Difference between revisions of "User:Heritagefutures/WorkSpace3"

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{{WIP}}
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==Helios 44 ==
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{{Flickr_image
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| image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20429889789/in/pool-camerawiki
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|image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/689/20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
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|image_align = right
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|image_text= Lens schematic of the Helios-44 f/2 58mm
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|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
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|image_rights= with permission
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[[Helios]]-44 (Гелиос-44) is a series of standard lenses for SLR cameras, produced from 1949? until 1992 (2001?) in the Soviet Union by [[KMZ]], [[MMZ]], and by [[Valdai]]. The Helios-44 is it is considered to be one of most mass-produced lenses in the world. The lens is based on the [[Carl Zeiss]]  Biotar f/2 58mm design.<ref>At the beginning the lens was to be called "БТК" - "БиоТар Красногорский" (BioTar Krasnogorski).</ref> The Helios-44 f/2 58mm is a  6-element anastigmat, which over the duration of its production  was available in both single-coated and multi-coated versions. Helios-44 is has a strong aberration at the margins, resulting in a characteristic 'swirl' which is reminiscent of [[Petzval]] lenses.
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{{Flickr_image
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|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/wboisen/5034923691/in/pool-camerawiki/
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The nomenclature of all bar the first (silver-cased) Helios lenses follows the formula 'Helios-44X-N',  where X -is the index of lens mount (M for [[M42]] thread, K for [[K mount | Pentax K]] bayonet, Д for [[Zenit]]-D bayonet) and N is a optical resolution index 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (the higher number the higher is an optical resolution of lens).
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|image= http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4129/5034923691_9238980ab9.jpg
 
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|image_align= right
 
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|image_text= Alpin 9x12cm with [[Kollinear]] III f/6.8 132mm
 
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|image_by= willboy2010
 
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|image_rights= with permission
 
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}}
 
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|}
 
  
  
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The  '''Alpin'''<ref> Spelled 'Alpine' in U.S. advertisements</ref> are horizontal [[folding bed camera| folding bed plate cameras]] made by [[Voigtländer]] (Braunschweig/Germany) from 1907 to 1928.<ref>Still listed in  Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch.</i> St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 124-125.—No longer included in the 1930 Voigtländer catalogue ('''Sein Stolz, eine Voigtländer''.'  Nr 2308/430. Braunschweig: Voigtländer & Sohn.—See also overview page [http://www.ukcamera.com/classic_cameras/voigt21.htm Alpin] at ukcamera.</ref>
 
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Conceptually, the ''Alpin'' is a further development of the Metall-Heliar-Kamera, a 180mm horizontal folding bed plate camera with a cast aluminium body and fitted with a focal plane shutter (introduced in 1903 and built until 1920).<ref>[http://www.schoebels-voigtlaender-archiv.de/Bild0203.html Metall-Heliar-Kamera]</ref>
 
  
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Common to all Alpin cameras is a cast aluminium body with a heavy folding bed and a single focussing wheel at the photographer's right.
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====Technical Specifications====
  
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The cameras had double and later triple extension bellows. A ''Teletubus'' with 2½× magnification could be mounted inside the unfolded camera. Tourists liked the camera because it was quite compact when folded; provided a horizontal format suitable for landscapes and group photographs;  and it was made of light metal. It was produced in two plate sizes (9x12 and 10x15, the latter for panorama and stereo imagery) and offered in a wide variety of lens combinations.
 
  
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The design of the [[Voigtländer]] Alpin influenced other camera manufacturers to create similar cameras. A close copy of the second version is [[Konica | Rokuoh Sha's]]'  [[Neat Lily| horizontal Lily ]]  which was offered from 1916 to 1930. Similar developments are the [[Bentzin]] Rechteck Primar (10 x 15 stereo, ~1912), the [[Ica]] Toska ( 9x12 and 10 x 15 panorama & stereo, 1914), the [[Ihagee Venus]]  (9x12, 1916), the [[Orionwerk | Orion]] Rio 44C (9x12, 1921),  the  [[Rietzschel]] [[Ninon]] ( 9x12, 1925), the  [[Zeiss-Ikon]] Universal Juwel (model 275/7 9X12, 19¶¶);, and the [[Laack]] ¶¶ (9x12 and stereo).
 
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see also this so far unidentified French horizontal folding bed camera (mine):  
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Focal Distance: 58mm (may vary in reality).<br>
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  possibly a German body (note the focussing wheel INSIDE the front plate (like on the Metall-Heliar-Kamera (which has TWO wheels)
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Aperture Range: ƒ/2 - ƒ/16 (ƒ/22)<br>
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  has French-supplied Berthiot Special 105mm f/4.5 (sn # 502651) in  Gitzo 2R  shutter (1950s?)
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Optical Formula: 6 elements in 4 groups.<br>
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  http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/5464782666/
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Angle of View: 40°28<br>
 +
Geometric Vignetting: 58%
  
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==9x12 format==
 
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The rectangular front standard of the camera has a flat upper and lower margin and allows for rise and fall as well as lateral movements.
 
  
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The camera has two tripod sockets, one on the base and one on the left hand side of the camera.
 
  
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DISCUSS spelling [[Kollinear]] vs [[Collinear]]
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{{br}}
  
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  Find these refs: In the NLA under S 770.5 BRI off-site storage
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The arrangement of the focussing helicoid as well as the aperture selector ring differs between models. In the table below, the arrow &#8592; indicates the direction the aperture control ring needs to be turned to increase the ƒ-stops.
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  British Journal Photographic Almanac 1906, p. 1370B;  
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  British Journal Photographic Almanac 1907, pp. 904, 1347;  
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{| border="1" cellpadding="4" style="margin: 0.5em 2em; text-align: center; border-collapse: collapse;" |
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  British Journal Photographic Almanac 1909, p. 1119;  
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! <br><br>Model || <br><br>Maker || Lens <br> Mount || <br><br>Weight || Number of <br>Aperture <br>Blades || Minimum <br>Focusing <br>Distance || <br>Maximum <br>Aperture ||<br> Filter <br>Diameter || Resolution <br> center/edge <br> lines/mm || <br>Trans-<br>mittance || <br>Color <br>Formula || <br>Sequence<br> (from lens face) || <br><br>References
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  British Journal Photographic Almanac 1912, p. 1076;  
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|-
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  British Journal Photographic Almanac 1913, pp. 740, 1098;  
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| Helios-44 (Start) || [[KMZ]] || [[Start (SLR) | Start]] || 230g || 13 || 0.7m || ƒ/16 || M40.5x0.5|| 35/14 || .81 || 10-0-1.5|| focus, ƒ&#8592; ||
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  British Journal Photographic Almanac 1925, p. 746.
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|-
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| Helios-44 || [[KMZ]] || [[ LTM]] || 230g || 13 || 0.5m || ƒ/22 <br> ƒ/16 || M49.5x0.75 || 35/14 || || || ƒ&#8594; , DoF, focus||<ref> For photo series see discussion thread [https://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/19959251503/ for this image]</ref>
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|-
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| || [[KMZ]] || [[ Arri PL]] || 230g || 13 || 0.5m || ƒ/22 <br> ƒ/16 || M49.5x0.75 || || || ||ƒ&#8594; , DoF, focus ||
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|-
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| || [[KMZ]] || [[ LTM]] || 230g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/22 <br> ƒ/16 || M49.5x0.75 || || || ||ƒ&#8594; , DoF, focus ||
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|-
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| || [[MMZ]] || [[LTM]] || ¶g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || M49x0.75|| || || ||ƒ&#8594; , focus ||<ref>Seen on eBay sn/6012651, English labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'.</ref>
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|-
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| Helios-44-2 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 230g || 13 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || M49x0.75 || 38/20 || 0.82 || 10-0-1.5 || ƒ&#8594; , focus|| <ref> Manufactured from 1971 by [[KMZ]] and [[MMZ]], in 1974 production moved to Jupiter Optics [[Valdai]], in 1982/83 production moved back to to [[MMZ]]</ref>
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|-
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| Helios-44-7 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 350g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || M49x0.75 || 36/17 || 0.80 || 10-0-1.5 || ||
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|-
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| Helios-44-M || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || ¶g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || || || || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
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|-
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| Helios-44M-3 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 300g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 38/19 || 0.80 || 10-0-1.5 || ƒ&#8594; , focus||
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|-
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| Helios-44M-4 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 300g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 38/19 || 0.80 || 10-0-1.5 || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
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|-
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| Helios-44-N || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || ¶g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || || || || ||
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|-
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| Helios-44X-N || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || ¶g || 6 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || M52x0.75 || || || || ||
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|-
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| MC Helios-44K-4 ||[[KMZ]] || [[K-mount | Pentax K]] || 300g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 42/21 || 0.85 || 11-0-0 || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
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|-
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| MC Helios-44M-3 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 300g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || || 0.85 || 11-0-0 || ƒ&#8594; , focus||
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|-
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| MC Helios-44M-4 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 300g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 41/20 || 0.85 || 11-0-0 || ||
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|-
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| MC Helios-44M-5 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 270g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 41/20 || 0.85 || 11-0-0 || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
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|-
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| MC Helios-44M-6 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 270g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 45/25 || 0.90 || 11-0-0 || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
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|-
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| MC Helios-44M-7 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 270g || 6 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || M52x0.75 || 50/30 || 0.90 || 11-0-0 || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
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|}
  
