br><small>(U.S. Advertisement 1908)</small>{{public domain 1923}}
 
−
||
 
−
|align= center|'''1911:''' 10 x15 model  with [[Compound]] shutter <br><small>(German Advertisement 1911) </small>{{public domain 1923}}
 
−
|}
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
{|class=plainlinks align=center
 
−
|| {{Flickr_image
 
−
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/8104943285/in/pool-camerawiki
 
−
|image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/8332/8104943285_be7b92525f.jpg
 
−
}}
 
−
||&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
−
|| {{Flickr_image
 
−
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/8104942947/in/pool-camerawiki/
 
−
|image= http://farm3.static.flickr.com/8185/8104942947_f9125b5080.jpg
 
−
}}
 
−
 
 
−
|-
 
−
|colspan=3 align="center"|
 
−
{{Flickr_image_caption
 
−
|image_text= British Journal Photographic Almanac 1910, p.1068-69
 
−
|scan_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 
−
|image_rights= pd
 
−
}}
 
−
|}
 
−
 
 
−
===Advertising Signs===
 
−
 
 
−
==Notes and References==
 
 
<references />
 
<references />
  
 +
====Bibliography====
 +
Машиностроение (1968) Каталог "Любительская фотокиноаппаратура" (Katalog Photokinoapparatura) Moscow: Машиностроение pp. 232–234
  
−
 
+
====Links====
−
[[Category:1906-1910]]
+
*[http://www.zenitcamera.com/archive/lenses/helios-44.html  KMZ Original description and technical specifications of the Helios 44].
−
[[Category:German 9x12 folding]]
+
*[http://www.photohistory.ru/ Photohistory  of the Helios 44]
−
[[Category:German 10x15 folding]]
 
−
[[Category:Voigtländer|Alpin]]
 
−
[[Category:A]]
 
−
[[Category:Topography]]
 

Latest revision as of 12:40, 12 September 2015

Helios 44

20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
Lens schematic of the Helios-44 f/2 58mm
image by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)


Helios-44 (Гелиос-44) is a series of standard lenses for SLR cameras, produced from 1949? until 1992 (2001?) in the Soviet Union by KMZ, MMZ, and by Valdai. The Helios-44 is it is considered to be one of most mass-produced lenses in the world. The lens is based on the Carl Zeiss Biotar f/2 58mm design.[1] The Helios-44 f/2 58mm is a 6-element anastigmat, which over the duration of its production was available in both single-coated and multi-coated versions. Helios-44 is has a strong aberration at the margins, resulting in a characteristic 'swirl' which is reminiscent of Petzval lenses.

The nomenclature of all bar the first (silver-cased) Helios lenses follows the formula 'Helios-44X-N', where X -is the index of lens mount (M for M42 thread, K for Pentax K bayonet, Д for Zenit-D bayonet) and N is a optical resolution index 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (the higher number the higher is an optical resolution of lens).


Technical Specifications

Focal Distance: 58mm (may vary in reality).
Aperture Range: ƒ/2 - ƒ/16 (ƒ/22)
Optical Formula: 6 elements in 4 groups.
Angle of View: 40°28
Geometric Vignetting: 58%



The arrangement of the focussing helicoid as well as the aperture selector ring differs between models. In the table below, the arrow ← indicates the direction the aperture control ring needs to be turned to increase the ƒ-stops.



Model

Maker		 Lens
Mount

Weight		 Number of
Aperture
Blades		 Minimum
Focusing
Distance
Maximum
Aperture
Filter
Diameter		 Resolution
center/edge
lines/mm
Trans-
mittance
Color
Formula
Sequence
(from lens face)

