Difference between revisions of "Stereflektoskop"

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[[Voigtländer]] made a series of cameras called '''Stereflektoskop''' between 1914 and 1937.<ref name=McK>{{McKeown12}} p961-2.</ref> As the name suggests, they are stereo cameras with reflex viewfinders; they are an improvement on the [[Sterephotoskop]] cameras, made from 1905-26 (i.e. overlapping with these) which have only a ''non-focusing'' reflex finder. They are designed for plates, which in examples seen are in a rapid-changing magazine back. However, as with the later Franke & Heidecke [[Heidoscop]] (a copy of this camera) the Stereflektoskop can be used with a film pack holder.<ref name=FPA1>[http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/5382893 1914 45×107 mm Stereflektoskop] with a film pack adapter (rear view only is shown); a lot in an auctin in June 2008 by [http://www.tamarkin.com/ Tamarkin Photographica] in Woodbridge, Connecticut.</ref><ref name=FPA2>[http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/2561030 1928 6×13 cm Stereflektoskop] with a film pack adapter; a lot in an auction in October 2006 by [http://www.kaminskiauctions.com/ Kaminski Auctions] in Beverly, Massachusetts.</ref> Some examples have been seen with a roll film back.<ref name=RFB1>[http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/2453760 1936 6×13 cm Stereflektoskop] with a roll film back; a lot in an auction in September 2006 by [http://www.liveauctioneers.com/auctioneer/auctionteambreker Auction Team Breker] in Cologne.</ref><ref name=RFB2>[http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/1715517 1928 6×13 cm Stereflektoskop] with a third-party roll film back; a lot in an auction in March 2006 by Auction Team Breker in Cologne.</ref><ref name=RFB3>[http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/889143 1928 6×13 cm Stereflektoskop] with a custom-fitted third-party roll film back; a lot in an auction in April 2005 by Auction Team Breker in Cologne.</ref> Some of these have required some work to fit, however, perhaps suggesting that Voigtländer did not supply such a back themselves. Certainly (and unlike Franke & Heidecke, with the [[Rolleidoscop]]), Voigtländer did not make a version of their camera ''dedicated'' to roll film.
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[[Voigtländer]] made a series of cameras called '''Stereflektoskop''' between 1914 and 1937.<ref name=McK>{{McKeown12}} p961-2.</ref> As the name suggests, it is a stereo camera with a reflex ground-glass viewfinder. They are an improvement on the [[Sterephotoskop]] cameras, made from 1905-26 (i.e. overlapping with these) which have only a ''non-focusing'' reflex finder. They are designed for plates, which in most examples seen are in a rapid-changing magazine back. However, as with the later Franke & Heidecke [[Heidoscop]] (a copy of this camera) the Stereflektoskop can be used with a film pack holder.<ref name=FPA1>[http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/5382893 1914 45×107 mm Stereflektoskop] with a film pack adapter (rear view only is shown); a lot in an auctin in June 2008 by [http://www.tamarkin.com/ Tamarkin Photographica] in Woodbridge, Connecticut.</ref><ref name=FPA2>[http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/2561030 1928 6×13 cm Stereflektoskop] with a film pack adapter; a lot in an auction in October 2006 by [http://www.kaminskiauctions.com/ Kaminski Auctions] in Beverly, Massachusetts.</ref> Some examples have been seen with a roll film back.<ref name=RFB1>[http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/2453760 1936 6×13 cm Stereflektoskop] with a roll film back; a lot in an auction in September 2006 by [http://www.liveauctioneers.com/auctioneer/auctionteambreker Auction Team Breker] in Cologne.</ref><ref name=RFB2>[http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/1715517 1928 6×13 cm Stereflektoskop] with a third-party roll film back; a lot in an auction in March 2006 by Auction Team Breker in Cologne.</ref><ref name=RFB3>[http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/889143 1928 6×13 cm Stereflektoskop] with a custom-fitted third-party roll film back; a lot in an auction in April 2005 by Auction Team Breker in Cologne.</ref> Some of these have required some work to fit, however, perhaps suggesting that Voigtländer did not supply such a back themselves. Certainly (and unlike Franke & Heidecke, with the [[Rolleidoscop]]), Voigtländer did not make a version of their camera ''dedicated'' to roll film.
  