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  Müller, Klaus-D.  (XXXX) ''Voigtländer & Sohn  Optische Anstalt Braunschweig. Objektive und Apparate 1840 - 1939''. Photographica Bibliothek vol. 3, p. 186, 187, 249
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====Typology of the silver-barrelled Helios-44 lenses (early versions)====
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  The Camera vol. 18, p. 753
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{{Flickr_image
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|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20622183195
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|image= http://farm6.staticflickr.com/5631/20622183195_3fca4835a3_n.jpg
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|image_align= right
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|image_text= Lens schematic of the Helios-44 f/2 58mm
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|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
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|image_rights= with permission
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}}
  
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===Version 1, 1905-07===
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The early Helios lenses are housed in aluminium barrels. Reputedly, the serial numbers of the early Helios lenses are structured according to the following pattern:<ref>[http://forum.mflenses.com/a-word-about-russian-serial-numbers-t3332.html | A Word about Russian Serial Numbers]</ref><br>
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start date 1905 or 1906?
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000xxxx factory test (study) models, prototypes etc..<br>
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This model has a pop-up [[Viewfinder#Newton finder|Newton finder]] at the top left, which, when folded down, is fully inside the casing.<ref>Similar design on this  [http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/5464782666/ unnamed camera with a French lens and shutter combination].</ref> The finder frame is quadrangular with a thin cross-hair etched in. There appears to be no aiming device at the rear of the camera.
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00xxxxx models reserved for members of the communist party and other "VIPs" .<br>
 +
0xxxxxx reserved for factory syndicat leaders.
 +
All lenses with a '0', '00' and '000' prefix reputedly underwent higher quality control.
  
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Normal extension only ?
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Additional variations exist in the representation of the serial number prefixes. Observed have been <b>N</b> and <b>N&#186;</b>, whereby the 'N" appears on some of the earlier models.
 +
=====Helios 44 (Start)=====
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Mechanically, the Helios lens for the [[Start]] SLR differs from all other Helios-44 lenses inasmuch as the focussing ring is up front and the aperture selector at the rear. Moreover, the lens for the Start lacks the preset function of the other early models. Aperture selection with f-stops increasing in clockwise motion.
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*<b>Type 1</b>— f-stops to f/22; bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (<font color="red">Π</font>) in red, silver front bezel ring. Released 1958.<ref>Seen on eBay: sn/
 +
0005085 (with Start body #5904339); 
 +
0005292 (with Start body #6317417); 
 +
0014131; 
 +
0014167 (with Start body #6100790); 
 +
0016442 </ref>
  
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  comment that the inside of the folding bed is exposed metal and ornamented with a pattern
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*<b>Type 2</b>— f-stops to f/16; bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by [[KMZ]] <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/
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0043802 (with Start body #6388722);
 +
0051838
 +
0052784 (with Start body #6120968);
 +
0057844 (with Start body #6112545); 
 +
0063978 (with Start body #6114645); 
 +
0060810 (with Start body #6114785);
 +
0069922;
 +
0075924 (with Start body #6119536); 
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0101830 (with Start body #6315633);
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0121214 (with Start body #6226892);
 +
</ref>
  
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The first version introduced in 1905  carried the name of the camera between (German-style) quotation marks („Alpin”) at the top left of the front standard, and the name and place of the manufacturer at the top right as a two-line inscription  (Voigtländer, | Braunschweig).
+
=====Helios-44  ([[LTM]])=====
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Pre-set prime lens. The fixed lens stops have with audible clicks, while the stop-down ring (to check the depth of field) allows for a smooth contraction of the diaphragm. Aperture selection with f-stops increasing in counter-clockwise motion (differs from the Helios version used on the Start)..
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*<b>Type 1</b>—pre-set lens with f-stops to f/22; bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (<font color="red">Π</font>) in red, silver front bezel ring, sn 000xxxx–0017xxx. Initially used for the [[KMZ]][[Kristall_(KMZ) | Kristall]] released in 1961 and the [[KMZ]] [[Zenit 3M]].
 +
*<b>Type 2</b>— pre-set lens with f-stops to f/16
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:''Type 2a''—bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (<font color="red">Π</font>) in red, and a silver front bezel ring, sn 0016xxx <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0016709; 0018687, 0023907</ref>
  
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From the start Voigtländer offered two versions of the camera, the Standard model which was covered with black leather, and a Tropical model (the 'Metall-Alpin-Kamera'), where the outside of the metal housing was textured and covered with black bake enamelled paint.<ref>Sold with RMk 5 premium: Voigtländer Katalog 1907, p. 29 ¶¶</ref>  
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:''Type 2b''—bezel text "2/58"  and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by [[KMZ]]
 +
::Type 2bi— Cyrillic labelling, ring, sn 0073xxx– <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0068221; 0059418; 0158550; 0275085 </ref>
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::Type 2bii—Latin labelling
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::Type 2biii—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0120173 </ref>
  
 +
:''Type 2c''—bezel text "2/58"  and  'black' front bezel ring, 13-blade diaphragm produced by [[KMZ]] until the late 1950s, sn –0225xxx
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::Type 2ci— Cyrillic labelling<ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0030453, 0127713</ref>
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::Type 2cii—Latin labelling <ref>Photographica Collection Dirk HR Spennemann sn/0085902; 0205436</ref>
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::Type 2ciii—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. <ref > Seen on eBay: sn/0120173 </ref>
  
