Difference between revisions of "User:Heritagefutures/WorkSpace3"

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{|class=floatright
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==Helios 44 ==
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|
 
 
{{Flickr_image
 
{{Flickr_image
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|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/wboisen/5034923691/in/pool-camerawiki/
+
| image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20429889789/in/pool-camerawiki
−
|image= http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4129/5034923691_9238980ab9.jpg
+
|image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/689/20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
−
|image_align= right
+
|image_align = right
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|image_text= 9x12cm, Alpin with Kollinear III 6.8/132mm
+
|image_text= Lens schematic of the Helios-44 f/2 58mm
−
|image_by= willboy2010
+
|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
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|image_rights= with permission
+
|image_rights= with permission
−
}}
+
}}  
−
|}
 
  
−
==Voigtländer Alpin Specifications==
+
 +
[[Helios]]-44 (Гелиос-44) is a series of standard lenses for SLR cameras, produced from 1949? until 1992 (2001?) in the Soviet Union by [[KMZ]], [[MMZ]], and by [[Valdai]]. The Helios-44 is it is considered to be one of most mass-produced lenses in the world. The lens is based on the [[Carl Zeiss]]  Biotar f/2 58mm design.<ref>At the beginning the lens was to be called "БТК" - "БиоТар Красногорский" (BioTar Krasnogorski).</ref> The Helios-44 f/2 58mm is a  6-element anastigmat, which over the duration of its production  was available in both single-coated and multi-coated versions. Helios-44 is has a strong aberration at the margins, resulting in a characteristic 'swirl' which is reminiscent of [[Petzval]] lenses.
  
−
* Manufacturer: [[Voigtländer]]
+
The nomenclature of all bar the first (silver-cased) Helios lenses follows the formula 'Helios-44X-N',  where X -is the index of lens mount (M for [[M42]] thread, K for [[K mount | Pentax K]] bayonet, Д for [[Zenit]]-D bayonet) and N is a optical resolution index 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (the higher number the higher is an optical resolution of lens).
−
* Country: Germany
 
−
* Years Produced: 1907 - 1929
 
−
* Body Type: Metal Folding
 
−
* Film Type: Plate 9x12, 10x15
 
−
* Lens Type: Multiple
 
−
* Shutter Type: Compound, Koilos 300 or Compur 250
 
−
* Flash Type: None
 
  
−
The [[Voigtländer]] '''Alpin''' are horizontal folding bed plate cameras made from 1907 to 1928. The cameras had double or triple extension bellows. A ''Teletubus'' with 2½× magnification could be mounted inside the unfolded camera. Tourists liked the camera because it was quite compact when folded, provided a horizontal format suitable for landscapes and group photographs,  and it was made of light metal. It was produced in a wide variety of models each featured a different lens or negative size.
 
  
−
Two main formats were offered, 9x12 and 10x15, the latter for panorama and stereo imagery.
 
  
−
The design of the [[Voigtländer]] Alpin influenced other camera manufacturers to create similar designs. A close copy is [[Konica | Rokuoh Sha's]]'  [[Neat Lily| horizontal Lily ]] ( (リリー) offered from 1916 to 1930.
+
====Technical Specifications====
−
check Neat Lily end date of offering in my Rokuoh Sha Catalogues.
 
  
−
==9x12 format==
 
−
The front standard of the camera allows for rise and fall.
 
  
−
DISCUSS spelling Kollinear vs Collinear
 
  
−
  Find these refs:
+
Focal Distance: 58mm (may vary in reality).<br>
−
  BJA 1906, p. 1370B;
+
Aperture Range: ƒ/2 - ƒ/16 (ƒ/22)<br>
−
  BJA 1907, pp. 904, 1347;
+
Optical Formula: 6 elements in 4 groups.<br>
−
  BJA 1909, p. 1119;
+
Angle of View: 40°28<br>
−
  BJA 1910, p. 1068;
+
Geometric Vignetting: 58%
−
  BJA 1912, p. 1076;
 
−
  BJA 1913, pp. 740, 1098;
 
−
  BJA 1925, p. 746.
 