All models of the Stereflektokop have a rising and falling front; the lens plate simply slides up under finger pressure. By capping one lens at a time, it is also possible to make single (i.e. not stereo) exposures.
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The first cameras (in the smaller of the two formats) have Voigtländer shutters; after that, all models have Stereo-Compur shutters giving speeds from 1 second to 1/100 second, plus 'B'.<ref name=EP>[http://www.earlyphotography.co.uk/site/entry_C310.html 1925 6×13 cm Stereflektoskop] at [http://www.earlyphotography.co.uk/index.html Early Photography].</ref>
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Focusing is by a knob on the right hand side of the body. All models of the Stereflektokop have a rising and falling front; the lens plate simply slides up under finger pressure.  Most (perhaps all) of the models have a loupe built into the focusing hood. By capping one lens at a time, it is also possible to make single (i.e. not stereo) exposures.  
  
 
Stereflektoscop cameras were made in two sizes:
 
Stereflektoscop cameras were made in two sizes:
* '''45×107 mm''' plates (for stereo pairs of 4×4 cm images), usually in a magazine back. These cameras have the viewing lens placed centrally between the taking lenses. In addition to the reflex finder, there is a folding optical finder (apparently a [[Viewfinder#Watson finders|Watson]] type, with a single negative lens) on the side.
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* '''45×107 mm''' plates (for stereo pairs of 4×4 cm images), usually in a magazine back. These cameras have the viewing lens placed centrally between the taking lenses.  
** 1914 model: with 62 mm f/4.5 Heliar taking lenses, un-named viewing lens, and Voigtländer shutter.<ref name=FPA1></ref> Early examples may have shutter speeds from 3 seconds to 1/300 second. Later ones have 1 second to 1/250 second, plus 'B'.<ref name=McK></ref>
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** 1914 model: with 62 mm f/4.5 Heliar taking lenses, un-named viewing lens, and Voigtländer shutter.<ref name=FPA1></ref> Early examples may have shutter speeds from 3 seconds to 1/300 second. Later ones have 1 second to 1/250 second, plus 'B'.<ref name=McK></ref> On this model, the shutter speed is set with a knob on the left of the body, and aperture with a ring around the viewing lens. In addition to the reflex finder, there is a folding optical finder (apparently a [[Viewfinder#Watson finders|Watson]] type, with a single negative lens) on the side.
** 1923 model: with 65 mm f/4.5 Heliar taking ''and'' viewing lenses (i.e. three lenses the same), and Stereo-Compur shutter with speeds 1 - 1/250 second, plus 'B'.<ref>[http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/5255243 1923 45×107 mm Stereflektoskop]; a lot in an auction in June 2008 by [http://westlicht-auction.com/ Westlicht Photographica Auction] in Vienna. Photos show the camera, magazine back and a close-up of the lenses.</ref><ref>[http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/2453721 1923 45×107 mm Stereflektoskop]; a lot in an auction in September 2006 by [http://www.liveauctioneers.com/auctioneer/auctionteambreker Auction Team Breker] in Cologne. The viewfinder hood on this example appears to have been turned round: McKeown states that it hinges at the back in the first two models.</ref>
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** 1923 model: with 65 mm f/4.5 Heliar taking ''and'' viewing lenses (i.e. three lenses the same), and Stereo-Compur shutter with speeds 1 - 1/100 second, plus 'B'.<ref>[http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/5255243 1923 45×107 mm Stereflektoskop]; a lot in an auction in June 2008 by [http://westlicht-auction.com/ Westlicht Photographica Auction] in Vienna. Photos show the camera, magazine back and a close-up of the lenses.</ref><ref>[http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/2453721 1923 45×107 mm Stereflektoskop]; a lot in an auction in September 2006 by [http://www.liveauctioneers.com/auctioneer/auctionteambreker Auction Team Breker] in Cologne. The viewfinder hood on this example appears to have been turned round: McKeown states that it hinges at the back in the first two models.</ref> The shutter speed control is now a dial on the lens board (like any dial-set Compur).
** 1929 model: with three 60 mm f/4.5 Heliar lenses and Stereo-Compur shutter. There is now a folding wire-frame finder mounted on the lid of the folding reflex finder hood, instead of the optical finder on the side.<ref>[http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/8777338 1929 45×107 mm Stereflektoskop]; a lot in an auction in September 2006 by [http://www.liveauctioneers.com/auctioneer/auctionteambreker Auction Team Breker] in Cologne.</ref> The camera now has strap lugs on the top.
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** 1929 model: with three 60 mm f/4.5 Heliar lenses and Stereo-Compur shutter. There is now a folding wire-frame finder mounted on the lid of the folding reflex finder hood, instead of the optical finder on the side.<ref>[http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/8777338 1929 45×107 mm Stereflektoskop]; a lot in an auction in September 2006 by [http://www.liveauctioneers.com/auctioneer/auctionteambreker Auction Team Breker] in Cologne.</ref> The camera now has strap lugs on the top.
* '''6×13 cm''' plates (for stereo pairs of images presumably 2¼ inches square, i.e. slightly less than 6 cm) in a magazine.
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* '''6×13 cm''' plates (for stereo pairs of images presumably 2¼ inches square, i.e. slightly less than 6 cm) in a magazine. On all models in this size, the shutter speed control is a dial at the top left of the lens board (the ''user's'' left, from behind the camera), and the aperture is set with a similar dial in the top right.
** 1925 model: with 85 mm f/4.5 Heliar taking lenses, and a ''65'' mm f/4.5 Heliar viewing lens, a little above the taking lenses. This model has no wire-frame finder. It does have strap lugs.
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** 1925 model: with 85 mm f/4.5 Heliar taking lenses, and a ''65'' mm f/4.5 Heliar viewing lens, a little above the taking lenses. This model has no wire-frame finder. It does have strap lugs.<ref name=EP></ref>
 