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&#8222;Alpin&#8221;  normal script and Voigtländer | Braunschweig normal script 
+
:''Type 2d''—bezel text "2/58"  and  'black' front bezel ring,  8-blade diaphragm, produced by [[KMZ]] until the late 1950s, sn 024447x–
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    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.8 12cm    (sn 83546) in Koilos    lens date:1906  [http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845605220/ Kazutaka Tsutsui on Flickr]; see also [http://www.h3.dion.ne.jp/~bergheil/ClassicCameras/alpin01.html Alpin]
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::Type 2di—Cyrillc labelling, <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/02887790 </ref>
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    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.8 12cm              in Koilos                    [http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/1715165 Breker March 2006, Lot 122]
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::Type 2di—Cyrillc labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0275083</ref>
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    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.3 12cm              in Compound                  [http://camerascollection.blogspot.com.au/2011/03/voigtlander-alpin.html camerascollection.blogspot]
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::Type 2diIi—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0254198, 0275083</ref>
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    Voigtländer Cooke Linse    (sn 90101) in Koilos    lens date:1907  [http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/888527 Breker April 2005 Lot 231] (red bellows)
 
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{{Flickr_image
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:''Type 2e''—bezel text "2/58" and black front bezel ring, 8-blade diaphragm, produced by [[MMZ]] until the mid 1960s<ref>[[MMZ]] lenses with serial numbers beginning with "N40xxx", "N50xxx" or "N60xxx" were most likely made in 1964, 1965 and 1966 (first number of sn very likely stands for the year of 196x decade).</ref>
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|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845605220/in/pool-camerawiki
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::Type 2ei— Cyrillic labelling, sn 50xxxxx–60xxxxx <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/5011275 ; 5014399; 5038818</ref>
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  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/3261/5845605220_2c2e9b3bc5_n.jpg
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::Type 2eii— Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR,' sn 50xxxxx–60xxxxx <ref >Seen on eBay: sn/6002494 (on [[Zenit]]3M); 6012651, 6024306.</ref>
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  |image_align= right
 
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|image_text= [[Collinear]] III, 12cm  f/6.8 in [[Koilos]] shutter
 
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  |image_by= Kazutaka Tsutsui
 
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|image_rights= with permission
 
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}}
 
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====Lens options====
 
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The first version of the Alpin was offered with three focal lengths, 120mm, 135mm and 150mm, all set in either [[Bausch & Lomb]] [[Automat]], [[Compound]] or [[Koilos]] shutters:
 
  
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'''120mm'''
+
=====Helios-44-2 ([[M42]])=====
−
* [[Collinear]] f/6.3 120mm
+
:<b>Type 1</b>— pre-set lens with bezel text "2/58"  and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by [[Valdai]]  
−
* Dynar f/5.5 120mm
+
::Type 1a— Cyrillic labelling<ref> Seen on eBay: sn/8708916</ref>
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* Triple Anastigmat f/7 120mm
+
::Type 1b— Latin labelling <ref> Seen on eBay: sn/79220381; 80003408; 81276436; 81293022</ref>
−
'''135mm'''
 
−
* [[Collinear]] f/6.3 135mm
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 135mm
 
−
* Triple Anastigmat f/7 135mm
 
−
**in [[Koilos]] shutter<ref>Seen in a Polish on-line auction July 2009.</ref>
 
−
'''150mm'''
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 150mm 
 
−
* Triple Anastigmat f/7 150mm
 
  
 +
:<b>Type 2</b>— pre-set lens with bezel text "2/58"  and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by [[MMZ]] <ref> Seen on eBay: sn/7654512.</ref>
  
  
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{{Flickr_image_caption
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|image_text= [[KMZ]]-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm for [[Start]] SLR
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|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
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|image_rights= with permission
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  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/2578/5845610436_5096e8d0dd_n.jpg
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  |image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/695/19994020694_8fcaa82d90_n.jpg
 
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  }}
 
  }}
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|| {{Flickr_image
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  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/581/20623213781/in/pool-camerawiki
−
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845609758/in/pool-camerawiki
+
  |image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/581/20623213781_c08b944446_n.jpg
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  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5073/5845609758_2c2352056b_n.jpg
 
 
  |image_align= center
 
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  }}
 
  }}
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|-
+
|-
 
  |colspan=3 align="center"|
 
  |colspan=3 align="center"|
 
{{Flickr_image_caption
 
{{Flickr_image_caption
−
  |image_text= Voigtländer Alpin 9 x 12cm (version 1) with Collinear III, 12cm  f/6.8
+
  |image_text= [[KMZ]]-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm Type 2cii
−
  |image_by= Kazutaka Tsutsui
+
  |image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 
  |image_rights= with permission
 
  |image_rights= with permission
 
}}  
 
}}  
 
|}
 
|}
−
 
−
{{WIP}}
 
−
 
−
===Version 2, 1908-28===
 
−
The new Alpin was first advertised in the German press in 1909
 
−
 
−
The camera has a fold-up [[Viewfinder#Newton finder|Newton finder]] at the top left, which, when folded down, remains external, but is flush with the casing. The top of the finder frame has an apex, while the glass has  red cross-hairs etched in. The leather hand strap, with an embossed 'Voigtländer' name tag, is at the right hand side of the body. The fold-out cover for the focussing screen is embossed „Alpin”.  The catch for the front door is released by pressing a button on the top plate.<ref>Unlike many other cameras this button is exposed rather then covered by the leather.</ref> The second extension is moved via a large focussing wheel at the right fore edge of the fold-down front door. This model was produced until 1928.<ref>No longer included in the 1930 catalogue ('''Sein Stolz, eine Voigtländer''.'  Nr 2308/430. Braunschweig: Voigtländer & Sohn.</ref>
 
−
 
−
====Sales History====
 
−
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−
Based on available catalogues and advertisements in journals and newspapers, the ''Alpin''  was formally distributed in Germany,<ref>Documented price points in Germany:
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] f/6.3 12cm:''' in Koilos
 
−
      1912–RMk 230;
 
−
  '''Dynar f/5.5 135mm:''' in Koilos
 
−
      1912–RMk 205;
 
−
      Sources: 1912—Newspaper advertisement (on web, no further bibliographic data).
 
−
</ref> Austria, Switzerland,<ref>Documented price points in Switzerland:
 
−
  '''[[Kollinear]] III f/6.8 132mm:''' in Compur
 
−
      1927–CHF 276
 
−
  '''Dynar f/5.5 135mm:''' in Compur
 
−
        1927–CHF 264
 
−
  '''[[Heliar]] f/4.5 135mm:''' in Compur
 
−
        1927–CHF 294
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] Satzanastigmat''' with 6 different focal lengths f/7 to f/12.5
 
−
        1927–CHF 366
 
−
  Sources: 1927–Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch.</i> St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 124.
 
−
</ref> the United Kingdom,<ref>Documented price points in the United Kingdom:
 
−
  '''Dynar f/5.5 4&frac34;inch''' [=12cm] in Compound
 
−
          1910–£10/5;
 
−
          1914–£10/5; 
 
−
  '''Dynar f/5.5 5 3/8inch''' [=13.5cm] in Compound
 
−
          1910–£10/15;
 
−
          1914–£10/15; 
 
−
  '''Dynar f/5.5 15cm'''  in Compound
 
−
          1910–£11/5
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] f/6.3 4&frac34;inch''' [=12cm] in Compound
 
−
          1910–£11/14;
 
−
          1914–£11/10; 
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] f/6.3 12cm:''' in Koilos
 
−
          1910–£11/14;
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] f/6.3 5&frac14;inch''' [=13.5cm] in Compound
 
−
          1910–£12/4;
 
−
          1914–£12;
 
−
    .—Sources: 1910–''Photographic Cameras, Lenses and Accessories'' [Catalogue] 1910 Voigtländer & Sohn AG [Printed by Curis & Beanish, Coventry], p. 85; 1910– ''British Journal Photographic Almanac'' 1910, p. 1068-69; 1914–''British Journal Almanac'' 1914, p. 1119;
 
−
</ref> the USA,<ref>Documented price points in the USA:
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] f/6.3:''' in Koilos
 