  
−
  Müller, Klaus-D.  (XXXX) ''Voigtländer & Sohn  Optische Anstalt Braunschweig. Objektive und Apparate 1840 - 1939''. Photographica Bibliothek vol. 3, p. 186, 187, 249
 
−
  The Camera vol. 18, p. 753
 
  
−
===Version 1, 1905-08===
 
  
−
The first version introduced in 1905  carried the name
+
{{br}}
  
−
&#8222;Alpin&#8221;  running script horizontal, and Voigtländer with top swirl from the 'r' running script horizontal
+
The arrangement of the focussing helicoid as well as the aperture selector ring differs between models. In the table below, the arrow &#8592; indicates the direction the aperture control ring needs to be turned to increase the ƒ-stops.
−
    '''C'''ollinear III, 12cm  in Koilos http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845605220/
 
−
    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.8 4 3/4inch in Compound http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845614600/
 
−
    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.8 132mm  in Compound http://www.flickr.com/photos/wboisen/5034923691/
 
−
    Dynar f/5.5 120mm in B&L Automat http://www.earlyphotography.co.uk/site/entry_C301.html
 
  
−
====Lens options====
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="4" style="margin: 0.5em 2em; text-align: center; border-collapse: collapse;" |
−
The first version of the Alpin was offered with three focal lengths, 120mm, 135mm and 150mm, all set in either B&L Automat, [[Compound]] or [[Koilos]] shutters:
+
! <br><br>Model || <br><br>Maker || Lens <br> Mount || <br><br>Weight || Number of <br>Aperture <br>Blades || Minimum <br>Focusing <br>Distance || <br>Maximum <br>Aperture ||<br> Filter <br>Diameter || Resolution <br> center/edge <br> lines/mm || <br>Trans-<br>mittance || <br>Color <br>Formula || <br>Sequence<br> (from lens face) || <br><br>References
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44 (Start) || [[KMZ]] || [[Start (SLR) | Start]] || 230g || 13 || 0.7m || ƒ/16 || M40.5x0.5|| 35/14 || .81 || 10-0-1.5|| focus, ƒ&#8592; ||
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44 || [[KMZ]] || [[ LTM]] || 230g || 13 || 0.5m || ƒ/22 <br> ƒ/16 || M49.5x0.75 || 35/14 || || || ƒ&#8594; , DoF, focus||<ref> For photo series see discussion thread [https://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/19959251503/ for this image]</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| || [[KMZ]] || [[ Arri PL]] || 230g || 13 || 0.5m || ƒ/22 <br> ƒ/16 || M49.5x0.75 || || || ||ƒ&#8594; , DoF, focus ||
 +
|-
 +
| || [[KMZ]] || [[ LTM]] || 230g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/22 <br> ƒ/16 || M49.5x0.75 || || || ||ƒ&#8594; , DoF, focus ||
 +
|-
 +
| || [[MMZ]] || [[LTM]] || ¶g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || M49x0.75|| || || ||ƒ&#8594; , focus ||<ref>Seen on eBay sn/6012651, English labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'.</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44-2 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 230g || 13 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || M49x0.75 || 38/20 || 0.82 || 10-0-1.5 || ƒ&#8594; , focus|| <ref> Manufactured from 1971 by [[KMZ]] and [[MMZ]], in 1974 production moved to Jupiter Optics [[Valdai]], in 1982/83 production moved back to to [[MMZ]]</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44-7 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 350g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || M49x0.75 || 36/17 || 0.80 || 10-0-1.5 || ||
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44-M || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || ¶g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || || || || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44M-3 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 300g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 38/19 || 0.80 || 10-0-1.5 || ƒ&#8594; , focus||
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44M-4 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 300g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 38/19 || 0.80 || 10-0-1.5 || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44-N || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || ¶g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || || || || ||
 +
|-
 +
| Helios-44X-N || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || ¶g || 6 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || M52x0.75 || || || || ||
 +
|-
 +
| MC Helios-44K-4 ||[[KMZ]] || [[K-mount | Pentax K]] || 300g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 42/21 || 0.85 || 11-0-0 || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
 +
|-
 +
| MC Helios-44M-3 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 300g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || || 0.85 || 11-0-0 || ƒ&#8594; , focus||
 +
|-
 +
| MC Helios-44M-4 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 300g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 41/20 || 0.85 || 11-0-0 || ||
 +
|-
 +
| MC Helios-44M-5 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 270g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 41/20 || 0.85 || 11-0-0 || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
 +
|-
 +
| MC Helios-44M-6 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 270g || 8 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || || 45/25 || 0.90 || 11-0-0 || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
 +
|-
 +
| MC Helios-44M-7 || [[KMZ]] || [[M42]] || 270g || 6 || 0.5m || ƒ/16 || M52x0.75 || 50/30 || 0.90 || 11-0-0 || focus, ƒ&#8594; ||
 +
|}
  
