Difference between revisions of "Condor Camera"

From Camera-wiki.org
Jump to: navigation, search
m (→‎Printed bibliography: cats)
(many surprising connections made, from Motodori to Condor via Nissan Kogaku and Tokyo Seiki)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
'''Nissan Kōgaku Kōgyō-sha''' (日産光學工業社) is a Japanese company that produced the [[Condor folders]] from 1939. Its name appears in 1939 advertisements for the Semi Condor and Condor Six<REF> {{Showa10ad|Semi Condor and Condor Six|115&ndash;6|Aug 1939 and Sep 1939|Asahi Camera}} </REF>. ("Nissan" is the same as that in Nissan Motor; it is an acronym meaning "manufactured in Japan".) The address was Tōkyō-shi Hongō-ku Yushima-Tenjin-chō 1-chōme 105 (東京市本郷區湯島天神町一丁目一〇五). Later advertisements from 1940 or 1941<REF> {{Showa10ad|Semi Condor and New Semi Condor|114|August 1940|Asahi Camera}}&mdash;{{Showa10ad|New Semi Condor|114|Jan 1941|Asahi Camera}} </REF> show the company name '''Condor Camera Works''', written in Roman letters. It was also based in Tokyo, and its full address seems different.
+
This page traces the history of a Japanese company which took many different names from Motodori to Condor Camera.
  
−
{{McKeown}} also mentions and pictures a Centre Six 6&times;6 horizontal folder under the "Nissan Kogaku" entry. Indeed the lens is written ''CENTRE ACHROMAT'' and ''NISSAN KOGAKU''.
+
== Prewar history ==
 +
The company's first records are advertisements dated 1937, showing the name '''Motodori Shashin Kikai Kōgyō-sho''' (本鳥寫眞機械工業所). The company was based in Tokyo and made the [[Semi Lester]] and the [[Victor folders|Victor]], both 4.5&times;6 [[Baldax]] copies.<REF> Advertisements dated 1937, reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;84 for the Victor, p.&nbsp;104 for the Semi Lester. The exact address was not mentioned. </REF>
  
−
In the 1950s, a [[Condor (35mm)|Condor]] 35mm rangefinder camera, styled after the [[Nikon S2]], is attributed by various sources<REF> Such as {{McKeown}}, [http://www.ajcc.gr.jp/sub1.26.htm this page] of the [http://www.ajcc.gr.jp/ AJCC] and [http://asacame.fc2web.com/hsp35rfdaz/rfd35c.htm this page] at [http://asacame.fc2web.com/ Asacame]. </REF> to a company called '''Condor Camera'''. Moreover, the names Delta and Deller observed on one example of these cameras are very similar to the lens name (デルター, maybe Deltar) of the Condor folders. It is probable that the company is the same.
+
In 1938, the company was using the name '''Victor Camera Works''' (ビクターカメラ・ウオークス) and continued producing cameras called Victor.<REF> Advertisement dated June 1938 reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;85. The address was Tōkyō, Toshima office, PO box n°2 (東京豊島局私書函第2號). </REF>
 +
 
 +
In 1939, it was known as '''Nissan Kōgaku Kōgyō-sha''' (日産光學工業社) and made the [[Victor folders|Semi Victor and Victor Six]], that became the [[Condor folders]] at the middle of the year.<REF> Advertisements dated 1939, reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;84 for the Victor folders, p.&nbsp;73 for the Condor folders. The address was Tōkyō-shi Hongō-ku Yushima-Tenjin-chō 1-chōme 105 (東京市本郷区湯島天神町一丁目一〇五). </REF>. ("Nissan" is the same as that in Nissan Motor; it is an acronym meaning "manufactured in Japan".)
 +
 
 +
In 1940 and 1941, it was using the name '''Condor Camera Works''', written in Roman letters in the advertisements, and continued producing the Condor line.<REF> Advertisements dated 1940 and 1941, reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;72. The address was again Tōkyō, Toshima office, PO box n°2 (東京豊島局私書函第2號), the same postal box that was associated with the name Victor Camera Works. </REF>  
 +
 
 +
It is suspected that the English-styled names Victor Camera Works and Condor Camera Works only appeared for commercial purposes and that the official names of the company were first Motodori and later Nissan Kōgaku.
 +
 
 +
The Condor folders were advertised until 1942. {{McKeown}} still mentions and pictures a Centre Six 6&times;6 horizontal folder under the "Nissan Kogaku" entry, with ''CENTRE ACHROMAT'' and ''NISSAN KOGAKU'' lens markings.
 +
 