** 1928 model: with three 75 mm f/4.5 Heliar lenses. The viewing lens is now centrally between the taking lenses, as on the smaller models. The camera now has a wire frame finder.<ref name=RFB2></ref><ref name=RFB3></ref><ref name=FPA2></ref>
 
** 1928 model: with three 75 mm f/4.5 Heliar lenses. The viewing lens is now centrally between the taking lenses, as on the smaller models. The camera now has a wire frame finder.<ref name=RFB2></ref><ref name=RFB3></ref><ref name=FPA2></ref>
 
** 1936 model: more or less the same as the 1928 model, but with a cover for all three lenses (and covering the shutter and aperture controls), hinged at the bottom, instead of individual lens caps. It also has black-painted strap loops rather than bright metal lugs.<ref name=RFB1></ref>
 
** 1936 model: more or less the same as the 1928 model, but with a cover for all three lenses (and covering the shutter and aperture controls), hinged at the bottom, instead of individual lens caps. It also has black-painted strap loops rather than bright metal lugs.<ref name=RFB1></ref>
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==Notes==
 
==Notes==
 
<references />
 
<references />
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Revision as of 18:01, 18 November 2011

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Voigtländer made a series of cameras called Stereflektoskop between 1914 and 1937.[1] As the name suggests, it is a stereo camera with a reflex ground-glass viewfinder. They are an improvement on the Sterephotoskop cameras, made from 1905-26 (i.e. overlapping with these) which have only a non-focusing reflex finder. They are designed for plates, which in most examples seen are in a rapid-changing magazine back. However, as with the later Franke & Heidecke Heidoscop (a copy of this camera) the Stereflektoskop can be used with a film pack holder.[2][3] Some examples have been seen with a roll film back.[4][5][6] Some of these have required some work to fit, however, perhaps suggesting that Voigtländer did not supply such a back themselves. Certainly (and unlike Franke & Heidecke, with the Rolleidoscop), Voigtländer did not make a version of their camera dedicated to roll film.

The first cameras (in the smaller of the two formats) have Voigtländer shutters; after that, all models have Stereo-Compur shutters giving speeds from 1 second to 1/100 second, plus 'B'.[7]

Focusing is by a knob on the right hand side of the body. All models of the Stereflektokop have a rising and falling front; the lens plate simply slides up under finger pressure. Most (perhaps all) of the models have a loupe built into the focusing hood. By capping one lens at a time, it is also possible to make single (i.e. not stereo) exposures.