−
'''120mm'''
+
====Typology of the silver-barrelled Helios-44 lenses (early versions)====
−
* Collinear f/6.3 120mm
+
{{Flickr_image
−
* Dynar f/5.5 120mm
+
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20622183195
−
* Triple Anastigmat f/7 120mm
+
|image= http://farm6.staticflickr.com/5631/20622183195_3fca4835a3_n.jpg
−
'''135mm'''
+
|image_align= right
−
* Collinear f/6.3 135mm
+
|image_text= Lens schematic of the Helios-44 f/2 58mm
−
* Dynar f/5.5 135mm
+
|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
−
* Triple Anastigmat f/7 135mm
+
  |image_rights= with permission
−
'''150mm'''
+
}}
−
* Dynar f/5.5 150mm  
 
−
* Triple Anastigmat f/7 150mm
 
  
−
===Version 2, 1908-28===
+
The early Helios lenses are housed in aluminium barrels. Reputedly, the serial numbers of the early Helios lenses are structured according to the following pattern:<ref>[http://forum.mflenses.com/a-word-about-russian-serial-numbers-t3332.html | A Word about Russian Serial Numbers]</ref><br>
−
The camera has a fold-up [[Viewfinder#Newton finder|Newton finder]] at the top left, which, when folded down, is flush with the casing. The top of the finder frame has a an apex, while the glass has  red cross-hairs etched in. The leather hand strap is at the right hand side of the body.
+
000xxxx factory test (study) models, prototypes etc..<br>
 +
00xxxxx models reserved for members of the communist party and other "VIPs" .<br>
 +
0xxxxxx reserved for factory syndicat leaders.
 +
All lenses with a '0', '00' and '000' prefix reputedly underwent higher quality control.
  
 +
Additional variations exist in the representation of the serial number prefixes. Observed have been <b>N</b> and <b>N&#186;</b>, whereby the 'N" appears on some of the earlier models.
 +
=====Helios 44 (Start)=====
 +
Mechanically, the Helios lens for the [[Start]] SLR differs from all other Helios-44 lenses inasmuch as the focussing ring is up front and the aperture selector at the rear. Moreover, the lens for the Start lacks the preset function of the other early models. Aperture selection with f-stops increasing in clockwise motion.
 +
*<b>Type 1</b>— f-stops to f/22; bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (<font color="red">Π</font>) in red, silver front bezel ring. Released 1958.<ref>Seen on eBay: sn/
 +
0005085 (with Start body #5904339); 
 +
0005292 (with Start body #6317417); 
 +
0014131; 
 +
0014167 (with Start body #6100790); 
 +
0016442 </ref>
  
−
&#8222;Alpin&#8221;  running script 30&deg; inclination, and Voigtländer with top swirl from the 'r' running script 30&deg; inclination
+
*<b>Type 2</b>— f-stops to f/16; bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by [[KMZ]] <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/
−
    Voigtar f/6.3 10.5cm <ref>Seen in an on-line auction, Yahoo Japan, October 2012</ref>
+
0043802 (with Start body #6388722);
−
    Heliar f/4.5 13.5cm in Compur (sn 189992) http://www.flickr.com/photos/bergheil/5845612450/
+
0051838
−
    Heliar f/4.5 13.5cm in Compur http://retronom.hu/node/22412
+
0052784 (with Start body #6120968);
−
    Heliar f/4.5 13.5cm (sn 169120) in Compur http://www.cinci.de/einzel/59.html
+
0057844 (with Start body #6112545); 
−
    Collinear III f/6.8 132mm in Compur eBay 270910952019 (February 2012)
+
0063978 (with Start body #6114645);  
−
    '''C'''ollinear III f/6.3 12cm in Compur http://camerascollection.blogspot.com.au/2011/03/voigtlander-alpin.html
+
0060810 (with Start body #6114785);
−
    '''K'''ollinear III f/6.8 132mm (sn 140305) in Compur http://www.cinci.de/einzel/101.html
+
0069922;
 +
0075924 (with Start body #6119536);  
 +
0101830 (with Start body #6315633);
 +
0121214 (with Start body #6226892);
 +
</ref>
  