 +
== Postwar history ==
 +
After the war, the company was revived as '''Tōkyō Seiki K.K.''' (東京精機株式会社).<REF> {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;374, about the Semi Rocket. </REF> It announced the [[Semi Rocket]] 4.5&times;6 folder in 1951 and 1952 and made the New Rocket hit-type camera at an unknown date.<REF> Semi Rocket: {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;374. New Rocket: McKeown, p.&nbsp;844. </REF> From 1952, it made another 4.5&times;6 folder called [[Doris (4.5&times;6)|Doris]]. It is said that the camera was named after its maker, Mr Motodori (本鳥), presumably the founder of the company: "Dori's camera", thus "Doris".<REF> Niimi, p. 92. </REF> (The name "Doris" had already been used before the war on two 3&times;4 camera models, distributed by [[Fukada Shōkai]] and sometimes attributed to [[Prince|Prince Camera Works]]. Perhaps these cameras were also made by Motodori / Nissan.<REF> Attribution to Prince Camera Works: McKeown, p.&nbsp;803. </REF>)
 +
 
 +
By 1955, the company had been renamed '''Doris Camera K.K.''' (ドリスカメラ株式会社), keeping the same address.<REF> The address was Tōkyō-to Itabashi-ku Tokiwadai 1, 16 (東京都板橋区常盤台1の16). Source: advertisements reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.&nbsp;153, marked Tōkyō Seiki in 1952 and Doris Camera in 1955. </REF> The range of models was extended with the [[Dorisflex]] TLR and the [[Doris Six]] 6&times;6 folder.
 +
 
 +
In 1957, the company had changed its name again to '''Condor Camera K.K.''' (コンドルカメラ株式会社), using the Condor name again. The address was still the same.<REF> Advertisement dated 1957, reproduced in {{Kokusan}}. </REF> It made a 35mm rangefinder camera called [[Condor (35mm)|Condor]]<REF> The brand names Delta and Deller used on the lenses and shutters also remind the ones used by the company before the war on the Condor folders (デルター lens name). </REF>, externally a close copy of the [[Nikon S2]]. The internals of the two cameras are very different: the Condor has a leaf-shutter and a fixed lens while the Nikon has a focal plane shutter and a bayonet mount. It seems that this camera soon caused a controversy with [[Nikon|Nippon Kōgaku]] and that the company was forced to alter the design, that became the Condor 2S, V2 and IIIS. The last reference found to the Condor is dated 1959.
 +
 
 +
== 4.5&times;6 folders ==
 +
* [[Doris (4.5&times;6)|Semi Rocket]]
 +
* [[Doris (4.5&times;6)|Doris]]
 +
* [[Doris (4.5&times;6)|Doris-P]]
 +
* [[Doris (4.5&times;6)|Doris IA]]
 +
 
 +
== 6&times;6 folders ==
 +
* [[Doris Six]]
 +
 
 +
== 6&times;6 TLR ==
 +
* [[Dorisflex]]
 +
* [[Dorisflex|Dorisflex A]]
 +
 
 +
== 35mm ==
 +
* [[Condor (35mm)|Condor]]
 +
* [[Condor (35mm)|Condor 2S]]
 +
* [[Condor (35mm)|Condor V2]]
 +
* [[Condor (35mm)|Condor IIIS]]
 +
* [[Condor (35mm)|Rafuray]]
 +
 
 +
== Hit camera ==
 +
* New Rocket
  
 
== Notes ==
 
== Notes ==
 
<references />
 
<references />
  
−
== Printed bibliography ==
+
== Bibliography ==
−
* {{McKeown12|211}}
+
* {{Showa10}}
 +
* {{McKeown12}} P.&nbsp;211, 250, 844, 927&ndash;8.
 +
* Niimi Kahee (新見嘉兵衛). ''Kamera-mei no gogen sanpo'' (カメラ名の語源散歩, Strolls in the etymology of camera names). 2nd ed. Tokyo: Shashin Kōgyō Shuppansha, 2002. ISBN 4-87956-060-X
 +
 
 +
== Links ==
 +
In English:
 +
* Discussion about Doris within [http://www.tlr-cameras.com/Japanese/index.html this Japanese miscellanea page] at [http://www.tlr-cameras.com/ tlr-cameras.com]
  
 
[[Category: Japanese camera makers]]
 
[[Category: Japanese camera makers]]

Revision as of 12:36, 26 October 2006

This page traces the history of a Japanese company which took many different names from Motodori to Condor Camera.

Prewar history

The company's first records are advertisements dated 1937, showing the name Motodori Shashin Kikai Kōgyō-sho (本鳥寫眞機械工業所). The company was based in Tokyo and made the Semi Lester and the Victor, both 4.5×6 Baldax copies.[1]

In 1938, the company was using the name Victor Camera Works (ビクターカメラ・ウオークス) and continued producing cameras called Victor.[2]

In 1939, it was known as Nissan Kōgaku Kōgyō-sha (日産光學工業社) and made the Semi Victor and Victor Six, that became the Condor folders at the middle of the year.[3]. ("Nissan" is the same as that in Nissan Motor; it is an acronym meaning "manufactured in Japan".)