References
Helios-44 (Start) KMZ Start 230g 13 0.7m ƒ/16 M40.5x0.5 35/14 .81 10-0-1.5 focus, ƒ←
Helios-44 KMZ LTM 230g 13 0.5m ƒ/22
ƒ/16		 M49.5x0.75 35/14 ƒ→ , DoF, focus [2]
KMZ Arri PL 230g 13 0.5m ƒ/22
ƒ/16		 M49.5x0.75 ƒ→ , DoF, focus
KMZ LTM 230g 8 0.5m ƒ/22
ƒ/16		 M49.5x0.75 ƒ→ , DoF, focus
MMZ LTM ¶g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 M49x0.75 ƒ→ , focus [3]
Helios-44-2 KMZ M42 230g 13 0.5m ƒ/16 M49x0.75 38/20 0.82 10-0-1.5 ƒ→ , focus [4]
Helios-44-7 KMZ M42 350g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 M49x0.75 36/17 0.80 10-0-1.5
Helios-44-M KMZ M42 ¶g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 focus, ƒ→
Helios-44M-3 KMZ M42 300g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 38/19 0.80 10-0-1.5 ƒ→ , focus
Helios-44M-4 KMZ M42 300g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 38/19 0.80 10-0-1.5 focus, ƒ→
Helios-44-N KMZ M42 ¶g 8 0.5m ƒ/16
Helios-44X-N KMZ M42 ¶g 6 0.5m ƒ/16 M52x0.75
MC Helios-44K-4 KMZ Pentax K 300g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 42/21 0.85 11-0-0 focus, ƒ→
MC Helios-44M-3 KMZ M42 300g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 0.85 11-0-0 ƒ→ , focus
MC Helios-44M-4 KMZ M42 300g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 41/20 0.85 11-0-0
MC Helios-44M-5 KMZ M42 270g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 41/20 0.85 11-0-0 focus, ƒ→
MC Helios-44M-6 KMZ M42 270g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 45/25 0.90 11-0-0 focus, ƒ→
MC Helios-44M-7 KMZ M42 270g 6 0.5m ƒ/16 M52x0.75 50/30 0.90 11-0-0 focus, ƒ→

Typology of the silver-barrelled Helios-44 lenses (early versions)

20622183195_3fca4835a3_n.jpg
Lens schematic of the Helios-44 f/2 58mm
image by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)

The early Helios lenses are housed in aluminium barrels. Reputedly, the serial numbers of the early Helios lenses are structured according to the following pattern:[5]
000xxxx factory test (study) models, prototypes etc..
00xxxxx models reserved for members of the communist party and other "VIPs" .
0xxxxxx reserved for factory syndicat leaders. All lenses with a '0', '00' and '000' prefix reputedly underwent higher quality control.

Additional variations exist in the representation of the serial number prefixes. Observed have been N and Nº, whereby the 'N" appears on some of the earlier models.

Helios 44 (Start)

Mechanically, the Helios lens for the Start SLR differs from all other Helios-44 lenses inasmuch as the focussing ring is up front and the aperture selector at the rear. Moreover, the lens for the Start lacks the preset function of the other early models. Aperture selection with f-stops increasing in clockwise motion.

  • Type 1— f-stops to f/22; bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (Π) in red, silver front bezel ring. Released 1958.[6]
  • Type 2— f-stops to f/16; bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by KMZ [7]
Helios-44 (LTM)

Pre-set prime lens. The fixed lens stops have with audible clicks, while the stop-down ring (to check the depth of field) allows for a smooth contraction of the diaphragm. Aperture selection with f-stops increasing in counter-clockwise motion (differs from the Helios version used on the Start)..