−
      1908–US$ 60
 
−
    '''[[Collinear]]''' II  f/5.4 16.5cm in Compur
 
−
          1915-$74;
 
−
    '''[[Collinear]]''' III  f/6.8 16.5cm in Compur
 
−
          1915-$70;
 
−
          19xx—US$ 75
 
−
  '''[[Heliar]] f/4.5 135mm:''' in Compur
 
−
      19xx—US$ 80 
 
−
  Sources: 1908–([http://www.flickr.com/photos/captainspaulding/4349802504  ''Burr McIntosh Monthly'' (New York), vol. 18 nº 69, December 1908]);
 
−
                1915–''Catalog of Lenses, Cameras Binoculars and  Opera Glasses 1915-1916''. Voigtlander & Sohn 240-258 E. Ontario St., Chicado, Ill. and 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, p.38-39;
 
−
                19xx–([http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/8089263932 Advertisement Motion Picture Apparatus Co, New York]);
 
−
 
−
</ref>  and ¶¶.The distribution structure is not fully clear, but it would appear that from 1911 to about 1926 Voigtländer handled its own distribution of the ''Alpin'' rather than relying of major local distributors. Indeed, the situation in France was such that Voigtländer was apparently not stocked by the main French camera houses until 1927/28 <ref>The only exception are the irregular listings of the [[Voigtländer]] Stereoflektoscop.</ref>. Thus there are no listings for the ''Alpin'' in the catalogues of any of the major Paris retailers such as Omnium-Photo, Photo-Hall, Photo-Plait, Photo-Sport or Tiranty. The only French listings of the ''Alpin'' that could be found occurred pre World War I, contained in the catalogue of the  mail order house ''Manufacture Français d'Armes et Cycles de Saint-Ètienne''.<ref>Price points in France:
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] f/6.3:''' in Koilos
 
−
        1908 & 1909–FFrancs 263; 1910–FFrancs 300
 
−
    '''Dynar f/5.5 135mm:''' in Koilos
 
−
        1908 & 1909–FFrancs  220; 1910–FFrancs  258
 
−
    Sources 1908-1910: ''Catalogue Manufacture Français d'Armes et Cycles de Saint-Ètienne'' 1908, p. 587; 1909, p. 475; 1910, p. 526.—
 
−
</ref>
 
−
 
−
====Variants====
 
−
Three lettering variations of the front standard have been observed:<ref>The dating of the three lettering variants is based primarily on an analysis of the observed [[Voigtländer serial numbers | serial numbers of the lenses]].</ref><br>
 
−
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Lettering Type A:''' normal script: &#8222;Alpin&#8221;  at left  and Voigtländer  (with 'Braunschweig' below) at right (1907-1909)<br>
 
−
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Lettering Type B:''' running script horizontal: &#8222;Alpin&#8221;  at left and Voigtländer (with top swirl from the 'r' ) at right  (1906–1910?)<br>
 
−
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Lettering Type C:''' running script set at 30&deg; inclination: &#8222;Alpin&#8221;  at left and Voigtländer (with top swirl from the 'r' ) at right (1910?–1930)
 
−
 
−
Lettering types A and B seem to run concurrent, at least in the early part, with the lens serial numbers intermingled. It is possible that these lettering types represent cameras marketed for German-speaking countries (type A)  and the rest of the world (type B).<ref>The rational for this assumption is that Type A also carries the town name 'Braunschweig' which is the spelling in German-speaking countries (i.e. Germany, Austria and part of Switzerland) while it is spelled 'Brunswick' in both French and English.</ref> It can be surmised that the special lettering was dropped in favour of a universal labelling.
 
−
 
−
 
−
 
−
&#8222;Alpin&#8221;  normal script and Voigtländer | Braunschweig normal script 
 
−
    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.3 132mm  (sn  99071) in Compound  lens date:1908  eBay 320965243662 (August 2012)
 
−
    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.3 132mm  (sn 101698) in Compur    lens date:1909  eBay 120953995217 (July 2012)
 
−
    Dynar f/6  12cm            (sn  88592) in Koilos    lens date:1907  [http://voigtlander.pagesperso-orange.fr/anglais/alpinA.htm Pierre Dalger]
 
−
 
−
&#8222;Alpin&#8221;  running script horizontal, and Voigtländer running script horizontal
 
−
    '''C'''ollinear IIInº2 f/6.8 4&frac34;inch  (sn  84424) in Koilos      lens date:1906  eBay 200800224776 (August 2012) with US Patent nº
 
−
    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.8 12cm      (sn 101422) in Koilos      lens date:1908  eBay 350485857317 (September 2011)
 
−
    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.8 4&frac34;inch    (sn 105058) in Compound    lens date:1909  [http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845614600/ Kazutaka Tsutsui via Flickr]
 
−
    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.8 132mm      (sn  98496) in Compound    lens date:1908  [http://www.auction2000.se/auk/w.Object?inC=FHR&inA=12052007&inO=424 Photo Rahn Photographica Auction 5 Lot 424]
 
−
    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.8 132mm      (sn 103198) in Compound    lens date:1909  [http://www.flickr.com/photos/wboisen/5034923691/ W Boisen via Flickr]
 
−
    Dynar f/5.5 12cm              (sn  84815) in B&L Automat lens date:1906  http://www.earlyphotography.co.uk/site/entry_C301.html
 
−
 
 
−
&#8222;Alpin&#8221;  running script 30&deg; inclination, and Voigtländer with top swirl from the 'r' running script 30&deg; inclination
 
−
    Heliar f/4.5 13.5cm        (sn 169120) in Compur  lens date: 1921  http://www.cinci.de/einzel/59.html
 
−
    Heliar f/4.5 13.5cm        (sn 176778) in Compur  lens date: 1922  ebay  Feb 2012
 
−
    Heliar f/4.5 13.5cm        (sn 189992) in Compur  lens date: 1922  [http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845612450/  Kazutaka Tsutsui via Flickr]
 
−
    Heliar f/4.5 13.5cm                    in Compur                  http://retronom.hu/node/22412
 
−
    '''K'''ollinear II.2 f/5.4 4&frac34;inch (sn 123208) in Compur  lens date: 1913  http://cdn.fotocommunity.com/photos/7202012.jpg
 
−
    '''K'''ollinear II.2 f/5.4 4&frac34;inch (sn 127131) in Compur  lens date: 1914  eBay 350589311980 (August 2012)
 
−
    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.3 12cm                in Compur                  http://camerascollection.blogspot.com.au/2011/03/voigtlander-alpin.html
 
−
    '''K'''ollinear III f/6.8 132mm  (sn 134783) in Compur  lens date: 1915  [http://www.auction2000.se/auk/w.Object?inC=LP&inA=07-04-22&inO=191 Fotoauktioner Auktion 26, October, 2012, Lot 191]
 
−
    '''K'''ollinear III f/6.8 132mm  (sn 138148) in Compur  lens date: 1916  http://www.cinci.de/einzel/101.html
 
−
    '''K'''ollinear III f/6.8 132mm  (sn 140305) in Compur  lens date: 1917  http://www.cinci.de/einzel/101.html
 
−
    '''K'''ollinear III f/6.8 132mm  (sn 161564) in Compur  lens date: 1921  ebay 180864519313 (April 2012)
 
−
    [[Collinear]] III f/6.8 132mm              in Compur                  eBay 270910952019 (February 2012)
 
−
    Voigtar f/6.3 10.5cm <ref>Seen in an on-line auction, Yahoo Japan, October 2012</ref>
 