−
   
+
=====Helios-44 ([[LTM]])=====
 +
Pre-set prime lens. The fixed lens stops have with audible clicks, while the stop-down ring (to check the depth of field) allows for a smooth contraction of the diaphragm. Aperture selection with f-stops increasing in counter-clockwise motion (differs from the Helios version used on the Start)..
 +
*<b>Type 1</b>—pre-set lens with f-stops to f/22; bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (<font color="red">Π</font>) in red, silver front bezel ring, sn 000xxxx–0017xxx. Initially used for the [[KMZ]][[Kristall_(KMZ) | Kristall]] released in 1961 and the [[KMZ]] [[Zenit 3M]].
 +
*<b>Type 2</b>— pre-set lens with f-stops to f/16
 +
:''Type 2a''—bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (<font color="red">Π</font>) in red, and a silver front bezel ring, sn 0016xxx <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0016709; 0018687, 0023907</ref>
  
−
====Lens options====
+
:''Type 2b''—bezel text "2/58"  and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by [[KMZ]]
−
The Alpin was offered in three focal ranges, 120mm, 135mm and 150mm, all set in [[Compound]] or [[Koilos]] shutters:
+
::Type 2bi— Cyrillic labelling, ring, sn 0073xxx– <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0068221; 0059418; 0158550; 0275085 </ref>
 +
::Type 2bii—Latin labelling
 +
::Type 2biii—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0120173 </ref>
  
−
'''105mm'''
+
:''Type 2c''—bezel text "2/58"  and  'black' front bezel ring, 13-blade diaphragm produced by [[KMZ]] until the late 1950s, sn –0225xxx
−
* Voigtar f/6.3 10.5cm<ref>Seen in an on-line auction, Yahoo Japan, October 2012</ref>
+
::Type 2ci— Cyrillic labelling<ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0030453, 0127713</ref>
−
WHAT IS THAT 105 version? not on record so far, local adapation? front standard has Alpin on it..would the 105 cover 9x12?
+
::Type 2cii—Latin labelling <ref>Photographica Collection Dirk HR Spennemann sn/0085902; 0205436</ref>
 +
::Type 2ciii—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. <ref > Seen on eBay: sn/0120173 </ref>
  
−
'''120mm'''
+
:''Type 2d''—bezel text "2/58"  and  'black' front bezel ring, 8-blade diaphragm, produced by [[KMZ]] until the late 1950s, sn 024447x–
−
* Collinear f/6.3 120mm
+
::Type 2di—Cyrillc labelling, <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/02887790 </ref>
−
* Dynar f/5.5 120mm
+
::Type 2di—Cyrillc labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0275083</ref>
−
* Triple Anastigmat f/7 120mm
+
::Type 2diIi—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/0254198, 0275083</ref>
−
  132mm ??
 
−
    Kollinear III 6.8/132mm
 
−
'''135mm'''
 
−
* Collinear f/6.3 135mm
 
−
**in Koilos<ref>''Catalogue Manufacture Français d'Armes et Cycles de Saint-Ètienne'' 1908, p. 587; 1909, p. 475; 1910, p. 526 (catalogue page depicted in the catalogue section of  the [http://www.collection-appareils.fr/x/html/page_standard.php?id_appareil=21124 Alpin entry] at Sylvain Halgand's site).</ref>
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 135mm
 
−
**in Koilos<ref>''Catalogue Manufacture Français d'Armes et Cycles de Saint-Ètienne'' 1908, p. 587; 1909, p. 475; 1910, p. 526 (catalogue page depicted in the catalogue section of  the [http://www.collection-appareils.fr/x/html/page_standard.php?id_appareil=21124 Alpin entry] at Sylvain Halgand's site).</ref>
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 135mm
 
−
* Triple Anastigmat f/7 135mm
 
−
'''150mm'''
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 150mm 
 
−
* Triple Anastigmat f/7 150mm
 
−
'''Varied'''
 