Stereflektoscop cameras were made in two sizes:

  • 45×107 mm plates (for stereo pairs of 4×4 cm images), usually in a magazine back. These cameras have the viewing lens placed centrally between the taking lenses.
    • 1914 model: with 62 mm f/4.5 Heliar taking lenses, un-named viewing lens, and Voigtländer shutter.[2] Early examples may have shutter speeds from 3 seconds to 1/300 second. Later ones have 1 second to 1/250 second, plus 'B'.[1] On this model, the shutter speed is set with a knob on the left of the body, and aperture with a ring around the viewing lens. In addition to the reflex finder, there is a folding optical finder (apparently a Watson type, with a single negative lens) on the side.
    • 1923 model: with 65 mm f/4.5 Heliar taking and viewing lenses (i.e. three lenses the same), and Stereo-Compur shutter with speeds 1 - 1/100 second, plus 'B'.[8][9] The shutter speed control is now a dial on the lens board (like any dial-set Compur).
    • 1929 model: with three 60 mm f/4.5 Heliar lenses and Stereo-Compur shutter. There is now a folding wire-frame finder mounted on the lid of the folding reflex finder hood, instead of the optical finder on the side.[10] The camera now has strap lugs on the top.
  • 6×13 cm plates (for stereo pairs of images presumably 2¼ inches square, i.e. slightly less than 6 cm) in a magazine. On all models in this size, the shutter speed control is a dial at the top left of the lens board (the user's left, from behind the camera), and the aperture is set with a similar dial in the top right.
    • 1925 model: with 85 mm f/4.5 Heliar taking lenses, and a 65 mm f/4.5 Heliar viewing lens, a little above the taking lenses. This model has no wire-frame finder. It does have strap lugs.[7]
    • 1928 model: with three 75 mm f/4.5 Heliar lenses. The viewing lens is now centrally between the taking lenses, as on the smaller models. The camera now has a wire frame finder.[5][6][3]
    • 1936 model: more or less the same as the 1928 model, but with a cover for all three lenses (and covering the shutter and aperture controls), hinged at the bottom, instead of individual lens caps. It also has black-painted strap loops rather than bright metal lugs.[4]


Notes

  1. 1.0 1.1 McKeown, James M. and Joan C. McKeown's Price Guide to Antique and Classic Cameras, 12th Edition, 2005-2006. USA, Centennial Photo Service, 2004. ISBN 0-931838-40-1 (hardcover). ISBN 0-931838-41-X (softcover). p961-2.
  2. 2.0 2.1 1914 45×107 mm Stereflektoskop with a film pack adapter (rear view only is shown); a lot in an auctin in June 2008 by Tamarkin Photographica in Woodbridge, Connecticut.
  3. 3.0 3.1 1928 6×13 cm Stereflektoskop with a film pack adapter; a lot in an auction in October 2006 by Kaminski Auctions in Beverly, Massachusetts.
  4. 4.0 4.1 1936 6×13 cm Stereflektoskop with a roll film back; a lot in an auction in September 2006 by Auction Team Breker in Cologne.
  5. 5.0 5.1 1928 6×13 cm Stereflektoskop with a third-party roll film back; a lot in an auction in March 2006 by Auction Team Breker in Cologne.
  6. 6.0 6.1 1928 6×13 cm Stereflektoskop with a custom-fitted third-party roll film back; a lot in an auction in April 2005 by Auction Team Breker in Cologne.
  7. 7.0 7.1 1925 6×13 cm Stereflektoskop at Early Photography.
  8. 1923 45×107 mm Stereflektoskop; a lot in an auction in June 2008 by Westlicht Photographica Auction in Vienna. Photos show the camera, magazine back and a close-up of the lenses.
  9. 1923 45×107 mm Stereflektoskop; a lot in an auction in September 2006 by Auction Team Breker in Cologne. The viewfinder hood on this example appears to have been turned round: McKeown states that it hinges at the back in the first two models.
  10. 1929 45×107 mm Stereflektoskop; a lot in an auction in September 2006 by Auction Team Breker in Cologne.