−
 
−
  Goerz (Berlin) Dagor 130 mm lens ebay 370341407741  April 2010
 
−
 
−
{{WIP}}
 
−
 
−
====Lens options====
 
−
This version of the ''Alpin'' was offered in various focal ranges, broadly speaking 120mm, 135mm and 150mm, all set in [[Compound]],  [[Koilos]] or [[Compur]] shutters:
 
−
 
−
'''120mm'''
 
−
* [[Collinear]] f/6.3 120mm
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 120mm
 
−
** in [[Bausch & Lomb]] [[Automat]] shutter
 
−
* Dynar f/6 120mm
 
−
**in [[Koilos]] shutter<ref>[http://voigtlander.pagesperso-orange.fr/anglais/alpinA.htm Pierre Dalger]</ref>
 
−
* Triple Anastigmat f/7 120mm
 
−
 
−
'''4&frac34;inch''' (120.5 mm)
 
−
*[[Kollinear]] II.2 f/5.4 4&frac34;inch
 
−
 
−
'''132mm'''
 
−
*[[Kollinear]] II f/4.5 132mm
 
−
**in [[Compur]] shutter<ref>''Catalog of Lenses, Cameras Binoculars and  Opera Glasses 1915-1916''. Voigtlander & Sohn 240-258 E. Ontario St., Chicado, Ill. and 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, p.38-39.</ref>
 
−
*[[Kollinear]] III f/6.8 132mm
 
−
**in [[Koilos]] shutter<ref>''Catalogue Manufacture Français d'Armes et Cycles de Saint-Ètienne'' 1908, p. 587; 1909, p. 475; 1910, p. 526 (catalogue page depicted in the catalogue section of  the [http://www.collection-appareils.fr/x/html/page_standard.php?id_appareil=21124 Alpin entry] at Sylvain Halgand's site).</ref>
 
−
**in [[Compur]] shutter<ref>''Catalog of Lenses, Cameras Binoculars and  Opera Glasses 1915-1916''. Voigtlander & Sohn 240-258 E. Ontario St., Chicado, Ill. and 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, p.38-39.—Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch. St. Gallen</i> (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 124.</ref>.
 
−
 
−
'''135mm'''
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 135mm
 
−
**in [[Koilos]] shutter<ref>''Catalogue Manufacture Français d'Armes et Cycles de Saint-Ètienne'' 1908, p. 587; 1909, p. 475; 1910, p. 526 (catalogue page depicted in the catalogue section of  the [http://www.collection-appareils.fr/x/html/page_standard.php?id_appareil=21124 Alpin entry] at Sylvain Halgand's site).</ref>
 
−
**in [[Compur]] shutter<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch.</i> St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 124.</ref>.
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 135mm
 
−
**in [[Compur]] shutter<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch.</i> St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 124.</ref>.
 
−
* Triple Anastigmat f/7 135mm
 
−
 
−
'''150mm'''
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 150mm 
 
−
* Triple Anastigmat f/7 150mm
 
−
'''Varied'''
 
−
* [[Collinear]] Satzanastigmat with 6 different focal lengths f/7 to f/12.5<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch.</i> St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 124.</ref>.
 
−
 
−
In addition, an ''Alpin'' was observed fitted with a  Voigtar f/6.3 10.5cm,<ref>Seen in an on-line auction, Yahoo Japan, October 2012</ref> which is most likely a post-market modification with a lens and shutter unit salvaged from a [[Bessa]].
 
  
  
Line 290: Line 221:
 
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  {{Flickr_image
 
  {{Flickr_image
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  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845614600/in/pool-camerawiki
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  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20429889789/in/pool-camerawiki
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  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/3399/5845614600_8c4321b71b_n.jpg
+
  |image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/689/20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
 
  |image_align= center
 
  |image_align= center
 +
|image_text= Lens Bezel Type ¶¶¶
 +
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 
  }}
 
  }}
 
  ||
 
  ||
 
  {{Flickr_image
 
  {{Flickr_image
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  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845613008/in/pool-camerawiki
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  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/19994020694/in/pool-camerawiki
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  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5306/5845613008_31faa9bc1a_n.jpg
+
  |image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/695/19994020694_8fcaa82d90_n.jpg
 +
|image_align= center
 +
|image_text= Lens Bezel Type ¶¶¶
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 +
}}
 +
|| {{Flickr_image
 +
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/581/20451767028/in/pool-camerawiki
 +
|image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/767/20451767028_98f84a5c7b_n.jpg
 
  |image_align= center
 
  |image_align= center
 +
|image_text=Lens Bezel Type 2cii
 +
|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 +
|image_rights= with permission
 
  }}
 
  }}
−
||
 
−
{{Flickr_image
 
−
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845061693/in/pool-camerawiki
 
−
|image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/3534/5845061693_a1b2b2325e_n.jpg
 
−
|image_align= top
 
−
}}
 
 
  |-
 
  |-
−
  |colspan=3 align="center"|  Voigtländer Alpin 9 x 12cm (version 2 script type B) with Collinear III, 4&frac34; inch f/6.8
+
  |colspan=3 align="center"|
−
|-
+
{{Flickr_image_caption
 +
  |image_text= Lens Bezel inscriptions of [[KMZ]]-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm
 +
 
 +
}}
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
==Sample Images==
 +
 
 +
{|class=plainlinks align=center
 
||
 
||
 
  {{Flickr_image
 
  {{Flickr_image
−
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845612450/in/pool-camerawiki
+
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20606641325/in/pool-camerawiki
−
  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/2728/5845612450_9411037ca2_n.jpg
+
  |image= http://farm1.staticflickr.com/584/20606641325_a2c6f4d60e_n.jpg
 
  |image_align= center
 
  |image_align= center
 +
|image_text= 'Pink on Grey'
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 
  }}
 
  }}
 
  ||
 
  ||
 
  {{Flickr_image
 
  {{Flickr_image
−
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845059323/in/pool-camerawiki
+
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20128647773/in/pool-camerawiki
−
  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/2681/5845059323_2de5f81d4c_n.jpg
+
  |image= http://farm1.staticflickr.com/650/20128647773_ebf22d02ec_n.jpg
 
  |image_align= center
 
  |image_align= center
 +
|image_text='E'
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 
  }}
 
  }}
 
  ||
 
  ||
 
  {{Flickr_image
 
  {{Flickr_image
−
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845059835/in/pool-camerawiki
+
  |image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20127285274/in/pool-camerawiki
−
  |image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/3352/5845059835_1b11b110dc_n.jpg
+
  |image= http://farm1.staticflickr.com/634/20127285274_2052eff246_n.jpg
 
  |image_align= top
 
  |image_align= top
 +
|image_text= Gum Nuts
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 
  }}
 
  }}
 
  |-
 
  |-
 
  |colspan=3 align="center"|
 
  |colspan=3 align="center"|
 
{{Flickr_image_caption
 
{{Flickr_image_caption
−
  |image_text= Voigtländer Alpin 9 x 12cm (version 2, script type C) with Heliar 13.5cm f/4.5
+
  |image_text= Sample images taken with a Helios-44 Type Type 2cii mounted on a Nikon D800
−
  |image_by= Kazutaka Tsutsui
+
  |image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 
  |image_rights= with permission
 
  |image_rights= with permission
 
}}  
 
}}  
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
===Version 3, Alpin Rapid (~1925)===
+
==Notes==
−
The Alpin Rapid was a prototype for a development that was not followed through.<ref>From the former Voigtländer-Museum  in Braunschweig. [http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/2453153 Breker September 2006, Lot 175]; [http://www.artfact.com/auction-lot/voigtlander-alpin-rapid-,-c.-1925-127-c-fbb27362ac  Breker Mach 2009, Lot 127]</ref> A camera with red, single extension bellows. The fold-down front bed has a deep recess to allow for the bulging Skopar in Turbo Shutter. The  canera has red spirit-filled bubble levels on top and on left side. An expandable waist-level viewfinder mounted on the top of the camera. Fitted with Anastigmat Skopar f/4.5 13.5cm in Voigtländer Turbo Shutter
 