−
* Collinear Satzanastigmat with 6 different focal lengths
 
  
−
==10 x15 format==
+
:''Type 2e''—bezel text "2/58"  and  black front bezel ring, 8-blade diaphragm, produced by [[MMZ]] until the mid 1960s<ref>[[MMZ]] lenses with serial numbers beginning with "N40xxx", "N50xxx" or "N60xxx" were most likely made in 1964, 1965 and 1966 (first number of sn very likely stands for the year of 196x decade).</ref>
−
Soon after the introduction of the 9x12 model, Voigtländer realised that there was a market for a wider format, more suitable for landscapes and group photographs. In consequence, the 10 x 15 version was introduced.
+
::Type 2ei— Cyrillic labelling, sn 50xxxxx–60xxxxx <ref>Seen on eBay: sn/5011275 ; 5014399; 5038818</ref>
 +
::Type 2eii— Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR,' sn 50xxxxx–60xxxxx <ref >Seen on eBay: sn/6002494 (on [[Zenit]]3M); 6012651, 6024306.</ref>
  
−
10x15
+
=====Helios-44-2 ([[M42]])=====
−
  no text on front board
+
:<b>Type 1</b>— pre-set lens with bezel text "2/58"  and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by [[Valdai]]
−
  Collinear 1/6.3 / 16.5 cm in Compur  http://www.blende-und-zeit.sirutor-und-compur.de/thread.php?board=1&thread=5
+
::Type 1a— Cyrillic labelling<ref> Seen on eBay: sn/8708916</ref>
 +
::Type 1b— Latin labelling <ref> Seen on eBay: sn/79220381; 80003408; 81276436; 81293022</ref>
  
−
===Version 1, 1908-26===
+
:<b>Type 2</b>— pre-set lens with bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by [[MMZ]] <ref> Seen on eBay: sn/7654512.</ref>
−
====Lens options====
 
−
The camera was offered in three focal lengths, 165mm, 180mm and 210mm, all set in either [[Compound]] or [[Koilos]] shutters:
 
  
−
'''165mm'''
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 165mm 
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 165mm
 
−
'''180mm'''
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 180mm
 
−
'''210mm'''
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 210mm
 
−
'''Varied'''
 
−
** Collinear Satzanastigmat with 6 different focal lengths
 
  
−
===Version 2, 1926-28===
+
{|class=plainlinks align=center
−
====Lens options====
+
||
−
The camera was offered in three focal length, 165mm, 180mm and 210mm, all set in [[Compound]] or [[Koilos]] shutter:
+
{{Flickr_image
 +
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20429889789/in/pool-camerawiki
 +
|image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/689/20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
 +
|image_align= center
 +
|image_text=  
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 +
}}
 +
||
 +
{{Flickr_image
 +
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/19994020694/in/pool-camerawiki
 +
|image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/695/19994020694_8fcaa82d90_n.jpg
 +
|image_align= center
 +
|image_text=  
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 +
}}
 +
|| {{Flickr_image
 +
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/581/20623213781/in/pool-camerawiki
 +
|image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/581/20623213781_c08b944446_n.jpg
 +
|image_align= center
 +
|image_text=
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 +
}}
 +
|-
 +
|colspan=3 align="center"|
 +
{{Flickr_image_caption
 +
|image_text= [[KMZ]]-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm for [[Start]] SLR
 +
|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
 +
|image_rights= with permission
 +
}}
 +
|}
  
−
'''165mm'''
 
−
* Dynar f/5.5 165mm 
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 165mm
 
−
'''180mm'''
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 180mm
 
−
'''210mm'''
 
−
* [[Heliar]] f/4.5 210mm
 
−
'''Varied'''
 
−
** Collinear Satzanastigmat with 6 different focal lengths
 
  
−
==10x15 format Stereo==
+
{|class=plainlinks align=center
−
The stereo version became available in 1911 and was offered until the end of production in 1928. It came i two versions, the pure stereo and a three-lens version that allowed to take both stereo and panorama images.
+
||
 +
{{Flickr_image
 +
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20429889789/in/pool-camerawiki
 +
|image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/689/20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
 +
|image_align= center
 +
|image_text=
 +
|image_by=
 +
|image_rights=
 +
}}
 +
||
 +
{{Flickr_image
 +
|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/19994020694/in/pool-camerawiki
 +
|image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/695/19994020694_8fcaa82d90_n.jpg
 +
|image_align= center
 +
|image_text=
 +
|image_by=
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|image_text= [[KMZ]]-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm Type 2cii
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|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
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|image_rights= with permission
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Double Lens<br>
 
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Two Collinear f/6.3 105mm in Stereo Compur shutter for the stereo option
 
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Triple Lens:<br>
 
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Two Collinear f/6.3 105mm in Stereo Compur shutter for the stereo option and a centrally located Collinear f/6.8 150mm for the Panorama option.<ref>[http://www.icollector.com/Voigtlnder-Alpin-Stereo-um-1911_i178262 Auktion Team Köln April 2002 Lot 831]</ref>
 