In 1940 and 1941, it was using the name Condor Camera Works, written in Roman letters in the advertisements, and continued producing the Condor line.[4]

It is suspected that the English-styled names Victor Camera Works and Condor Camera Works only appeared for commercial purposes and that the official names of the company were first Motodori and later Nissan Kōgaku.

The Condor folders were advertised until 1942. McKeown still mentions and pictures a Centre Six 6×6 horizontal folder under the "Nissan Kogaku" entry, with CENTRE ACHROMAT and NISSAN KOGAKU lens markings.

Postwar history

After the war, the company was revived as Tōkyō Seiki K.K. (東京精機株式会社).[5] It announced the Semi Rocket 4.5×6 folder in 1951 and 1952 and made the New Rocket hit-type camera at an unknown date.[6] From 1952, it made another 4.5×6 folder called Doris. It is said that the camera was named after its maker, Mr Motodori (本鳥), presumably the founder of the company: "Dori's camera", thus "Doris".[7] (The name "Doris" had already been used before the war on two 3×4 camera models, distributed by Fukada Shōkai and sometimes attributed to Prince Camera Works. Perhaps these cameras were also made by Motodori / Nissan.[8])

By 1955, the company had been renamed Doris Camera K.K. (ドリスカメラ株式会社), keeping the same address.[9] The range of models was extended with the Dorisflex TLR and the Doris Six 6×6 folder.

In 1957, the company had changed its name again to Condor Camera K.K. (コンドルカメラ株式会社), using the Condor name again. The address was still the same.[10] It made a 35mm rangefinder camera called Condor[11], externally a close copy of the Nikon S2. The internals of the two cameras are very different: the Condor has a leaf-shutter and a fixed lens while the Nikon has a focal plane shutter and a bayonet mount. It seems that this camera soon caused a controversy with Nippon Kōgaku and that the company was forced to alter the design, that became the Condor 2S, V2 and IIIS. The last reference found to the Condor is dated 1959.

4.5×6 folders

6×6 folders

6×6 TLR

35mm

Hit camera

  • New Rocket

Notes

  1. ↑ Advertisements dated 1937, reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p. 84 for the Victor, p. 104 for the Semi Lester. The exact address was not mentioned.
  2. ↑ Advertisement dated June 1938 reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p. 85. The address was Tōkyō, Toshima office, PO box n°2 (東京豊島局私書函第2號).
  3. ↑ Advertisements dated 1939, reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p. 84 for the Victor folders, p. 73 for the Condor folders. The address was Tōkyō-shi Hongō-ku Yushima-Tenjin-chō 1-chōme 105 (東京市本郷区湯島天神町一丁目一〇五).
  4. ↑ Advertisements dated 1940 and 1941, reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p. 72. The address was again Tōkyō, Toshima office, PO box n°2 (東京豊島局私書函第2號), the same postal box that was associated with the name Victor Camera Works.
  5. ↑ Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p. 374, about the Semi Rocket.
  6. ↑ Semi Rocket: Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p. 374. New Rocket: McKeown, p. 844.
  7. ↑ Niimi, p. 92.
  8. ↑ Attribution to Prince Camera Works: McKeown, p. 803.
  9. ↑ The address was Tōkyō-to Itabashi-ku Tokiwadai 1, 16 (東京都板橋区常盤台1の16). Source: advertisements reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi, p. 153, marked Tōkyō Seiki in 1952 and Doris Camera in 1955.
  10. ↑ Advertisement dated 1957, reproduced in Kokusan kamera no rekishi.
  11. ↑ The brand names Delta and Deller used on the lenses and shutters also remind the ones used by the company before the war on the Condor folders (デルター lens name).

Bibliography

  • Asahi Camera (アサヒカメラ) editorial staff. Shōwa 10–40nen kōkoku ni miru kokusan kamera no rekishi (昭和10–40年広告にみる国産カメラの歴史, Japanese camera history as seen in advertisements, 1935–1965). Tokyo: Asahi Shinbunsha, 1994. ISBN 4-02-330312-7.
  • McKeown, James M. and Joan C. McKeown's Price Guide to Antique and Classic Cameras, 12th Edition, 2005-2006. USA, Centennial Photo Service, 2004. ISBN 0-931838-40-1 (hardcover). ISBN 0-931838-41-X (softcover). P. 211, 250, 844, 927–8.
  • Niimi Kahee (新見嘉兵衛). Kamera-mei no gogen sanpo (カメラ名の語源散歩, Strolls in the etymology of camera names). 2nd ed. Tokyo: Shashin Kōgyō Shuppansha, 2002. ISBN 4-87956-060-X

Links

In English:

Retrieved from "http://camera-wiki.org/index.php?title=Condor_Camera&oldid=12662"