−
 
 
−
==10 x15 format==
 
−
Soon after the introduction of the 9x12 model, Voigtländer realised that there was a market for a wider format, more suitable for landscapes and group photographs. In consequence, the 10 x 15 version was introduced.<ref>Documented Price Points:
 
−
UNITED STATES
 
−
    '''[[Collinear]]''' II  f/5.4 16.5cm in Compur
 
−
          1915-$97;
 
−
    '''[[Collinear]]''' III  f/6.8 16.5cm in Compur
 
−
          1915-$92;
 
−
        Sources: 1915–Catalog of Lenses, Cameras Binoculars and  Opera Glasses 1915-1916. Voigtlander & Sohn 240-258 E. Ontario St., Chicado, Ill. and 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, p.38-39;
 
−
</ref>
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
The camera has a fold-up [[Viewfinder#Newton finder|Newton finder]] in the center, which, when folded down, is external, but flush with the casing. The top of the finder frame has an apex, while the glass shows  etched-in red cross-hairs.
 
−
 
 
−
  no text on front board
 
−
  central section of front standard has a curved higer section. Rotating disc?
 
−
 
 
−
10x15
 
−
  no text on front board
 
−
  [[Collinear]] f/6.3        (sn  97983) in [[Compound]]  lens date: 1907  [http://www.christies.com/lotFinder/lot_details.aspx?intObjectID=624580 Christies Sale 7145, March 1996, Lot 337]
 
−
  [[Collinear]] f/6.3  16.5cm (sn 132247) in [[Compur]]    lens date: 1914  http://www.blende-und-zeit.sirutor-und-compur.de/thread.php?board=1&thread=5
 
−
  [[Collinear]] f/12.5 15cm  (sn 618505)              lens date:~1930  [http://www.westlicht-auction.com/index.php?id=8131&acat=8131&_ssl=off Westlicht nº 4, November 2003, Lot 360]
 
−
 
 
−
 
−
===Version 1, 1908-26===
 
−
====Lens options====
 
−
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−
The camera was offered in three focal lengths, 165mm, 180mm and 210mm, all set in either  [[Compound]] or [[Koilos]] shutters:<ref>Documented Price Points:
 
−
'''SWITZERLAND:'''
 
−
[[Collinear]] f/6.3 165mm in Compur
 
−
      1927: CHF 404;
 
−
.— Dynar f/5.5 165mm in Compur
 
−
      1927: CHF 390
 
−
.— [[Heliar]] f/4.5 165mm in Compur
 
−
      1927: CHF 442;
 
−
.— [[Heliar]] f/4.5 180mm in Compur
 
−
      1927: CHF 462;
 
−
.— [[Heliar]] f/4.5 210mm in Compur
 
−
      1927: CHF 526;
 
−
.— [[Collinear]] Satzanastigmat with 6 different focal lengths, f.6.3 to f/12.5
 
−
      1927: CHF 492;
 
−
.—Sources: 1927—Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch.</i> St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 125.—
 
−
 
 
−
'''UNITED KINGDOM:'''
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]] f/5.5 15cm:''' [=6 inch] in Compound
 
−
          1910–£17/10;
 
−
          1914–£15/5;
 
−
          Sources: 1910–''Voigtländer Catalogue'' 1910, p. 88; also: ''British Journal Photographic Almanac 1910'', p. 1069;
 
−
            1914–''British Journal Almanac'' 1914, p. 1119
 
−
</ref>
 
−
 
 
−
'''165mm'''
 
−
* [[Collinear]] f/6.3 165mm
 
−
**in [[Compur]] shutter
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 165mm 
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 165mm
 
−
'''180mm'''
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 180mm
 
−
'''210mm'''
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 210mm
 
−
'''Varied'''
 
−
* [[Collinear]] Satzanastigmat with 6 different focal lengths
 
−
 
 
−
===Version 2, 1926-28===
 
−
====Lens options====
 
−
The camera was offered as a 'postcard' camera in three focal length, 165mm, 180mm and 210mm, all set in [[Compound]] or [[Compur]] shutters:
 
−
'''165mm'''
 
−
* [[Collinear]] f/6.3 165mm
 
−
**in [[Compur]] shutter<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch. </i>St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 125.</ref>.
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 165mm 
 
−
**in [[Compur]] shutter<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch. </i>St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 125.</ref>.
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 165mm
 
−
**in [[Compur]] shutter<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch. </i>St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 125.</ref>.
 
−
'''180mm'''
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 180mm
 
−
**in [[Compur]]<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch. </i>St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 125.</ref>.
 
−
'''210mm'''
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 210mm
 
−
**in [[Compound]] shutter<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch. </i>St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 125.</ref>.
 
−
'''Varied'''
 
−
* [[Collinear]] Satzanastigmat with 6 different focal lengths, f.6.3 to f/12.5<ref> Hausamann & Co (1927) <i>Hand- und Preisbuch. </i>St. Gallen (Switzerland): Hausamann & Co. p. 125.</ref>.
 
−
 
 
−
{{WIP}}
 
−
 
 
−
==9 x 12 format Stereo
 
−
 
 
−
Mentioned in F Voigtländer Katalog 1907, p. 29
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
==10x15 format Stereo==
 
−
{|class=floatright
 
−
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−
{{Flickr_image
 
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|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/8104956916/in/pool-camerawiki/
 
−
|image= http://farm5.static.flickr.com/8327/8104956916_bd43dcac59_n.jpg
 
−
|image_align= right
 
−
|image_text= 1910 model of the Stereo Alpin 10x15  twin-lens  version <br>with [[Kollinear]] III f/6.8 150mm<ref> ''British Journal Photographic Almanac'' 1910, p. 1069</ref>
 
−
|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 
−
|image_rights= with permission
 
−
}}
 
−
|}
 
−
 
 
−
From the start Voigtländer offered two versions of the camera, the Standard model which was covered with black leather, and a Tropical model (the 'Metall-Streo-Kamera'), where the outside of the metal housing was textured and covered with black bake enamelled paint.<ref>Sold with RMk 5 premium: Voigtländer Katalog 1907, p. 29 ¶¶</ref> 
 
−
 
 
−
===Alpin Stereo, two-lens version 1909-1914===
 
−
<!--                                                                                                                                                                                        -->
 
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−
The stereo version became available in 1911 and was offered until the end of production in 1928.<ref>No longer included in the 1930 catalogue ('''Sein Stolz, eine Voigtländer''.'  Nr 2308/430. Braunschweig: Voigtländer & Sohn.</ref> It came in two versions, the pure stereo with dual lens and shutters<ref>Documented Price Points:
 
−
UNITED KINGDOM
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]]''' f/5.5 6inch in Compound
 
−
          1910–£21/10;
 
−
          1914–£19/5;
 
−
          Sources: 1910–''Voigtländer Catalogue'' 1910, p. 88; also: ''British Journal Photographic Almanac'' 1910, p. 1069;
 
−
            1914–''British Journal Almanac'' 1914, p. 1119
 
−
</ref>
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
Standard Model
 
−
Tropical Model
 
−
 
 
−
The body of the stereo camera was the same as that of the 10 x 15 format camera, with the exception that the stereo camera had a light-tight partition to allow for two exposures (removable in the case of the three-lens version).
 
−
==== Lens Options====
 
−
Two [[Collinear]] f/6.3 105mm in Stereo Compur shutter for the stereo option.
 