  
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==Advertisements==
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|image_text= Lens Bezel Type ¶¶¶
  
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|image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/695/19994020694_8fcaa82d90_n.jpg
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|image_text= Lens Bezel Type ¶¶¶
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|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/581/20451767028/in/pool-camerawiki
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|image=http://farm1.staticflickr.com/767/20451767028_98f84a5c7b_n.jpg
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|image_align= center
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|image_text=Lens Bezel Type 2cii
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|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
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|image_rights= with permission
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|image_text= Lens Bezel inscriptions of [[KMZ]]-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm
  
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==Notes and References==
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<references />
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==Sample Images==
  
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==Links==
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{|class=plainlinks align=center
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*[http://www.ukcamera.com/classic_cameras/voigt21.htm Alpin] at ukcamera [http://www.ukcamera.com]
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*[http://www.h3.dion.ne.jp/~bergheil/ClassicCameras/alpin01.html Alpin] at Japanese site [http://www.h3.dion.ne.jp/~bergheil/ClassicCamera_top.html]
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{{Flickr_image
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*[http://www.collection-appareils.fr/x/html/page_standard.php?id_appareil=21124 Alpin] at Sylvain Halgand's site
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|image_source= http://www.flickr.com/photos/heritagefutures/20606641325/in/pool-camerawiki
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|image= http://farm1.staticflickr.com/584/20606641325_a2c6f4d60e_n.jpg
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|image_text= 'Pink on Grey'
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|image= http://farm1.staticflickr.com/650/20128647773_ebf22d02ec_n.jpg
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|image_text='E'
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|image= http://farm1.staticflickr.com/634/20127285274_2052eff246_n.jpg
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|image_text= Gum Nuts
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|image_rights=  
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{{Flickr_image_caption
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|image_text= Sample images taken with a Helios-44 Type Type 2cii mounted on a Nikon D800
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|image_by= Dirk HR Spennemann
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|image_rights= with permission
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}}
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|}
  
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==Notes==
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<references />
  
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====Bibliography====
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Машиностроение (1968) Каталог "Любительская фотокиноаппаратура" (Katalog Photokinoapparatura) Moscow: Машиностроение pp. 232–234
  
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[[Category:1906-1910]]
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====Links====
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[[Category:German 9x12 folding]]
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*[http://www.zenitcamera.com/archive/lenses/helios-44.html  KMZ Original description and technical specifications of the Helios 44].
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[[Category:German 10x15 folding]]
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*[http://www.photohistory.ru/ Photohistory  of the Helios 44]
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[[Category:Voigtländer|Alpin]]
 
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[[Category:A]]
 
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[[Category:Topography]]
 

Latest revision as of 12:40, 12 September 2015

Helios 44

20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
Lens schematic of the Helios-44 f/2 58mm
image by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)


Helios-44 (Гелиос-44) is a series of standard lenses for SLR cameras, produced from 1949? until 1992 (2001?) in the Soviet Union by KMZ, MMZ, and by Valdai. The Helios-44 is it is considered to be one of most mass-produced lenses in the world. The lens is based on the Carl Zeiss Biotar f/2 58mm design.[1] The Helios-44 f/2 58mm is a 6-element anastigmat, which over the duration of its production was available in both single-coated and multi-coated versions. Helios-44 is has a strong aberration at the margins, resulting in a characteristic 'swirl' which is reminiscent of Petzval lenses.

The nomenclature of all bar the first (silver-cased) Helios lenses follows the formula 'Helios-44X-N', where X -is the index of lens mount (M for M42 thread, K for Pentax K bayonet, Д for Zenit-D bayonet) and N is a optical resolution index 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (the higher number the higher is an optical resolution of lens).


Technical Specifications

Focal Distance: 58mm (may vary in reality).
Aperture Range: ƒ/2 - ƒ/16 (ƒ/22)
Optical Formula: 6 elements in 4 groups.
Angle of View: 40°28
Geometric Vignetting: 58%



The arrangement of the focussing helicoid as well as the aperture selector ring differs between models. In the table below, the arrow ← indicates the direction the aperture control ring needs to be turned to increase the ƒ-stops.