  • Type 1—pre-set lens with f-stops to f/22; bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (Π) in red, silver front bezel ring, sn 000xxxx–0017xxx. Initially used for the KMZ Kristall released in 1961 and the KMZ Zenit 3M.
  • Type 2— pre-set lens with f-stops to f/16
Type 2a—bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (Π) in red, and a silver front bezel ring, sn 0016xxx [8]
Type 2b—bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by KMZ
Type 2bi— Cyrillic labelling, ring, sn 0073xxx– [9]
Type 2bii—Latin labelling
Type 2biii—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. [10]
Type 2c—bezel text "2/58" and 'black' front bezel ring, 13-blade diaphragm produced by KMZ until the late 1950s, sn –0225xxx
Type 2ci— Cyrillic labelling[11]
Type 2cii—Latin labelling [12]
Type 2ciii—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. [13]
Type 2d—bezel text "2/58" and 'black' front bezel ring, 8-blade diaphragm, produced by KMZ until the late 1950s, sn 024447x–
Type 2di—Cyrillc labelling, [14]
Type 2di—Cyrillc labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. [15]
Type 2diIi—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. [16]
Type 2e—bezel text "2/58" and black front bezel ring, 8-blade diaphragm, produced by MMZ until the mid 1960s[17]
Type 2ei— Cyrillic labelling, sn 50xxxxx–60xxxxx [18]
Type 2eii— Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR,' sn 50xxxxx–60xxxxx [19]
Helios-44-2 (M42)
Type 1— pre-set lens with bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by Valdai
Type 1a— Cyrillic labelling[20]
Type 1b— Latin labelling [21]
Type 2— pre-set lens with bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by MMZ [22]


20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
19994020694_8fcaa82d90_n.jpg
20623213781_c08b944446_n.jpg

KMZ-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm for Start SLR
images by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)


20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
19994020694_8fcaa82d90_n.jpg
20623213781_c08b944446_n.jpg

KMZ-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm Type 2cii
images by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)


20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
Lens Bezel Type ¶¶¶
19994020694_8fcaa82d90_n.jpg
Lens Bezel Type ¶¶¶
20451767028_98f84a5c7b_n.jpg
Lens Bezel Type 2cii
image by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)

Lens Bezel inscriptions of KMZ-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm


Sample Images

20606641325_a2c6f4d60e_n.jpg
'Pink on Grey'
20128647773_ebf22d02ec_n.jpg
'E'
20127285274_2052eff246_n.jpg
Gum Nuts

Sample images taken with a Helios-44 Type Type 2cii mounted on a Nikon D800
images by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)

Notes

  1. ↑ At the beginning the lens was to be called "БТК" - "БиоТар Красногорский" (BioTar Krasnogorski).
  2. ↑ For photo series see discussion thread for this image
  3. ↑ Seen on eBay sn/6012651, English labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'.
  4. ↑ Manufactured from 1971 by KMZ and MMZ, in 1974 production moved to Jupiter Optics Valdai, in 1982/83 production moved back to to MMZ
  5. ↑ | A Word about Russian Serial Numbers
  6. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/ 0005085 (with Start body #5904339); 0005292 (with Start body #6317417); 0014131; 0014167 (with Start body #6100790); 0016442
  7. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/ 0043802 (with Start body #6388722); 0051838 0052784 (with Start body #6120968); 0057844 (with Start body #6112545); 0063978 (with Start body #6114645); 0060810 (with Start body #6114785); 0069922; 0075924 (with Start body #6119536); 0101830 (with Start body #6315633); 0121214 (with Start body #6226892);
  8. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0016709; 0018687, 0023907
  9. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0068221; 0059418; 0158550; 0275085
  10. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0120173
  11. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0030453, 0127713
  12. ↑ Photographica Collection Dirk HR Spennemann sn/0085902; 0205436
  13. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0120173
  14. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/02887790
  15. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0275083
  16. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0254198, 0275083
  17. ↑ MMZ lenses with serial numbers beginning with "N40xxx", "N50xxx" or "N60xxx" were most likely made in 1964, 1965 and 1966 (first number of sn very likely stands for the year of 196x decade).
  18. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/5011275 ; 5014399; 5038818
  19. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/6002494 (on Zenit3M); 6012651, 6024306.
  20. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/8708916
  21. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/79220381; 80003408; 81276436; 81293022
  22. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/7654512.

Bibliography

Машиностроение (1968) Каталог "Любительская фотокиноаппаратура" (Katalog Photokinoapparatura) Moscow: Машиностроение pp. 232–234

Links

Retrieved from "http://camera-wiki.org/index.php?title=User:Heritagefutures/WorkSpace3&oldid=167730"