−
===Alpin Stereo, three-lens version 1909-1914===
 
−
Voigtländer introduced a new version of the Alpine Stereo, a three-lens version that allowed to take both stereo and, via a centrally placed lens, also panorama images The body of the stereo camera was the same as that of the 10 x 15 format camera, with the exception that the stereo camera had a light-tight partition to allow for two exposures, which was removable for panorama shost.<ref>Documented Price Points:
 
−
UNITED KINGDOM
 
−
  '''[[Collinear]]''' f/5.5 6inch in Compound
 
−
          1910–£29/10;
 
−
          1914–£25/5;
 
−
          Sources: 1910–''Voigtländer Catalogue'' 1910, p. 88; also: ''British Journal Photographic Almanac'' 1910, p. 1069;
 
−
            1914–''British Journal Almanac'' 1914, p. 1119;
 
−
</ref>
 
−
 
 
−
==== Lens Options====
 
−
Two [[Collinear]] f/6.3 105mm in Stereo XXX  shutter for the stereo option and a centrally located [[Collinear]] III f/6.8 150mm for the Panorama option.
 
−
 
 
−
{|class=floatright
 
−
|
 
−
{{Flickr_image
 
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−
|image= http://farm5.static.flickr.com/8184/8107394900_447dace51a_n.jpg
 
−
|image_align= right
 
−
|image_text= 1915 model of the Stereo Alpin 10x15  <br>three-lens  version with [[Kollinear]] III f/6.8 150mm<ref>''Catalog of Lenses, Cameras Binoculars and  Opera Glasses 1915-1916''. Voigtlander & Sohn 240-258 E. Ontario St., Chicado, Ill. and 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, p.39.</ref>
 
−
|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 
−
|image_rights= with permission
 
−
}}
 
−
|}
 
−
===Alpin Stereo three-lens version 1915–===
 
−
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−
In 1915 Voigtländer introduced a new three-lens version of the Alpine Stereo, and seems to have abandoned the sales of the pure stereo version.<ref>Documented Price Points:
 
−
UNITED STATES
 
−
    '''[[Collinear]]''' f/5.5 6inch in Compur
 
−
          1915-$165;
 
−
        Sources: 1915–''Catalog of Lenses, Cameras Binoculars and  Opera Glasses 1915-1916''. Voigtlander & Sohn 240-258 E. Ontario St., Chicado, Ill. and 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, p.39.
 
−
</ref>
 
−
==== Lens Options====
 
−
Two [[Collinear]] f/6.3 105mm for the stereo option and a centrally located [[Collinear]] III f/6.8 150mm for the Panorama option set in a triple-action Compound shutter.<ref>
 
−
[http://www.icollector.com/Voigtlnder-Alpin-Stereo-um-1911_i178262 Auktion Team Köln April 2002 Lot 831].—
 
−
[[Collinear]] f/6.3 105mm (sn 112812 & 112813) [[Collinear]] III f/6.8 150mm (sn 112814) Westlicht  13, June 2008, Lot 498.—
 
−
</ref>
 
−
 
 
−
{{br}}
 
−
 
 
−
==Advertisements==
 
−
 
 
−
{|class=plainlinks align=center
 
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|image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/4019/4349802504_b68a9da64c_n.jpg
 
−
|image_by= Captain Geoffrey Spaulding
 
−
|image_rights=
 
−
}}
 
−
||&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
−
|| {{Flickr_image
 
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|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/89864432@N00/1491381779/in/pool-camerawiki/
 
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|image= http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2256/1491381779_a7100247e9_n.jpg
 
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|image_by= Uwe Kulick
 
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}}
 
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||&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
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|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/XXXXX/in/pool-camerawiki
 
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|image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5049/5261261985_379e93d2ef_m.jpg
 
−
|image_rights=
 
−
}}
 
−
|-
 
−
| align= center|'''1908:''' 9x12 model with [[Koilos]] shutter <br><small>(U.S. Advertisement 1908)</small>{{public domain 1923}}
 
−
||
 
−
|align= center|'''1911:''' 10 x15 model  with [[Compound]] shutter <br><small>(German Advertisement 1911) </small>{{public domain 1923}}
 
−
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−
|align= center|
 
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−
{|class=plainlinks align=center
 
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|image= http://farm6.static.flickr.com/8332/8104943285_be7b92525f.jpg
 
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||&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
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|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/8104942947/in/pool-camerawiki/
 
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|image= http://farm3.static.flickr.com/8185/8104942947_f9125b5080.jpg
 
−
}}
 
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|-
 
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|colspan=3 align="center"|
 
−
{{Flickr_image_caption
 
−
|image_text= British Journal Photographic Almanac 1910, p1068-9
 
−
|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 
−
|image_rights= public domain 1923
 
−
}}
 
−
|}
 
−
 
 
−
==Notes and References==
 
 
<references />
 
<references />
  
 +
====Bibliography====
 +
Машиностроение (1968) Каталог "Любительская фотокиноаппаратура" (Katalog Photokinoapparatura) Moscow: Машиностроение pp. 232–234
  
−
 
+
====Links====
−
 
+
*[http://www.zenitcamera.com/archive/lenses/helios-44.html  KMZ Original description and technical specifications of the Helios 44].
−
[[Category:1906-1910]]
+
*[http://www.photohistory.ru/ Photohistory  of the Helios 44]
−
[[Category:German 9x12 folding]]
 
−
[[Category:German 10x15 folding]]
 
−
[[Category:Voigtländer|Alpin]]
 
−
[[Category:A]]
 
−
[[Category:Topography]]
 

Latest revision as of 12:40, 12 September 2015

Helios 44

20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
Lens schematic of the Helios-44 f/2 58mm
image by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)


Helios-44 (Гелиос-44) is a series of standard lenses for SLR cameras, produced from 1949? until 1992 (2001?) in the Soviet Union by KMZ, MMZ, and by Valdai. The Helios-44 is it is considered to be one of most mass-produced lenses in the world. The lens is based on the Carl Zeiss Biotar f/2 58mm design.[1] The Helios-44 f/2 58mm is a 6-element anastigmat, which over the duration of its production was available in both single-coated and multi-coated versions. Helios-44 is has a strong aberration at the margins, resulting in a characteristic 'swirl' which is reminiscent of Petzval lenses.

The nomenclature of all bar the first (silver-cased) Helios lenses follows the formula 'Helios-44X-N', where X -is the index of lens mount (M for M42 thread, K for Pentax K bayonet, Д for Zenit-D bayonet) and N is a optical resolution index 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (the higher number the higher is an optical resolution of lens).


Technical Specifications

Focal Distance: 58mm (may vary in reality).
Aperture Range: ƒ/2 - ƒ/16 (ƒ/22)
Optical Formula: 6 elements in 4 groups.
Angle of View: 40°28
Geometric Vignetting: 58%



The arrangement of the focussing helicoid as well as the aperture selector ring differs between models. In the table below, the arrow ← indicates the direction the aperture control ring needs to be turned to increase the ƒ-stops.