Model

Maker		 Lens
Mount

Weight		 Number of
Aperture
Blades		 Minimum
Focusing
Distance
Maximum
Aperture
Filter
Diameter		 Resolution
center/edge
lines/mm
Trans-
mittance
Color
Formula
Sequence
(from lens face)

References
Helios-44 (Start) KMZ Start 230g 13 0.7m ƒ/16 M40.5x0.5 35/14 .81 10-0-1.5 focus, ƒ←
Helios-44 KMZ LTM 230g 13 0.5m ƒ/22
ƒ/16		 M49.5x0.75 35/14 ƒ→ , DoF, focus [2]
KMZ Arri PL 230g 13 0.5m ƒ/22
ƒ/16		 M49.5x0.75 ƒ→ , DoF, focus
KMZ LTM 230g 8 0.5m ƒ/22
ƒ/16		 M49.5x0.75 ƒ→ , DoF, focus
MMZ LTM ¶g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 M49x0.75 ƒ→ , focus [3]
Helios-44-2 KMZ M42 230g 13 0.5m ƒ/16 M49x0.75 38/20 0.82 10-0-1.5 ƒ→ , focus [4]
Helios-44-7 KMZ M42 350g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 M49x0.75 36/17 0.80 10-0-1.5
Helios-44-M KMZ M42 ¶g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 focus, ƒ→
Helios-44M-3 KMZ M42 300g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 38/19 0.80 10-0-1.5 ƒ→ , focus
Helios-44M-4 KMZ M42 300g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 38/19 0.80 10-0-1.5 focus, ƒ→
Helios-44-N KMZ M42 ¶g 8 0.5m ƒ/16
Helios-44X-N KMZ M42 ¶g 6 0.5m ƒ/16 M52x0.75
MC Helios-44K-4 KMZ Pentax K 300g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 42/21 0.85 11-0-0 focus, ƒ→
MC Helios-44M-3 KMZ M42 300g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 0.85 11-0-0 ƒ→ , focus
MC Helios-44M-4 KMZ M42 300g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 41/20 0.85 11-0-0
MC Helios-44M-5 KMZ M42 270g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 41/20 0.85 11-0-0 focus, ƒ→
MC Helios-44M-6 KMZ M42 270g 8 0.5m ƒ/16 45/25 0.90 11-0-0 focus, ƒ→
MC Helios-44M-7 KMZ M42 270g 6 0.5m ƒ/16 M52x0.75 50/30 0.90 11-0-0 focus, ƒ→

Typology of the silver-barrelled Helios-44 lenses (early versions)

20622183195_3fca4835a3_n.jpg
Lens schematic of the Helios-44 f/2 58mm
image by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)

The early Helios lenses are housed in aluminium barrels. Reputedly, the serial numbers of the early Helios lenses are structured according to the following pattern:[5]
000xxxx factory test (study) models, prototypes etc..
00xxxxx models reserved for members of the communist party and other "VIPs" .
0xxxxxx reserved for factory syndicat leaders. All lenses with a '0', '00' and '000' prefix reputedly underwent higher quality control.

Additional variations exist in the representation of the serial number prefixes. Observed have been N and Nº, whereby the 'N" appears on some of the earlier models.

Helios 44 (Start)

Mechanically, the Helios lens for the Start SLR differs from all other Helios-44 lenses inasmuch as the focussing ring is up front and the aperture selector at the rear. Moreover, the lens for the Start lacks the preset function of the other early models. Aperture selection with f-stops increasing in clockwise motion.

  • Type 1— f-stops to f/22; bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (Π) in red, silver front bezel ring. Released 1958.[6]
  • Type 2— f-stops to f/16; bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by KMZ [7]
Helios-44 (LTM)

Pre-set prime lens. The fixed lens stops have with audible clicks, while the stop-down ring (to check the depth of field) allows for a smooth contraction of the diaphragm. Aperture selection with f-stops increasing in counter-clockwise motion (differs from the Helios version used on the Start)..