Model

Maker		 Lens
Mount

Weight		 Number of
Aperture
Blades		 Minimum
Focusing
Distance
Maximum
Aperture
Filter
Diameter		 Resolution
center/edge
lines/mm
Trans-
mittance
Color
Formula
Sequence
(from lens face)

References
Helios-44 (Start) KMZ Start 230g 13 0.7m ƒ/16 M40.5x0.5 35/14 .81 10-0-1.5 focus, ƒ←
Helios-44 KMZ LTM 230g 13 0.5m ƒ/22
ƒ/16		 M49.5x0.75 35/14 ƒ→ , DoF, focus [2]
KMZ Arri PL 230g 13 0.5m ƒ/22
ƒ/16		 M49.5x0.75 ƒ→ , DoF, focus
KMZ LTM 230g 8 0.5m ƒ/22
ƒ/16		 M49.5x0.75 ƒ→ , DoF, focus
MMZ LTM ¶g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 M49x0.75 ƒ→ , focus [3]
Helios-44-2 KMZ M42 230g 13 0.5m ƒ/16 M49x0.75 38/20 0.82 10-0-1.5 ƒ→ , focus [4]
Helios-44-7 KMZ M42 350g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 M49x0.75 36/17 0.80 10-0-1.5
Helios-44-M KMZ M42 ¶g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 focus, ƒ→
Helios-44M-3 KMZ M42 300g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 38/19 0.80 10-0-1.5 ƒ→ , focus
Helios-44M-4 KMZ M42 300g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 38/19 0.80 10-0-1.5 focus, ƒ→
Helios-44-N KMZ M42 ¶g 8 0.5m ƒ/16
Helios-44X-N KMZ M42 ¶g 6 0.5m ƒ/16 M52x0.75
MC Helios-44K-4 KMZ Pentax K 300g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 42/21 0.85 11-0-0 focus, ƒ→
MC Helios-44M-3 KMZ M42 300g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 0.85 11-0-0 ƒ→ , focus
MC Helios-44M-4 KMZ M42 300g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 41/20 0.85 11-0-0
MC Helios-44M-5 KMZ M42 270g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 41/20 0.85 11-0-0 focus, ƒ→
MC Helios-44M-6 KMZ M42 270g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 45/25 0.90 11-0-0 focus, ƒ→
MC Helios-44M-7 KMZ M42 270g 6 0.5m ƒ/16 M52x0.75 50/30 0.90 11-0-0 focus, ƒ→

Typology of the silver-barrelled Helios-44 lenses (early versions)

20622183195_3fca4835a3_n.jpg
Lens schematic of the Helios-44 f/2 58mm
image by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)

The early Helios lenses are housed in aluminium barrels. Reputedly, the serial numbers of the early Helios lenses are structured according to the following pattern:[5]
000xxxx factory test (study) models, prototypes etc..
00xxxxx models reserved for members of the communist party and other "VIPs" .
0xxxxxx reserved for factory syndicat leaders. All lenses with a '0', '00' and '000' prefix reputedly underwent higher quality control.

Additional variations exist in the representation of the serial number prefixes. Observed have been N and Nº, whereby the 'N" appears on some of the earlier models.

Helios 44 (Start)

Mechanically, the Helios lens for the Start SLR differs from all other Helios-44 lenses inasmuch as the focussing ring is up front and the aperture selector at the rear. Moreover, the lens for the Start lacks the preset function of the other early models. Aperture selection with f-stops increasing in clockwise motion.

  • Type 1— f-stops to f/22; bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (Π) in red, silver front bezel ring. Released 1958.[6]
  • Type 2— f-stops to f/16; bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by KMZ [7]
Helios-44 (LTM)

Pre-set prime lens. The fixed lens stops have with audible clicks, while the stop-down ring (to check the depth of field) allows for a smooth contraction of the diaphragm. Aperture selection with f-stops increasing in counter-clockwise motion (differs from the Helios version used on the Start)..

  • Type 1—pre-set lens with f-stops to f/22; bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (Π) in red, silver front bezel ring, sn 000xxxx–0017xxx. Initially used for the KMZ Kristall released in 1961 and the KMZ Zenit 3M.
  • Type 2— pre-set lens with f-stops to f/16
Type 2a—bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (Π) in red, and a silver front bezel ring, sn 0016xxx [8]
Type 2b—bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by KMZ
Type 2bi— Cyrillic labelling, ring, sn 0073xxx– [9]
Type 2bii—Latin labelling
Type 2biii—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. [10]
Type 2c—bezel text "2/58" and 'black' front bezel ring, 13-blade diaphragm produced by KMZ until the late 1950s, sn –0225xxx
Type 2ci— Cyrillic labelling[11]
Type 2cii—Latin labelling [12]
Type 2ciii—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. [13]
Type 2d—bezel text "2/58" and 'black' front bezel ring, 8-blade diaphragm, produced by KMZ until the late 1950s, sn 024447x–
Type 2di—Cyrillc labelling, [14]
Type 2di—Cyrillc labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. [15]
Type 2diIi—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. [16]
Type 2e—bezel text "2/58" and black front bezel ring, 8-blade diaphragm, produced by MMZ until the mid 1960s[17]
Type 2ei— Cyrillic labelling, sn 50xxxxx–60xxxxx [18]
Type 2eii— Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR,' sn 50xxxxx–60xxxxx [19]
Helios-44-2 (M42)
Type 1— pre-set lens with bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by Valdai
Type 1a— Cyrillic labelling[20]
Type 1b— Latin labelling [21]
Type 2— pre-set lens with bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by MMZ [22]


20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
19994020694_8fcaa82d90_n.jpg
20623213781_c08b944446_n.jpg

KMZ-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm for Start SLR
images by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)


20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
19994020694_8fcaa82d90_n.jpg
20623213781_c08b944446_n.jpg

KMZ-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm Type 2cii
images by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)


20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
Lens Bezel Type ¶¶¶
19994020694_8fcaa82d90_n.jpg
Lens Bezel Type ¶¶¶
20451767028_98f84a5c7b_n.jpg
Lens Bezel Type 2cii
image by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)

Lens Bezel inscriptions of KMZ-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm


Sample Images

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'Pink on Grey'
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'E'
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Gum Nuts

Sample images taken with a Helios-44 Type Type 2cii mounted on a Nikon D800
images by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)

Notes

  1. ↑ At the beginning the lens was to be called "БТК" - "БиоТар Красногорский" (BioTar Krasnogorski).
  2. ↑ For photo series see discussion thread for this image
  3. ↑ Seen on eBay sn/6012651, English labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'.
  4. ↑ Manufactured from 1971 by KMZ and MMZ, in 1974 production moved to Jupiter Optics Valdai, in 1982/83 production moved back to to MMZ
  5. ↑ | A Word about Russian Serial Numbers
  6. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/ 0005085 (with Start body #5904339); 0005292 (with Start body #6317417); 0014131; 0014167 (with Start body #6100790); 0016442
  7. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/ 0043802 (with Start body #6388722); 0051838 0052784 (with Start body #6120968); 0057844 (with Start body #6112545); 0063978 (with Start body #6114645); 0060810 (with Start body #6114785); 0069922; 0075924 (with Start body #6119536); 0101830 (with Start body #6315633); 0121214 (with Start body #6226892);
  8. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0016709; 0018687, 0023907
  9. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0068221; 0059418; 0158550; 0275085
  10. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0120173
  11. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0030453, 0127713
  12. ↑ Photographica Collection Dirk HR Spennemann sn/0085902; 0205436
  13. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0120173
  14. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/02887790
  15. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0275083
  16. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0254198, 0275083
  17. ↑ MMZ lenses with serial numbers beginning with "N40xxx", "N50xxx" or "N60xxx" were most likely made in 1964, 1965 and 1966 (first number of sn very likely stands for the year of 196x decade).
  18. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/5011275 ; 5014399; 5038818
  19. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/6002494 (on Zenit3M); 6012651, 6024306.
  20. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/8708916
  21. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/79220381; 80003408; 81276436; 81293022
  22. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/7654512.

Bibliography

Машиностроение (1968) Каталог "Любительская фотокиноаппаратура" (Katalog Photokinoapparatura) Moscow: Машиностроение pp. 232–234

Links

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