  • Type 1—pre-set lens with f-stops to f/22; bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (Π) in red, silver front bezel ring, sn 000xxxx–0017xxx. Initially used for the KMZ Kristall released in 1961 and the KMZ Zenit 3M.
  • Type 2— pre-set lens with f-stops to f/16
Type 2a—bezel text that spells out '1:2 F=5,8cm' with a Cyrillic P (Π) in red, and a silver front bezel ring, sn 0016xxx [8]
Type 2b—bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by KMZ
Type 2bi— Cyrillic labelling, ring, sn 0073xxx– [9]
Type 2bii—Latin labelling
Type 2biii—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. [10]
Type 2c—bezel text "2/58" and 'black' front bezel ring, 13-blade diaphragm produced by KMZ until the late 1950s, sn –0225xxx
Type 2ci— Cyrillic labelling[11]
Type 2cii—Latin labelling [12]
Type 2ciii—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. [13]
Type 2d—bezel text "2/58" and 'black' front bezel ring, 8-blade diaphragm, produced by KMZ until the late 1950s, sn 024447x–
Type 2di—Cyrillc labelling, [14]
Type 2di—Cyrillc labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. [15]
Type 2diIi—Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'. [16]
Type 2e—bezel text "2/58" and black front bezel ring, 8-blade diaphragm, produced by MMZ until the mid 1960s[17]
Type 2ei— Cyrillic labelling, sn 50xxxxx–60xxxxx [18]
Type 2eii— Latin labelling, engraved "Made in USSR,' sn 50xxxxx–60xxxxx [19]
Helios-44-2 (M42)
Type 1— pre-set lens with bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by Valdai
Type 1a— Cyrillic labelling[20]
Type 1b— Latin labelling [21]
Type 2— pre-set lens with bezel text "2/58" and the 'silver' front bezel ring produced by MMZ [22]


20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
19994020694_8fcaa82d90_n.jpg
20623213781_c08b944446_n.jpg

KMZ-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm for Start SLR
images by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)


20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
19994020694_8fcaa82d90_n.jpg
20623213781_c08b944446_n.jpg

KMZ-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm Type 2cii
images by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)


20429889789_0e5c0242f4_n.jpg
Lens Bezel Type ¶¶¶
19994020694_8fcaa82d90_n.jpg
Lens Bezel Type ¶¶¶
20451767028_98f84a5c7b_n.jpg
Lens Bezel Type 2cii
image by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)

Lens Bezel inscriptions of KMZ-produced Helios-44 f/2 58mm


Sample Images

20606641325_a2c6f4d60e_n.jpg
'Pink on Grey'
20128647773_ebf22d02ec_n.jpg
'E'
20127285274_2052eff246_n.jpg
Gum Nuts

Sample images taken with a Helios-44 Type Type 2cii mounted on a Nikon D800
images by Dirk HR Spennemann (Image rights)

Notes

  1. ↑ At the beginning the lens was to be called "БТК" - "БиоТар Красногорский" (BioTar Krasnogorski).
  2. ↑ For photo series see discussion thread for this image
  3. ↑ Seen on eBay sn/6012651, English labelling, engraved "Made in USSR'.
  4. ↑ Manufactured from 1971 by KMZ and MMZ, in 1974 production moved to Jupiter Optics Valdai, in 1982/83 production moved back to to MMZ
  5. ↑ | A Word about Russian Serial Numbers
  6. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/ 0005085 (with Start body #5904339); 0005292 (with Start body #6317417); 0014131; 0014167 (with Start body #6100790); 0016442
  7. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/ 0043802 (with Start body #6388722); 0051838 0052784 (with Start body #6120968); 0057844 (with Start body #6112545); 0063978 (with Start body #6114645); 0060810 (with Start body #6114785); 0069922; 0075924 (with Start body #6119536); 0101830 (with Start body #6315633); 0121214 (with Start body #6226892);
  8. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0016709; 0018687, 0023907
  9. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0068221; 0059418; 0158550; 0275085
  10. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0120173
  11. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0030453, 0127713
  12. ↑ Photographica Collection Dirk HR Spennemann sn/0085902; 0205436
  13. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0120173
  14. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/02887790
  15. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0275083
  16. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/0254198, 0275083
  17. ↑ MMZ lenses with serial numbers beginning with "N40xxx", "N50xxx" or "N60xxx" were most likely made in 1964, 1965 and 1966 (first number of sn very likely stands for the year of 196x decade).
  18. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/5011275 ; 5014399; 5038818
  19. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/6002494 (on Zenit3M); 6012651, 6024306.
  20. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/8708916
  21. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/79220381; 80003408; 81276436; 81293022
  22. ↑ Seen on eBay: sn/7654512.

Bibliography

Машиностроение (1968) Каталог "Любительская фотокиноаппаратура" (Katalog Photokinoapparatura) Moscow: Машиностроение pp. 232–234

Links

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